鄱阳湖地区生态系统服务权衡与协同关系的时空格局
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摘要
鄱阳湖地区是中国最大淡水湖影响的区域,定量分析其生态系统服务权衡与协同关系对实现区域可持续发展具有重要意义.本研究首先基于遥感、土壤、气象、数字高程模型(DEM)等多源数据,定量测算2005—2015年鄱阳湖地区食物供给服务、土壤保持服务和产水服务,分析服务的时空格局及演变特征;然后运用相关分析、冷热点分析、空间制图方法探析1 km×1 km尺度上服务间权衡与协同关系的时空特征,并研究土地利用视角下生态系统服务及其相互关系的差异.结果表明:研究期间,鄱阳湖地区食物供给服务增加,土壤保持服务减少,产水服务先增后减.空间分布上,食物供给服务在西北-东南方向上呈现"低-高-低-高"的分布格局,土壤保持服务呈现高低值集聚分布的空间格局,产水服务表现为南高北低的空间分布.鄱阳湖地区食物供给与土壤保持、食物供给与产水量是权衡关系,土壤保持与产水量是协同关系.食物供给与土壤保持呈现北部协同、南部权衡的空间格局,食物供给与产水量之间在空间上呈现出明显的权衡关系,土壤保持与产水量之间从北至南呈现协同-权衡-协同的"夹心式"分异规律.不同土地利用类型间,耕地与食物供给、园林地与土壤保持、水域与产水量之间均存在极显著协同关系,建设用地与3种服务皆是权衡关系.食物供给服务与土壤保持服务和产水服务之间在不同土地利用类型中皆以权衡为主,土壤保持与产水服务在耕地、园林地、草地及建设用地中以协同关系为主、在水域和未利用地中则以权衡关系为主.鄱阳湖地区多重生态系统服务热点区主要在东部和南部平原区,呈减少趋势.
Poyang Lake region is the largest freshwater lake impacted area in China. Quantitative analysis of trade-off and synergy in ecosystem service is of great significance for realizing regional sustainable development. Based on multi-source data of remote sensing, soil, meteorology and DEM, we quantitatively measured food supply service, soil conservation service and water yield service in Poyang Lake region from 2005 to 2015, and analyzed their spatiotemporal patterns and evolution characteristics. The spatial and temporal characteristics of trade-off and synergy between services on the scale of 1 km×1 km were analyzed by using correlation analysis, hot spot analysis and spatial mapping method. The differences of ecosystem services and their relationships in the perspective of land use were studied. The results showed that food supply service increased, soil conservation service decreased, and water yield service increased first and then decreased during the study period. In terms of spatial distribution, food supply service presented "low-high-low-high" in the northwest-southeast direction, soil conservation service was concentrated in high and low values, and water yield service was high in south and low in north. There were trade-off relationships between food supply and soil conservation, and between food supply and water yield. There was synergistic relationship between soil conservation and water yield. Moreover, the relationship between food supply and soil conservation showed a spatial pattern of synergy in northern but trade-off in southern region. There was a clear spatial trade-off between food supply and water yield, and from north to south the relationship between soil conservation and water yield existed synergy-tradeoff-synergy differentiation, like a "sandwich". Among different land use types, there was a significant synergy between cultivated land and food supply, garden land and soil conservation, water area and water yield, but trade-off relationships between construction land and three services. The relationship between food supply and soil conservation and water yield was mainly trade-off in different land use types. The relationship between soil conservation and water yield was synergy in cultivated land, garden land, grassland and construction land, but was trade-off in water and unused land. The hot spots of multiple ecosystem services in the Poyang Lake region were mainly in the eastern and sou-thern plain areas, with a decreasing trend.
Poyang Lake region is the largest freshwater lake impacted area in China. Quantitative analysis of trade-off and synergy in ecosystem service is of great significance for realizing regional sustainable development. Based on multi-source data of remote sensing, soil, meteorology and DEM, we quantitatively measured food supply service, soil conservation service and water yield service in Poyang Lake region from 2005 to 2015, and analyzed their spatiotemporal patterns and evolution characteristics. The spatial and temporal characteristics of trade-off and synergy between services on the scale of 1 km×1 km were analyzed by using correlation analysis, hot spot analysis and spatial mapping method. The differences of ecosystem services and their relationships in the perspective of land use were studied. The results showed that food supply service increased, soil conservation service decreased, and water yield service increased first and then decreased during the study period. In terms of spatial distribution, food supply service presented "low-high-low-high" in the northwest-southeast direction, soil conservation service was concentrated in high and low values, and water yield service was high in south and low in north. There were trade-off relationships between food supply and soil conservation, and between food supply and water yield. There was synergistic relationship between soil conservation and water yield. Moreover, the relationship between food supply and soil conservation showed a spatial pattern of synergy in northern but trade-off in southern region. There was a clear spatial trade-off between food supply and water yield, and from north to south the relationship between soil conservation and water yield existed synergy-tradeoff-synergy differentiation, like a "sandwich". Among different land use types, there was a significant synergy between cultivated land and food supply, garden land and soil conservation, water area and water yield, but trade-off relationships between construction land and three services. The relationship between food supply and soil conservation and water yield was mainly trade-off in different land use types. The relationship between soil conservation and water yield was synergy in cultivated land, garden land, grassland and construction land, but was trade-off in water and unused land. The hot spots of multiple ecosystem services in the Poyang Lake region were mainly in the eastern and sou-thern plain areas, with a decreasing trend.
