薄互层火成岩地震响应特征及厚度预测
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摘要
渤海地区B油田在古近系目的层段内广泛发育多种岩相的火成岩,这种喷发型为主的火成岩多以薄互层形式存在,但其厚度具有不均匀性,横向变化较大,准确描述火成岩厚度分布对后续井位部署和储量评价均具有至关重要的作用。对油田范围内已钻井火成岩厚度及组合规律进行分析,认为对油田勘探开发影响较大的是薄互层形式的溢流相火成岩,系统研究薄互层形式下的组合结构、毛厚度、及净毛比3种因素对火成岩地震响应特征的影响,并通过实际数据建立了不同的分析模型,认为净毛比是振幅响应的主控因素,利用实际子波正演建立净毛比和响应振幅的关系,并采用约束稀疏脉冲反演方法对区域范围内的火成岩厚度进行预测,结果显示,预测厚度与实钻厚度吻合较好,有利于定量化研究火成岩对下伏构造的影响程度。该研究成果对后续勘探及储量评价具有较好的指导意义。
Igneous rocks are widely developed in Paleogene in B oilfield of Bohai Sea area. The igneous rocks dominated by eruption mainly exist in the form of thin interbeds,and their lateral thickness varies largely. It is very important to accurately describe the thickness distribution of igneous rocks for well location deployment and reserves evaluation. Based on the known thickness distribution and combination law of igneous rocks in drilled wells,it is considered that overflow igneous rocks in the form of thin interbeds have a great influence on oil field exploration and development. The influencing factors such as combination,total thickness and igneous rock ratio were systematically studied,which lead to different seismic response characteristics of thin interbedded igneous rocks. Based on real data,different analysis models were established to demonstrate the influences of the three factors. It is considered that igneous rock ratio is the main controlling factor affecting the amplitude of seismic response. Relationship between igneous rock ratios and amplitude was established by using actual wavelet forward modeling,and the thickness of thin-interbed igneous rocks was predicted using constrained sparse pulse inversion.The result shows that the predicted thickness is in good agreement with actual drilling thickness,so this method is helpful to quantitatively study the influence of igneous rocks on underlying structures. The research results have good guiding significance for further exploration and reserves evaluation.
Igneous rocks are widely developed in Paleogene in B oilfield of Bohai Sea area. The igneous rocks dominated by eruption mainly exist in the form of thin interbeds,and their lateral thickness varies largely. It is very important to accurately describe the thickness distribution of igneous rocks for well location deployment and reserves evaluation. Based on the known thickness distribution and combination law of igneous rocks in drilled wells,it is considered that overflow igneous rocks in the form of thin interbeds have a great influence on oil field exploration and development. The influencing factors such as combination,total thickness and igneous rock ratio were systematically studied,which lead to different seismic response characteristics of thin interbedded igneous rocks. Based on real data,different analysis models were established to demonstrate the influences of the three factors. It is considered that igneous rock ratio is the main controlling factor affecting the amplitude of seismic response. Relationship between igneous rock ratios and amplitude was established by using actual wavelet forward modeling,and the thickness of thin-interbed igneous rocks was predicted using constrained sparse pulse inversion.The result shows that the predicted thickness is in good agreement with actual drilling thickness,so this method is helpful to quantitatively study the influence of igneous rocks on underlying structures. The research results have good guiding significance for further exploration and reserves evaluation.
引文
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[13]谢家莹,陶奎元.中国东南大陆中生代火山地质及火山-侵入杂岩.北京:地质出版社,1996:40-71.XIE J Y,TAO K Y.Mesozoic volcanic geology and volcanoes of southeastern China.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996:40-71.
[14]王璞珺,迟元林,刘万洙,等.松辽盆地火山岩相类型、特征和储层意义.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(4):449-456.WANG P J,CHI Y L,LIU W Z,et al.Volcanic facies of the Songliao Basin:Classification,characteristics and reservoir significance.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2003,33(4):449-456.
[15]孔垂显,邱子刚,卢志远,等.准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火山岩岩体划分.岩性油气藏,2017,29(6):15-22.KONG C X,QIU Z G,LU Z Y,et al.Division of Carboniferous volcanic rock mass in eastern Junggar Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(6):15-22.
[16]何贤英,刘勇,许学龙,等.西泉地区石炭系火山岩储层主控因素及有利储层预测.岩性油气藏,2017,29(3):42-51.HE X Y,LIU Y,XU X L,et al.Controlling factors of Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs and favorable reservoir prediction in Xiquan area,Junggar Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(3):42-51.
[17]林承焰,梁昌国,任丽华,等.碎屑岩潜山沉积相及其与裂缝发育的关系.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(4):1-6.LIN C Y,LIANG C G,REN L H,et al.Sedimentary facies and relation to degree of fracture development of clastic buried hills.Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2008,32(4):1-6.
[18]白晓寅,韩长春,贺永红,等.银额盆地哈日凹陷火成岩发育特征及其成藏作用.岩性油气藏,2018,30(6):18-26.BAI X Y,HAN C C,HE Y H,et al.Development characteristics of igneous rocks and its role in hydrocarbon accumulation in Hari Sag,Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(6):18-26.
