基于遥感生态指数的神东矿区生态环境变化监测
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摘要
[目的]对矿区生态环境变化进行检测分析,为相关环境治理措施的制定提供科学依据。[方法]以神东矿区为研究对象,基于1989—2016年的Landsat影像,采用遥感生态指数(RSEI)动态监测神东矿区及各个主要矿井生态环境时空动态演变特征。[结果]①矿区尺度上,神东矿区的生态环境质量在逐渐提升,2015年的中等及其以上等级所占面积比例为59.2%,比1989年增长了23.7%;②矿井尺度上,不同矿井的生态环境质量存在差异,榆家梁矿井整体生态环境质量最优,乌兰木伦矿井的采区和锦界矿井的非采区生态环境质量最差,相较于采区而言,非采区的生态环境较好。[结论]神东矿区各矿井的RSEI均值总体呈增加趋势,表明矿区生态环境质量逐渐变好。
[Objective] To provide scientific basis for the formulation of relevant environmental control measures, this study investigated the ecological environment changes in mining area. [Methods] Based on Landsat images from 1989 to 2016, remote sensing ecological index(RSEI) was used to dynamically monitor the spatiotemporal variation characteristics in the Shendong mining area and its main mines. [Results] ① In mining area scale, the ecological environment quality improve gradually; the area with the middle and above level quality in 2015 accounted for 59.2% of the study area, and increased by 23.7% compared with the area in 1989. ② In mine scale, ecological environment qualities had differences among the different mines. The ecological environment quality in the Yujialiang mine was the best, while that in the Ulan Mulun mine and JinJie mine without mining were the worst. Compared with the ecological environment in the mining area, that in the area without mining was better. [Conclusion] The mean RSEI presented an overall increasing trend in each mine, which indicated that the ecological environmental quality became better gradually.
[Objective] To provide scientific basis for the formulation of relevant environmental control measures, this study investigated the ecological environment changes in mining area. [Methods] Based on Landsat images from 1989 to 2016, remote sensing ecological index(RSEI) was used to dynamically monitor the spatiotemporal variation characteristics in the Shendong mining area and its main mines. [Results] ① In mining area scale, the ecological environment quality improve gradually; the area with the middle and above level quality in 2015 accounted for 59.2% of the study area, and increased by 23.7% compared with the area in 1989. ② In mine scale, ecological environment qualities had differences among the different mines. The ecological environment quality in the Yujialiang mine was the best, while that in the Ulan Mulun mine and JinJie mine without mining were the worst. Compared with the ecological environment in the mining area, that in the area without mining was better. [Conclusion] The mean RSEI presented an overall increasing trend in each mine, which indicated that the ecological environmental quality became better gradually.
引文
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[22] 徐涵秋.城市遥感生态指数的创建及其应用[J].生态学报,2013,33(24):7853-7862.
[23] 刘英,侯恩科,岳辉.基于MODIS的神东矿区植被动态监测与趋势分析[J].国土资源遥感,2017,29(2):132-137.
[24] 王安.神东矿区生态环境综合防治体系构建及其效果[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(5):83-87.
[25] 刘英,吴立新,岳辉.基于梯度结构相似度的矿区土壤湿度空间分析[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2018,43(1):87-93.
[2] 孙亚军,张梦飞,高尚,等.典型高强度开采矿区保水采煤关键技术与实践[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):56-65.
[3] 杨俊哲,陈苏社,王义,等.神东矿区绿色开采技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(9):34-39.
[4] 钱丽萍.遥感技术在矿山环境动态监测中的应用研究[J].安全与环境工程,2008,15(4):5-9.
[5] Legg C A.Applications of remote sensing to environmental aspects of surface mining operations in the United Kingdom[M]//Remote sensing:an operational technology for the mining and petroleum industries.Springer Netherlands,1990.
[6] Sawaya K E,Olmanson L G,Heinert N J,et al.Extending satellite remote sensing to local scales:land and water resource monitoring using high-resolution imagery[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,88(1/2):144-156.
[7] Monjezi M,Shahriar K,Dehghani H,et al.Environmental impact assessment of open pit mining in Iran[J].Environmental Geology,2009,58(1):205-216.
[8] Schroeter L,Cornelia Gl?βer.Analyses and monitoring of lignite mining lakes in Eastern Germany with spectral signatures of Landsat TM satellite data[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2011,86(1):27-39.
[9] 孟岩,赵庚星.基于卫星遥感数据的河口区生态环境状况评价:以黄河三角洲垦利县为例[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(2):163-167.
[10] 叶有华,梁永贤,沈一青,等.《生态环境状况评价技术规范(试行)》中若干值得商榷的问题[J].热带地理,2009,29(4):404-406.
[11] 张媛.关于生态环境状况评价指标计算的问题与探讨[J].河北工业科技,2008,25(6):363-365.
[12] 徐涵秋.区域生态环境变化的遥感评价指数[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(5):889-897.
[13] 徐涵秋.水土流失区生态变化的遥感评估[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(7):91-97.
[14] 李粉玲,常庆瑞,申健,等.黄土高原沟壑区生态环境状况遥感动态监测:以陕西省富县为例[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(12):3811-3817.
[15] 罗春,刘辉,戚陆越.基于遥感指数的生态变化评估:以常宁市为例[J].国土资源遥感,2014,26(4):145-150.
[16] 刘智才,徐涵秋,李乐,等.基于遥感生态指数的杭州市城市生态变化[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(4):728-739.
[17] 宋慧敏,薛亮.基于遥感生态指数模型的渭南市生态环境质量动态监测与分析[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(12):3913-3919.
[18] Baig M H A,Zhang L,Shuai T,et al.Derivation of a tasselled cap transformation based on Landsat 8 at-satellite reflectance[J].Remote Sensing Letters,2014,5(5):9.
[19] Goward S N,Xue Y,Czajkowski K P.Evaluating land surface moisture conditions from the remotely sensed temperature/vegetation index measurements[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2002,79(2):225-242.
[20] Nichol J .Remote sensing of urban heat islands by day and night[J].Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing,2005,71(5):613-622.
[21] Xu Hanqiu.A new index for delineating built-up land features in satellite imagery[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,29(14):8.
[22] 徐涵秋.城市遥感生态指数的创建及其应用[J].生态学报,2013,33(24):7853-7862.
[23] 刘英,侯恩科,岳辉.基于MODIS的神东矿区植被动态监测与趋势分析[J].国土资源遥感,2017,29(2):132-137.
[24] 王安.神东矿区生态环境综合防治体系构建及其效果[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(5):83-87.
[25] 刘英,吴立新,岳辉.基于梯度结构相似度的矿区土壤湿度空间分析[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2018,43(1):87-93.