引文
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[14] Song Z-J (宋章建), Cao Y (曹宇), Tan Y-Z (谭永忠), et al. Land use and land cover change (LUCC) and landscape service: Evaluation, mapping and modeling. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2015, 26(5): 1594-1600 ( in Chinese)
[15] Wang P-T (王鹏涛), Zhang L-W (张立伟), Li Y-J (李英杰), et al. Spatio-temporal characteristics of the trade-off and synergy relationships among multiple ecosystem services in the upper reaches of Hanjiang River Basin. Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报), 2017, 72(11): 2064-2078 (in Chinese)
[16] Wu W-H (武文欢), Peng J (彭建), Liu Y-X (刘焱序), et al. Tradeoffs and synergies between ecosystem services in Ordos City. Progress in Geography (地理科学进展), 2017, 36(12): 1571-1581 (in Chinese)
[17] Tu X-S (涂小松), Long H-L (龙花楼). Spatial patterns and dynamic evolution of ecosystem service values in Poyang Lake Region from 2000 to 2010. Resources Science (资源科学), 2015, 37(12): 2451-2460 (in Chinese)
[18] Zhao Z-G (赵志刚),Yu D (余德), Han C-Y (韩成云), et al. Ecosystem services value prediction and driving forces in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2017, 37(24): 8411-8421 (in Chinese)
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[20] Jiangxi Provincial Bureau of Statistics (江西省统计局). Jiangxi Statistical Yearbooks from 2004 to 2017 [EB/OL]. (2006-2016)[2018-04-16]. http://www.jxstj.gov.cn/resource/nj/2017CD/indexch.htm (in Chinese)
[21] Xu S-W (许世卫). The Study on the Food Development and Regional Comparison in China. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2001 (in Chinese)
[22] National Bureau of Statistics (国家统计局). China Statistical Yearbook for Regional Economy from 2000 to 2014 [EB/OL]. (2005-2014) [2015-06-17]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjcbw/ (in Chinese)
[23] Wischmeier WH,Smith DD. Rainfall energy and its relationship to soil loss. Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 1958, 39: 285-291
[24] Williams JR, Arnold JG. A system of erosion: Sediment yield models. Soil Technology, 1997, 11: 43-55
[25] Zhang LW, Fu BJ, Lyu YH, et al. Balancing multiple ecosystem services in conservation priority setting. Landscape Ecology, 2015, 30: 535-546
[26] Cai C-F (蔡崇法), Ding S-W (丁树文), Shi Z-H (史志华), et al. Study of applying USLE and geographical information system IDRISI to predict soil erosion in small watershed. Journal of soil and water Conservation (水土保持学报), 2000, 14(2): 19-24 (in Chinese)
[27] Lu J-Z (陆建忠), Chen X-L (陈晓玲), Li H (李辉), et al. Soil erosion changes based on GIS/RS and USLE in Poyang Lake basin. Transactions of the Chinese society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报), 2011, 27(2): 337-344 (in Chinese)
[28] Pan JH, Wen Y. Estimation of soil erosion using RUSLE in Caijiamiao watershed, China. Natural Hazards, 2014, 71: 2187-2205
[29] Wang Z (王钊), Li D-K (李登科). Spatial-temporal distribution of vegetation net primary productivity and its driving factors from 2000 to 2015 in Shaanxi, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2018, 29(6): 1876-1884 (in Chinese)
[30] Pan J-H (潘竟虎), Li Z (李真). Analysis on trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services in arid inland river basin. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报), 2017, 33(17): 280-289 (in Chinese)
[2] Costanza R, d’Arge R, de Groot R, et al. The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 1997, 387: 253-260
[3] Li S-C (李双成), Zhang C-Y (张才玉), Liu J-L (刘金龙), et al. The tradeoffs and synergies of ecosystem services: Research progress, development trend, and themes of geography. Geographical Research (地理研究), 2013, 32(8): 1379-1390 (in Chinese)
[4] Dai E-F (戴尔阜), Wang X-L (王晓莉), Zhu J-J (朱建佳), et al. Progress and perspective on ecosystem services trade-offs. Advances in Earth Science (地球科学进展), 2015, 30(11): 1250-1259 (in Chinese)
[5] Baral H, Keenan RJ, Sharma SK. Economic evaluation of ecosystem goods and services under different landscape management scenarios. Land Use Policy, 2014, 39: 54-64
[6] Dai E-F (戴尔阜),Wang X-L (王晓莉),Zhu J-J (朱建佳), et al. Methods, tools and research framework of ecosystem service trade-offs. Geographical Research (地理研究), 2016, 35(6): 1005-1016 (in Chinese)
[7] Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA). Ecosystem and Human Well-being: A Framework for Assessment. Washington DC: Island Press, 2005
[8] Fu B-J (傅伯杰), Yu D-D (于丹丹). Trade-off analyses and synthetic integrated method of multiple ecosystem services. Resources Science (资源科学), 2016, 38(1): 1-9 (in Chinese)