[2]邹才能,赵文智,贾承造,等.中国沉积盆地火山岩油气藏形成与分布.石油勘探与开发,2008,35(3):257-271.ZOU C N,ZHAO W Z,JIA C Z,et al.Formation and distribution of volcanic reservoirs in China's sedimentary basins.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(3):257-271.
[3]郭涛,杨波,陈磊,等.岩浆岩三维精细刻画:黄河口凹陷南斜坡渤中34-9油田的发现.中国海上油气,2016,28(2):71-77.GUO T,YANG B,CHEN L,et al.3D fine description of magmatic rocks:The discovery of BZ 34-9 oilfield in the southern slope of Huanghekou Sag.China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(2):71-77.
[4]吴庆勋,王粤川,韦阿娟,等.渤海海域中生代火山岩喷发旋回划分及与油气的关系.中国海上油气,2017,29(2):18-26.WU Q X,WANG Y C,WEI A J,et al.Division of Mesozoic volcanic rock eruption cycle and its relationship with oil and gas in the Bohai sea.China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(2):18-26.
[5]武强,王应斌,张中巧,等.歧中北-沙西火成岩形成机制及油气地质意义.断块油气田,2012,19(4):467-471.WU Q,WANG Y B,ZHANG Z Q,et al.Formation mechanism of igneous rock and its geological significance in QizhongbeiShaxi area.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2012,19(4):467-471.
[6]田晓平,陈国成,杨庆红,等.渤海海域古近系碎屑岩储层展布定量研究.中国海上油气,2016,28(2):71-77.TIAN X P,CHEN G C,YANG Q H,et al.A quantitative study on distribution of Paleogene clastic reservoir in Bohai water.China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(2):71-77.
[7]简晓玲,刘金萍,王改云,等.北黄海盆地东部坳陷火成岩地震相识别与分布预测.海洋地质前沿,2014,30(11):314-319.JIAN X L,LIU J P,WANG G Y,et al.The Meso-Cenozoic structural styles of the eastern depression in the North Yellow Sea Basin.Marine Geology Frontiers,2014,30(11):314-319.
[8]张玉芬.影响薄互层地震反射波特征因素分析.地质科技情报,1998,17(3):101-106.ZHANG Y F.Factors analysis affecting seismic reflection characteristics of thin interbedding.Geological Science and Technology Information,1998,17(3):101-106.
[9]孙淑艳,李艳菊,彭莉,等.火成岩地震识别及构造描述方法研究.特种油气藏,2003,10(1):47-54.SUN S Y,LI Y J,PENG L,et al.Study on seismic identification and structure description of igneous rock.Special Oil and Gas Reservoir,2003,10(1):47-54.
[10]黄玉龙,单俊峰,边伟华,等.辽河坳陷中基性火成岩相分类及储集意义.石油勘探与开发,2014,41(6):671-680.HUANG Y L,SHAN J F,BIAN W H,et al.Classification and reservoir significance of medium-based igneous facies in Liaohe depression.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(6):671-680.
[11]CAS R A F,WRIGHT J V.Volcanic successions modern and ancient.London:Allen&Unwin,1987:59-333.
[12]金伯禄,张希友.长白山火山地质研究.长春:东北朝鲜民族教育出版社,1994:40-49.JIN B L,ZHANG X Y.Study on volcanic geology of Changbai Mountain.Changchun:Northeast Korean National Education Press,1994:40-49.
[13]谢家莹,陶奎元.中国东南大陆中生代火山地质及火山-侵入杂岩.北京:地质出版社,1996:40-71.XIE J Y,TAO K Y.Mesozoic volcanic geology and volcanoes of southeastern China.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996:40-71.
[14]王璞珺,迟元林,刘万洙,等.松辽盆地火山岩相类型、特征和储层意义.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(4):449-456.WANG P J,CHI Y L,LIU W Z,et al.Volcanic facies of the Songliao Basin:Classification,characteristics and reservoir significance.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2003,33(4):449-456.
[15]孔垂显,邱子刚,卢志远,等.准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火山岩岩体划分.岩性油气藏,2017,29(6):15-22.KONG C X,QIU Z G,LU Z Y,et al.Division of Carboniferous volcanic rock mass in eastern Junggar Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(6):15-22.
[16]何贤英,刘勇,许学龙,等.西泉地区石炭系火山岩储层主控因素及有利储层预测.岩性油气藏,2017,29(3):42-51.HE X Y,LIU Y,XU X L,et al.Controlling factors of Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs and favorable reservoir prediction in Xiquan area,Junggar Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(3):42-51.
[17]林承焰,梁昌国,任丽华,等.碎屑岩潜山沉积相及其与裂缝发育的关系.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(4):1-6.LIN C Y,LIANG C G,REN L H,et al.Sedimentary facies and relation to degree of fracture development of clastic buried hills.Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2008,32(4):1-6.
[18]白晓寅,韩长春,贺永红,等.银额盆地哈日凹陷火成岩发育特征及其成藏作用.岩性油气藏,2018,30(6):18-26.BAI X Y,HAN C C,HE Y H,et al.Development characteristics of igneous rocks and its role in hydrocarbon accumulation in Hari Sag,Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(6):18-26.
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