榆林市主要公路农田土壤重金属污染特征分析
|
摘要
货运是榆林煤炭输出的主要运输方式,汽车在运输中产生的煤炭粉尘飘落,在行驶中汽油的燃烧,汽车轮胎与地面摩擦而形成的粉尘,以及汽车油箱材料、发动机、刹车片等其他部件产生的磨损从而使得重金属污染物在土壤中移动,使得榆林多条公路农田重金属富集。本文分析了Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr、Ni六种重金属在榆林煤矿区主干道两侧土壤的空间分布,剖析其影响因素,并运用单因子污染指数法对其污染程度进行评价。结果表明:小纪汗运煤专线、榆阳区210国道旁农田土壤未受到污染,小纪汗运煤专线Zn、Cd、Pb单项污染指数高于榆阳区210国道,在公路两侧一定范围内建设绿化带可较好阻隔粉煤灰的扩散。
Freight transportation is the main mode of transportation of coal output in Yulin City.Coal dust in transportation and the use of gasoline during driving,the dust produced by tire friction,the wear of fuel tank material,engine and other parts,brake pads,so that heavy metal contaminants are moved in the soil,which makes Yulin multiple highway farmland heavy metals are enriched.The spatial distribution of Pb,Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr and Ni heavy metals in the soil on the two sides of the main road in Yulin coal mine area and its influencing factors were analyzed in this paper.The pollution degree was evaluated by the single factor pollution index method.The results showed that the farmland soil near the 210 National highway in the small Khan coal transportation line and the Yuyang district was not polluted,and the single pollution index of Zn,Cd and Pb in the small Khan coal transportation line was higher than the 210 National Highway in Yuyang district.The construction of green belts within a certain scope on both sides of the highway can better block the diffusion of fly ash.
Freight transportation is the main mode of transportation of coal output in Yulin City.Coal dust in transportation and the use of gasoline during driving,the dust produced by tire friction,the wear of fuel tank material,engine and other parts,brake pads,so that heavy metal contaminants are moved in the soil,which makes Yulin multiple highway farmland heavy metals are enriched.The spatial distribution of Pb,Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr and Ni heavy metals in the soil on the two sides of the main road in Yulin coal mine area and its influencing factors were analyzed in this paper.The pollution degree was evaluated by the single factor pollution index method.The results showed that the farmland soil near the 210 National highway in the small Khan coal transportation line and the Yuyang district was not polluted,and the single pollution index of Zn,Cd and Pb in the small Khan coal transportation line was higher than the 210 National Highway in Yuyang district.The construction of green belts within a certain scope on both sides of the highway can better block the diffusion of fly ash.
引文
[1]榆林市煤炭资源概况[EB/OL].2014-09-17.http://www.sanqin.com/2014/0917/41669.shtml,2014-09-17.
[2]葛蕃.“榆林煤”简史[EB/OL].2015-11-28.http://www.yl.gov.cn/site/1/html/0/5/12/34596.htm,2015-11-28.
[3]赵彩凤.西安周边高速公路两侧表层土壤重金属污染研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2013.
[4]孙艳丽,马建华,李剑.郑汴路路旁土壤重金属积累及其潜在风险评估[J].土壤通报,2010(5):1184-1190.
[5]冯金飞.高速公路沿线农田土壤和作物的重金属污染特征及规律[D].南京:南京农业大学,2010.
[6]王再岚,何江,刘玉虹,等.鄂尔多斯地区公路两侧土壤重金属污染特征[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(2):15-19.
[7]杨奕如,殷云龙,於朝广,等.205国道两侧农田土壤和水稻叶片及糙米中重金属含量的空间分布特征[J].植物资源与环境学报,2009,18(2):73-79.
[8]范拴喜,甘卓亭,李美娟,等.土壤重金属污染评价方法进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(17):310-315.
[9]王玉军,刘存,周东美,等.一种农田土壤重金属影响评价的新方法:土壤和农产品综合质量指数法[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(7):1225-1232.
[10]徐永荣,冯宗炜,王春夏,等.绿带对公路两侧土壤重金属含量的影响研究[J].湖北农业科学,2002(5):75-77.
[2]葛蕃.“榆林煤”简史[EB/OL].2015-11-28.http://www.yl.gov.cn/site/1/html/0/5/12/34596.htm,2015-11-28.
[3]赵彩凤.西安周边高速公路两侧表层土壤重金属污染研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2013.
[4]孙艳丽,马建华,李剑.郑汴路路旁土壤重金属积累及其潜在风险评估[J].土壤通报,2010(5):1184-1190.
[5]冯金飞.高速公路沿线农田土壤和作物的重金属污染特征及规律[D].南京:南京农业大学,2010.
[6]王再岚,何江,刘玉虹,等.鄂尔多斯地区公路两侧土壤重金属污染特征[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(2):15-19.
[7]杨奕如,殷云龙,於朝广,等.205国道两侧农田土壤和水稻叶片及糙米中重金属含量的空间分布特征[J].植物资源与环境学报,2009,18(2):73-79.
[8]范拴喜,甘卓亭,李美娟,等.土壤重金属污染评价方法进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(17):310-315.
[9]王玉军,刘存,周东美,等.一种农田土壤重金属影响评价的新方法:土壤和农产品综合质量指数法[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(7):1225-1232.
[10]徐永荣,冯宗炜,王春夏,等.绿带对公路两侧土壤重金属含量的影响研究[J].湖北农业科学,2002(5):75-77.