氯苯污染土壤低温原位热脱附修复
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摘要
为了考察低温原位热脱附技术对土壤中氯苯的修复效果,以土壤中氯苯为目标污染物,控制热脱附设备设定温度、土壤粒径、土壤含水率,对不同条件下土壤中的氯苯进行测定分析,研究其对热脱附效果的影响。结果表明:原位热脱附过程中土壤温度变化以加热棒为中心,随着距离增加而呈现时间和空间上的滞后效应;原位热脱附设定温度越高,土壤修复效果越好,当土壤设定温度为100℃时,90%土壤样品氯苯去除率达99%以上,与设定温度130℃修复效果相当;土壤粒径越小,其比表面积大,对污染物吸附效率越高,所需热脱附时间越长;含水率影响氯苯在土壤中的挥发速率、有效孔隙率和透气率,含水率过高或过低都不利于氯苯污染土壤原位热脱附修复。热脱附设备设定温度、土壤粒径、土壤含水率对低温原位热脱附技术去除土壤中氯苯的效果具有较大的影响。
In order to investigate the effect of low temperature in situ thermal desorption on chlorobenzene in soil, the chlorobenzene in soil was taken as the target pollutant, and the set temperature of the thermal desorption equipment, soil particle size, soil moisture content were controlled, the chlorobenzene in soil under different conditions was determined and analyzed to study their influences on the thermal desorption effect. The results show that the change of soil temperature was centered on the heating rod during the process of in-situ thermal desorption, and presented the hysteresis effects with time and spatial appear as the distance increased.The higher the set temperature of in-situ thermal desorption was, the better the soil remediation effect was. When the set temperature of the soil was 100 ℃, the removal rates of chlorobenzene for 90% soil samples were over 99%, which was equivalent to the remediation effect at set temperature of 130 ℃. For soil with small particle size, it presented a high pollutant adsorption efficiency due to the large specific surface, thus the time for its thermal desorption was longer; The moisture of soil affects volatilization rate of chlorobenzene in soil, and the effective porosity and air permeability of the soil. Too high or low moisture content was not conducive to in situ thermal desorption remediation of chlorobenzene contaminates soil. The set temperature of the thermal desorption equipment, soil particle size and soil moisture content had a great influence on chlorobenzene removal from soil by low temperature in situ thermal desorption technology.
In order to investigate the effect of low temperature in situ thermal desorption on chlorobenzene in soil, the chlorobenzene in soil was taken as the target pollutant, and the set temperature of the thermal desorption equipment, soil particle size, soil moisture content were controlled, the chlorobenzene in soil under different conditions was determined and analyzed to study their influences on the thermal desorption effect. The results show that the change of soil temperature was centered on the heating rod during the process of in-situ thermal desorption, and presented the hysteresis effects with time and spatial appear as the distance increased.The higher the set temperature of in-situ thermal desorption was, the better the soil remediation effect was. When the set temperature of the soil was 100 ℃, the removal rates of chlorobenzene for 90% soil samples were over 99%, which was equivalent to the remediation effect at set temperature of 130 ℃. For soil with small particle size, it presented a high pollutant adsorption efficiency due to the large specific surface, thus the time for its thermal desorption was longer; The moisture of soil affects volatilization rate of chlorobenzene in soil, and the effective porosity and air permeability of the soil. Too high or low moisture content was not conducive to in situ thermal desorption remediation of chlorobenzene contaminates soil. The set temperature of the thermal desorption equipment, soil particle size and soil moisture content had a great influence on chlorobenzene removal from soil by low temperature in situ thermal desorption technology.
引文
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[22]塔娜,五十六,马文娟,等.不同含水率下日光温室土壤温度变化规律的峰拟合法拟合[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(20):204-210.
[23]李鹏,廖晓勇,阎秀兰,等.热强化气相抽提对不同质地土壤中苯去除的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(10):3888-3895.
[24]董重.氯苯与硫酸铜在亚临界水中溶解度及乙醇在超临界二氧化碳中溶解度研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2011.
[25]MECHATI F,ROTH E,RENAULT V,et al.Pilot scale and theoretical study of thermal remediation of soils[J].Environmental Engineering Science,2004,21(3):361-370.
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[28]陈家军,田亮,李玮,等.土壤柴油污染修复的抽气提取去除实验研究[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(10):1416-1420.
[29]POULSEN T G,MOLDRUP P,HANSEN J A,et al.VOC vapor sorption in soil:Soil type dependent model and implications for vapor extraction[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,1998,124(2):146-155.
[30]YOON H,KIM J H,LILJESTRAND H M,et al.Effect of water content on transient nonequilibrium NAPL-gas mass transfer during soil vapor extraction[J].Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2002,54(1):1-18.
