大气污染防治督查结果特征分析与政策效果评估——以京津冀及周边地区大气污染传输通道城市为例
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摘要
自国务院《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》实施以来,生态环境部陆续开展了针对大气污染防治的强化督查,从产业结构、能源结构、运输结构和用地结构等方面对重点区域进行综合整治和重点督查。本研究量化分析了《2018-2019年蓝天保卫战重点区域强化督查方案》第一阶段发现的问题,并对大气污染防治强化督查政策的实施效果进行了评估。研究结果表明,石家庄、保定、唐山等城市督查问题频出,物料堆场和建筑工地扬尘污染问题较为严重,工业企业环境问题主要体现在VOC治理、工业粉尘无组织排放、燃煤锅炉淘汰及整改等方面。2018年"2+26"城市空气质量和大气污染防治强化督查的相关性分析结果表明,大气污染防治强化督查政策对于改善"2+26"城市的空气质量具有明显地促进作用。研究为精准识别大气环境违法行为,落实环境保护监督、考核、追责等机制提供了决策支持。
Since "Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defence War", Ministry of Ecology and Environment carried out intensive supervision of air pollution prevention and control, and comprehensively focused supervision from the aspects of industrial and energy structure, transportation structure and land structure. We conducted a quantitative analysis of supervision problems of "the Key Areas of the Blue Sky Defence War" in 2018-2019. The results show that we should pay special attention to Shijiazhuang, Baoding and Tangshan. The environmental problems of industrial enterprises are mainly reflected in VOC governance, industrial dust emission, coal-fired boilers elimination and rectification. Correlation analysis of air quality data and intensive supervision of air pollution control shows that the intensive supervision policy has obviously promoted air pollution prevention. The result provides decision support for accurately identifying atmospheric environmental violations in the future.
Since "Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defence War", Ministry of Ecology and Environment carried out intensive supervision of air pollution prevention and control, and comprehensively focused supervision from the aspects of industrial and energy structure, transportation structure and land structure. We conducted a quantitative analysis of supervision problems of "the Key Areas of the Blue Sky Defence War" in 2018-2019. The results show that we should pay special attention to Shijiazhuang, Baoding and Tangshan. The environmental problems of industrial enterprises are mainly reflected in VOC governance, industrial dust emission, coal-fired boilers elimination and rectification. Correlation analysis of air quality data and intensive supervision of air pollution control shows that the intensive supervision policy has obviously promoted air pollution prevention. The result provides decision support for accurately identifying atmospheric environmental violations in the future.
引文
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[2]生态环境部.2018-2019年蓝天保卫战重点区域强化督查方案[EB/OL].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/sthjbgw/sthjbwj/201806/t20180612_442954.htm,2018-06-07/2019-01-16.
[3]葛察忠,翁智雄,董战峰.环保督查制度:推动建立督政问责监管体系[J].环境保护,2016,44(7):24-28.
[4]翁智雄,葛察忠,王金南.环境保护督察推动建立环保长效机制[J].环境保护,2016,44(3):90-93.
[5]葛察忠,翁智雄,赵学涛.环境保护督察巡视-党政同责的顶层制度[J].中国环境管理,2016,8(1):57-60.
[6]尚宏博.论我国环保督查制度的完善[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(3):38-41.
[7]唐振亚.区域环保督查推动江苏环境监管新突破[J].环境经济,2011(8):49-54.
[8]翁智雄,程翠云,葛察忠,等.我国环境保护督查体系分析[J].环境保护,2017,45(10):53-56.
[9]生态环境部.大气污染防治强化监督平台[EB/OL].http://www.mee.gov.cn/home/ztbd/rdzl/dqwrqhdc.2018-01-06/2019-01-16.
[10]河北省生态保护厅.河北省2017年生态环境状况公报[EB/OL].http://hbepb.hebei.gov.cn/hjzlzkgb/201807/P020180705353443962431.pdf.2018-07-05/2019-01-16.
[11]常杪,冯雁,解惠婷,等.大数据驱动环境管理创新[J].环境保护,2015,43(19):25-29.
[12]常杪,冯雁,郭培坤,等.环境大数据概念、特征及在环境管理中的应用[J].中国环境管理,2015,7(6):26-30.
[13]宋国君,等.环境政策分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008:45-50.