[9] Smith P, Ashmore MR, Black HIJ, et al. The role of ecosystems and their management in regulating climate,and soil,water and air quality. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 50: 812-829
[10] Turner KG, Odgaard MV, Bocher PK, et al. Bundling ecosystem services in Denmark: Trade-offs and synergies in a cultural landscape. Landscape & Urban Planning, 2014, 125: 89-104
[11] Bai Y, Zhuang C, Ouyang Z, et al. Spatial characteristics between biodiversity and ecosystem services in a human-dominated watershed. Ecological Complexity, 2011, 8: 177-183
[12] Fu B-J (傅伯杰), Yu D-D (于丹丹), Lyu N (吕楠). An indicator system for biodiversity and ecosystem services evaluation in China. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2017, 37(2): 341- 348 (in Chinese)
[13] Li J (李晶), Li H-Y (李红艳), Zhang L (张良). Ecosystem service trade-offs in the Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region of China. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2016, 36(10): 3053-3062 (in Chinese)
[14] Song Z-J (宋章建), Cao Y (曹宇), Tan Y-Z (谭永忠), et al. Land use and land cover change (LUCC) and landscape service: Evaluation, mapping and modeling. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2015, 26(5): 1594-1600 ( in Chinese)
[15] Wang P-T (王鹏涛), Zhang L-W (张立伟), Li Y-J (李英杰), et al. Spatio-temporal characteristics of the trade-off and synergy relationships among multiple ecosystem services in the upper reaches of Hanjiang River Basin. Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报), 2017, 72(11): 2064-2078 (in Chinese)
[16] Wu W-H (武文欢), Peng J (彭建), Liu Y-X (刘焱序), et al. Tradeoffs and synergies between ecosystem services in Ordos City. Progress in Geography (地理科学进展), 2017, 36(12): 1571-1581 (in Chinese)
[17] Tu X-S (涂小松), Long H-L (龙花楼). Spatial patterns and dynamic evolution of ecosystem service values in Poyang Lake Region from 2000 to 2010. Resources Science (资源科学), 2015, 37(12): 2451-2460 (in Chinese)
[18] Zhao Z-G (赵志刚),Yu D (余德), Han C-Y (韩成云), et al. Ecosystem services value prediction and driving forces in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2017, 37(24): 8411-8421 (in Chinese)
[19] China Meteorological Science Sharing Service Network (中国气象科学数据共享服务网). Daily Precipitation and Temperature Data in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2015 [EB/OL]. (2000-2015) [2018-04-16]. http://data.cma.cn/data/detail/dataCode/A.0 012.0001.html(in Chinese)
[20] Jiangxi Provincial Bureau of Statistics (江西省统计局). Jiangxi Statistical Yearbooks from 2004 to 2017 [EB/OL]. (2006-2016)[2018-04-16]. http://www.jxstj.gov.cn/resource/nj/2017CD/indexch.htm (in Chinese)
[21] Xu S-W (许世卫). The Study on the Food Development and Regional Comparison in China. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2001 (in Chinese)
[22] National Bureau of Statistics (国家统计局). China Statistical Yearbook for Regional Economy from 2000 to 2014 [EB/OL]. (2005-2014) [2015-06-17]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjcbw/ (in Chinese)
[23] Wischmeier WH,Smith DD. Rainfall energy and its relationship to soil loss. Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 1958, 39: 285-291
[24] Williams JR, Arnold JG. A system of erosion: Sediment yield models. Soil Technology, 1997, 11: 43-55
[25] Zhang LW, Fu BJ, Lyu YH, et al. Balancing multiple ecosystem services in conservation priority setting. Landscape Ecology, 2015, 30: 535-546
[26] Cai C-F (蔡崇法), Ding S-W (丁树文), Shi Z-H (史志华), et al. Study of applying USLE and geographical information system IDRISI to predict soil erosion in small watershed. Journal of soil and water Conservation (水土保持学报), 2000, 14(2): 19-24 (in Chinese)
[27] Lu J-Z (陆建忠), Chen X-L (陈晓玲), Li H (李辉), et al. Soil erosion changes based on GIS/RS and USLE in Poyang Lake basin. Transactions of the Chinese society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报), 2011, 27(2): 337-344 (in Chinese)
[28] Pan JH, Wen Y. Estimation of soil erosion using RUSLE in Caijiamiao watershed, China. Natural Hazards, 2014, 71: 2187-2205
[29] Wang Z (王钊), Li D-K (李登科). Spatial-temporal distribution of vegetation net primary productivity and its driving factors from 2000 to 2015 in Shaanxi, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2018, 29(6): 1876-1884 (in Chinese)
[30] Pan J-H (潘竟虎), Li Z (李真). Analysis on trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services in arid inland river basin. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报), 2017, 33(17): 280-289 (in Chinese)