[2]王湘徽,祝欣,龙涛,等.氯苯类易挥发有机污染土壤异位低温热脱附实例研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(4):670-674.
[3]刘沙沙,董家华,陈志良,等.挥发性有机物污染土壤修复技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2012,12(12):7130-7132.
[4]陈红.土壤中VOCs的检测、处理与若干思考[J].山东化工,2017,46(10):111-112.
[5]王岩,范晓光,张保华,等.基于污染指数与ArcGIS的聊城市耕地OCPs污染研究[J].中国环境监测,2013,29(3):152-157.
[6]虞敏达.不同化学氧化剂对氯苯类污染土壤修复效果比较[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(8):4075-4082.
[7]宋萌萌,罗泽娇,秦佳.电动力学-过硫酸钠氧化联用修复二氯苯污染土壤的研究[J].环境工程,2016,34(7):176-180.
[8]张学良,李群,周艳,等.某退役溶剂厂有机物污染场地燃气热脱附原位修复效果试验[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(7):2868-2875.
[9]BAKER R S,HERON G.In-situ delivery of heat by thermal conduction and steam injection for improved DNAPL remediation[M].Fitchburg USA:Terra Therm,Inc.2004.
[10]US EPA.Superfund remedy report[R].14th ed.Washington DC:Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response,2013.
[11]BIACHE C,MANSUYHUAULT L,FAURE P,et al.Effects of thermal desorption on the composition of two coking plant soils:Impact on solvent extractable organic compounds and metal bioavailability[J].Environmental Pollution,2008,156(3):671-677.
[12]祁志福.多氯联苯污染土壤热脱附过程关键影响因素的实验研究及应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[13]傅海辉.多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)污染土壤热脱附实验研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[14]魏萌.焦化污染场地土壤中PAHs的赋存特征及热脱附处置研究[D].北京:首都师范大学,2013.
[15]高国龙,蒋建国,李梦露.有机物污染土壤热脱附技术研究与应用[J].环境工程,2012,30(1):128-131.
[16]胡孙,陈纪赛,周永贤,等.异位热脱附技术在某污场地中试试验[J].环境科技,2017,30(4):33-38.
[17]梅志华,刘志阳,王从利,等.燃气热脱附技术在某有机污染场地的中试应用[J].资源节约与环保,2015(1):34-35.
[18]郑桂林,谢湉,薛天利,等.热脱附技术在化工场地六六六污染土壤中的工程应用研究[J].广东化工,2017,44(11):222-223.
[19]BRADY P R,DESMARAIS B.In-situ thermal desorption processes:US9370809[P].2016-06-21.
[20]WU H L,LU S Y,LI X D,et al.Removal of pollutants from high polychlorinated biphenyl level contaminated soil at different thermal treated time[J].Advanced Materials Research,2011,356-360:1034-1041.
[21]占美君,赖永忠.静态顶空-气相色谱/质谱法同时检测环境水体中59种挥发性有机物[J].分析测试技术与仪器,2016,22(4):250-260.
[22]塔娜,五十六,马文娟,等.不同含水率下日光温室土壤温度变化规律的峰拟合法拟合[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(20):204-210.
[23]李鹏,廖晓勇,阎秀兰,等.热强化气相抽提对不同质地土壤中苯去除的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(10):3888-3895.
[24]董重.氯苯与硫酸铜在亚临界水中溶解度及乙醇在超临界二氧化碳中溶解度研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2011.
[25]MECHATI F,ROTH E,RENAULT V,et al.Pilot scale and theoretical study of thermal remediation of soils[J].Environmental Engineering Science,2004,21(3):361-370.
[26]FALCIGLIA P P,GIUSTRA M G,VAGLIASINDI F G A.Low-temperature thermal desorption of diesel polluted soil:Influence of temperature and soil texture on contaminant removal kinetics[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,185(1):392-400.
[27]ARESTA M,DIBENEDETTO A,FRAGALE C,et al.Thermal desorption of polychlorobiphenyls from contaminated soils and their hydrodechlorination using Pd-and Rh-supported catalysts[J].Chemosphere,2008,70(6):1052-1059.
[28]陈家军,田亮,李玮,等.土壤柴油污染修复的抽气提取去除实验研究[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(10):1416-1420.
[29]POULSEN T G,MOLDRUP P,HANSEN J A,et al.VOC vapor sorption in soil:Soil type dependent model and implications for vapor extraction[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,1998,124(2):146-155.
[30]YOON H,KIM J H,LILJESTRAND H M,et al.Effect of water content on transient nonequilibrium NAPL-gas mass transfer during soil vapor extraction[J].Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2002,54(1):1-18.