微域内苏打盐碱化草原草甸碱土和草甸盐土土壤剖面特征
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摘要
以吉林省西部苏打盐碱化草原微域内草甸盐土和草甸碱土土壤剖面为研究对象,现场观察测定了土壤发生层次的形态特征,室内分析了土壤各发生层次主要理化性质。结果表明:2种土壤剖面表观形态特征有共性也有个性,理化性状差异大,尤其表现在土壤盐化碱化强度的悬殊。剖面土壤各发生层次的pH、电导率(EC)、碱化度(ESP)值均较高。ESP与总盐量变化趋势一致,土壤含盐量越高,其碱化度值也越高。剖面土壤盐分组成主要以中Na+、CO32-、HCO3-为主,垂直方向上土壤各发生层次变异较大,反映水盐运移速度强度不同,形成微域内2种苏打盐碱土类型。
Taking soil profiles of alkaline and saline meadow soil in soda salinization-grassland micro zone in western Jilin province as research object,the morphological characteristics of soil occurrence hierarchy were observed and the main physical and chemical properties of soil occurrence hierarchy were analyzed indoors. The results demonstrated that the morphological characteristics of the two soil profiles had both commonality and individuality,with distinct differences among the physical and chemical properties,especially the great disparity of soil salinization intensity. pH,electrical conductivity(EC) and exchangeable sodium percentage(ESP) of each occurrence of soil in the profiles were all higher. Soil ESP was consistent with the trend of total salinity,and the higher the salt content of soil,the higher the alkalinity value. The composition of soil salinity in the profiles mainly consisted of Na+,CO32-and HCO3-,and Na+,CO32-and HCO3-. In the vertical direction,variation was greater in each soil occurrence layer,indicating different transportation velocity and intensity of water and salt and therefore forming two types of soda meadow soil in micro zone.
Taking soil profiles of alkaline and saline meadow soil in soda salinization-grassland micro zone in western Jilin province as research object,the morphological characteristics of soil occurrence hierarchy were observed and the main physical and chemical properties of soil occurrence hierarchy were analyzed indoors. The results demonstrated that the morphological characteristics of the two soil profiles had both commonality and individuality,with distinct differences among the physical and chemical properties,especially the great disparity of soil salinization intensity. pH,electrical conductivity(EC) and exchangeable sodium percentage(ESP) of each occurrence of soil in the profiles were all higher. Soil ESP was consistent with the trend of total salinity,and the higher the salt content of soil,the higher the alkalinity value. The composition of soil salinity in the profiles mainly consisted of Na+,CO32-and HCO3-,and Na+,CO32-and HCO3-. In the vertical direction,variation was greater in each soil occurrence layer,indicating different transportation velocity and intensity of water and salt and therefore forming two types of soda meadow soil in micro zone.
引文
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[19]张为政.松嫩平原羊草草地植被退化与土壤盐渍化的关系[J].植物生态学报,1994,18(1):50-55.
[20] Chi Chunming,Zhao Changwei,Sun Xiaojing,et al. Estimating exchangeable sodium percentage from sodium adsorption ratio of salt-affected soil in the Songnen Plain of Northeast China[J]. Pedosphere,2011,21(2):271-276.
[21]俞仁培.土壤碱化及其防治[J].土壤,1984,6(5):163-170.
[22]俞仁培,扬道平.土壤碱化过程与实质的研究[J].土壤学报,1982,19(4):343-350.
[2]宋长春,邓伟,李取生.松嫩平原土壤次生盐渍化过程模型研究[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(5):96-102.
[3]裘善文,张柏,王志春.吉林省西部土地荒漠化现状、特征与治理途径研究[J].地理科学,2003,23(2):188-192.
[4]马驰.松嫩平原土地盐碱化研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2014,36(3):333-337.
[5]俞仁培.碱土的形成与防止[M].北京:科学出版社,1984:4-19.
[6]赵兰坡,王宇,冯君.松嫩平原盐碱地改良利用—理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:12-22.
[7]赵兰坡,冯君,王宇,等.松嫩平原盐碱地开发的理论与技术的问题[J].吉林农业大学学报,2012,34(3):237-241.
[8]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999:12-13,27-36,85-96,269-271.
[9]陈恩凤.土壤肥力物质基础及调控[M].北京:科学出版社,1990:122-124.
[10]赵兰坡,冯君,王宇.不同利用方式的苏打盐渍土剖面盐分组成及分布特征[J].土壤学报,2011,48(5):904-911.
[11]黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005:74-75.
[12]刘兴土.松嫩平原退化土地整治与农业发展[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:83-106.
[13] Yang F,Zhang G X,Yin X R,et al. Spatial variability of soil salinity and sodicity and its correlation with the succession of Phragmites Australis community in degraded salt marsh[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(10):5291-5298.
[14]严昶升.土壤肥力研究方法[M].北京:农业科学出版社,1988:287-291.
[15]罗新正,孙广友.松嫩平原含盐碱斑的重度盐化草甸土种稻脱盐过程[J].生态环境,2004,13(1):47-50.
[16]郭继勋,姜世成,孙刚.松嫩平原盐碱化草地治理方法的比较研究[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(4):425-428.
[17]赵兰坡,王宇,马晶.吉林省西部苏打盐碱土改良研究[J].土壤通报,2001,32(增刊):91-96.
[18]刘广明,杨劲松.土壤含盐量与土壤电导率及水分含量关系的试验研究[J].土壤通报,2001,32(S1):85-87.
[19]张为政.松嫩平原羊草草地植被退化与土壤盐渍化的关系[J].植物生态学报,1994,18(1):50-55.
[20] Chi Chunming,Zhao Changwei,Sun Xiaojing,et al. Estimating exchangeable sodium percentage from sodium adsorption ratio of salt-affected soil in the Songnen Plain of Northeast China[J]. Pedosphere,2011,21(2):271-276.
[21]俞仁培.土壤碱化及其防治[J].土壤,1984,6(5):163-170.
[22]俞仁培,扬道平.土壤碱化过程与实质的研究[J].土壤学报,1982,19(4):343-350.