东北地区红隼羽毛中重金属汞含量测定
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摘要
为了解东北不同地区猛禽体内重金属汞的富集程度和分布状况,2017年和2018年6—9月间在东北地区14个地点采集红隼飞羽和尾羽,共得到83只红隼个体的样本,测定红隼飞羽和尾羽的汞含量,分析汞含量分布地区性差异,以及从北到南汞含量空间分布特征。结果表明东北地区红隼飞羽中汞浓度为0. 065 4—1. 379 0 mg/kg,汞浓度平均值为(0. 437 7±0. 289 1) mg/kg。尾羽汞浓度为0. 063 2—1. 331 0 mg/kg,汞浓度平均值为(0. 400 6±0. 266 8) mg/kg。红隼飞羽和尾羽汞浓度差异显著,飞羽、尾羽汞浓度显著相关。空间上,哈尔滨、长春和沈阳3个省会城市红隼羽毛汞浓度较低,明显低于周边其他城市,沿海地区红隼羽毛汞浓度高于内陆地区。
To understand the degree and distribution of mercury concentrations in raptors in different regions of Northeast China,we sampled flight feathers and tail feathers of 83 common kestrels( Falco tinnunculus) from 14 locations in Northeast China during June to September in 2017 and 2018.We measured the mercury concentrations in these feathers,and analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of mercury content from north to south. In Northeast China the mercury concentration in flight feathers ranged from 0. 065 4 to 1. 379 0 mg/kg,averaging 0. 437 7 ± 0. 289 1 mg/kg. The mercury concentration of tail feathers ranged from 0. 063 2 to 1. 331 0 mg/kg,averaging 0. 400 6 ±0. 266 8 mg/kg. The mercury concentrations of flight feathers and tail feathers differed significantly and were significantly correlated. Spatially,the feather mercury concentrations in Harbin,Changchun and Shenyang,three provincial capitals,were lower than those in surrounding cities. Feather mercury concentrations in coastal areas were higher than those in inland areas.
To understand the degree and distribution of mercury concentrations in raptors in different regions of Northeast China,we sampled flight feathers and tail feathers of 83 common kestrels( Falco tinnunculus) from 14 locations in Northeast China during June to September in 2017 and 2018.We measured the mercury concentrations in these feathers,and analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of mercury content from north to south. In Northeast China the mercury concentration in flight feathers ranged from 0. 065 4 to 1. 379 0 mg/kg,averaging 0. 437 7 ± 0. 289 1 mg/kg. The mercury concentration of tail feathers ranged from 0. 063 2 to 1. 331 0 mg/kg,averaging 0. 400 6 ±0. 266 8 mg/kg. The mercury concentrations of flight feathers and tail feathers differed significantly and were significantly correlated. Spatially,the feather mercury concentrations in Harbin,Changchun and Shenyang,three provincial capitals,were lower than those in surrounding cities. Feather mercury concentrations in coastal areas were higher than those in inland areas.
引文
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[20] 邹婷婷,王宁,张刚,等.松花江上游金矿开采区环境中汞污染的空间分布特征[J].环境科学,2010,31(9):2228-2233.
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[22] 郭东龙,周梅素,席玉英,等.重金属汞在鸟体羽毛组织中的含量及分布规律[J].动物学报,2001,47(专刊1):139-143.
[23] 冯新斌,陈玖斌,付学吾,等.汞的环境地球化学研究进展[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2013,32(5):503-530.
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[26] 金余娣.对海洋环境中的主要化学污染物及其危害的分析[J].环境与发展,2018,30(3):145;147.
[27] 郑舜琴,张淑美.渤海湾沉积物中的汞[J].海洋与湖沼,1985,16(2):121-126.
[2] 王宏镔,束文圣,蓝崇钰.重金属污染生态学研究现状与展望[J].生态学报,2005,25(3):596-605.
