基于生物炭技术的农作物秸秆收购半径与收集站设置的数学模型
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摘要
生物炭是酸性土壤修复的重要新型材料,生物炭技术是农作物秸秆开发利用的新兴技术,而农作物秸秆收集半径和收集站设置是影响农作物秸秆生物炭技术应用的关键因素,假设在农作物秸秆均匀分布的圆形区域建设生物炭生产基地,对影响生物炭生产基地效益的农作物秸秆收购半径进行分析,建立了"农作物秸秆收购半径数学模型",获得其最优收购半径为R=(a-c)/b(其中为单a位质量农作物秸秆相关收益,b为单位质量单位距离农作物秸秆运输费用,c为单位质量农作物秸秆变动成本)。同时进一步分析,建立了"农作物秸秆收集站位置设置数学模型",假设从收集站向生产基地运输单位质量单位距离农作物秸秆费用q比其直接运输至生产基地费用b节约50%时(即q/b=0.5),获得其最优位置为0.49R (其中R为收购半径)。收购半径和收集站模型的建立,为我国北方农业主产区农作物秸秆收集利用提供参考。
Biochar is important new materials to remedy acidic soil,biochar technology is an new technology about the utilization of crop straw,whilethe straw collection radius and collection points is a key factor about the straw biochar technology applications.Supposing building biochar plantin the circular area of the straw evenly distribution,we established the mathematical model of the straw acquisition radius,the optimal radius R=(a-c)/b(a,straw revenue per unit area;b,per unit area and uinit distance cost of straw;c,variable cost per unit area).When q/b=0.5,qis for the transportation cost from straw collection site to the biochar plant per unit area and uinit distancet,bis for the transportation cost directly to the biochar plant,the optimal collection site is about 0.49 R(Ris the radius of the acquisition).The mathematical model about straw acquisition radius and collection points provide reference for the collection and utilization ahout the main straw producing areas in northern China.
Biochar is important new materials to remedy acidic soil,biochar technology is an new technology about the utilization of crop straw,whilethe straw collection radius and collection points is a key factor about the straw biochar technology applications.Supposing building biochar plantin the circular area of the straw evenly distribution,we established the mathematical model of the straw acquisition radius,the optimal radius R=(a-c)/b(a,straw revenue per unit area;b,per unit area and uinit distance cost of straw;c,variable cost per unit area).When q/b=0.5,qis for the transportation cost from straw collection site to the biochar plant per unit area and uinit distancet,bis for the transportation cost directly to the biochar plant,the optimal collection site is about 0.49 R(Ris the radius of the acquisition).The mathematical model about straw acquisition radius and collection points provide reference for the collection and utilization ahout the main straw producing areas in northern China.
引文
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[11]柴雨.关于中国秸秆生物炭的经济分析[J].河北旅游职业学院学报,2014,19(1):47-50.CHAI Yu.Economic analysis of straw biochar in China[J].Journal of Hebei Tourism Vocational College,2014,19(1):47-50.
[2] Roberts K G,Gloy B A,Joseph S,et al.Life cycle assessment of biochar sstems:Estimating the energetic,economic,and climate change potential[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2010,44(2):827-833.
[3]陈温福,张伟明,孟军.农用生物炭研究进展与前景[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(16):3324-3333.CHEN Wen-fu,ZHANG Wei-ming,MENG Jun.Advances and prospects in research of biochar utilization in agriculture[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2013,46(16):3324-3333.
[4]姜志翔.生物炭技术缓解温室气体排放的潜力评估[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.JIANG Zhi-xiang. Assessment of the Mitigation Potential of Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Biochar Technology[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2013.
[5]赵希强,马春元,王涛,等.生物质秸秆预处理工艺及经济性分析[J].电站系统工程,2008,24(2):30-33.ZHAO Xi-qiang,MA Chun-yuan,WANG Tao,et al.The pretreatment technology of straw and economic analysis[J].Power System Engineering,2008,24(2):30-33.
[6]于晓东,樊峰鸣.秸秆发电燃料收加储运过程模拟分析[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(10):215-219.YU Xiao-dong,FAN Feng-ming.Simulation analysis on fuel collection,processing,storage and transportation used in straw power plant in China[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2009,25(10):215-219.
[7]马放,张晓先,王立.秸秆能源化工程原料运输半径经济和环境评价[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2015,147(8):48-53.MA Fang,ZHANG Xiao-xian,WANG Li.Economic and environmental evaluation of straw transportation radius for straw-energy engineering[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2015,147(8):48-53.
[8]邢爱华,刘罡.生物质资源收集过程成本、能耗及环境影响分析[J].过程工程学报,2008(8):305-313.XING Ai-hua,LIU Gang.Economic,energy and environment analysis on biomass collection process[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2008(8):305-313.
[9]朱金陵,王志伟.玉米秸秆成型燃料生命周期评价[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(6):262-266.ZHU Jin-ling, WANG Zhi-wei.Life cycle assessment of corn straw pellet fuel[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2010,26(6):262-266.
[10]杨文士,焦叔斌,张雁,等.管理学第三版[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2009.YANG Wen-shi,JIAO Shu-bin,ZHANG Yan,et al.Management the Third Edition[M].Beijing:China Renmin University Press,2009.
[11]柴雨.关于中国秸秆生物炭的经济分析[J].河北旅游职业学院学报,2014,19(1):47-50.CHAI Yu.Economic analysis of straw biochar in China[J].Journal of Hebei Tourism Vocational College,2014,19(1):47-50.
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