[3] 郭程程,张军方,余志,等.汞的土壤地球化学及其环境效应[J].环保科技,2018,24(4):40-46.
[4] FORT J,LACOUE-LABARTHE T,NGUYEN H L,et al.Mercury in wintering seabirds,an aggravating factor to winter wrecks?[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,527/528:448-454.
[5] COSTA R A,EEVA T,EIRA C,et al.Assessing heavy metal pollution using great tits(Parus major):feathers and excrements from nestlings and adults[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2013,185(6):5339-5344.
[6] SCHEUHAMMER A M.The chronic toxicity of aluminium,cadmium,mercury,and lead in birds:a review[J].Environmental Pollution,1987,46(4):263-295.
[7] IKEMOTO T,KUNITO T,TANAKA H,et al.Detoxification mechanism of heavy metals in Marine mammals and seabirds:interaction of selenium with mercury,silver,copper,zinc,and cadmium in liver[J].Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2004,47(3):402-413.
[8] 李黔军,黄雪飞.汞对动物食物链污染规律及防治的研究进展[J].安徽农学通报,2009,15(9):78-80.
[9] 马志龙.汞在三江平原鱼-鹭食物链中的生物富集[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2017.
[10] 郝宇琦.汞在三江平原鱼-鹭食物链中的传递与累积[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2015.
[11] 李枫.扎龙湿地水体重金属在苍鹭(Ardea cinerea)雏鸟组织中含量的初步研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2002.
[12] 张宇.扎龙自然保护区丹顶鹤羽毛中汞、铅、镉、铜及砷含量测定分析[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2010.
[13] 张培勤,周英梅.重金属汞在树麻雀体内不同组织和器官中分布规律的研究[J].山西大学学报(自然科学版),1998,21(3):272-275.
[14] 宫茜茜.鸡西矿区麻雀(Passer montanus)重金属富集及其在区域重金属污染评价中的应用[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2012.
[15] 刘庆,陈美,陈小麟.厦门几种猛禽体内的重金属分布[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2006,45(2):280-283.
[16] 万奇,冯新斌,郑伟,等.长白山地区大气气态总汞含量的季节性特征研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(2):296-299.
[17] 方凤满,王起超,李东侠,等.长春市大气颗粒汞及其干沉降通量[J].环境科学,2001,22(2):60-63.
[18] 王起超,方凤满,李志博.长春市汞界面交换通量的研究[J].中国环境科学,2005,25(4):475-479.
[19] 张刚,王宁,盛连喜,等.吉林省自东向西城乡连续空间大气汞分布特征研究[J].东北师大学报(自然科学版),2012,44(3):130-135.
[20] 邹婷婷,王宁,张刚,等.松花江上游金矿开采区环境中汞污染的空间分布特征[J].环境科学,2010,31(9):2228-2233.
[21] 陈燕.我国东北地区城乡连续空间大气汞分布特征研究[J].东北师大学报(自然科学版),2014,46(3):139-144.
[22] 郭东龙,周梅素,席玉英,等.重金属汞在鸟体羽毛组织中的含量及分布规律[J].动物学报,2001,47(专刊1):139-143.
[23] 冯新斌,陈玖斌,付学吾,等.汞的环境地球化学研究进展[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2013,32(5):503-530.
[24] HONDA K,MIN B Y,TATSUKAWA R.Heavy metal distribution in organs and tissues of the eastern great white egret Egretta alba modesta[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,1985,35(1):781-789.
[25] HONDA K,NASU T,TATSUKAWA R.Seasonal changes in mercury accumulation in the black-eared kite,Milvus migrans lineatus[J].Environmental Pollution Series A(Ecological and Biological),1986,42(4):325-334.
[26] 金余娣.对海洋环境中的主要化学污染物及其危害的分析[J].环境与发展,2018,30(3):145;147.
[27] 郑舜琴,张淑美.渤海湾沉积物中的汞[J].海洋与湖沼,1985,16(2):121-126.