基于氮钾二因子饱和D最优设计的迁葫1号施肥效果研究
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摘要
以迁葫1号西葫芦为研究对象,采用氮钾二因子饱和D最优设计,研究了不同氮钾肥料施用量对西葫芦产量品质的影响,建立了产量和品质的回归模型,以明确迁葫1号的最优施肥方案。结果表明:增施氮肥更有利于西葫芦产量的提高,钾素施用量的大小是影响西葫芦品质指标的主要因素;N、K_2O对西葫芦产量和品质的互作效应明显;通过效应函数的频率分析寻优可知,当西葫芦目标产量超过5300 kg/667 m~2、置信区间为95%时,氮钾肥料优化施肥量为施氮24.13～43.30 kg/667 m~2、施钾24.68～63.20 kg/667 m~2;利用回归分析软件求得方程最优解,施氮32.73 kg/667 m~2、施钾40 kg/667 m~2,产量最高,为5504.55/667 m~2;当品质得分超过70分、置信区间为95%时,优化施肥量为施氮6.70～39.92 kg/667 m~2、施钾36.71～56.81 kg/667 m~2;利用回归分析软件求得方程最优解,施氮16.36 kg/667 m~2、施钾47.64 kg/667 m~2,品质得分最高,为75.70分。
The pumpkin(Cucubita pepo L.) variety "Qianhu 1" was taken as the research object, the two-factor saturated D-optimal design was adopted to study the impacts of different application rates of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on the yield and quality of pumpkin, and the regression models of pumpkin yield and quality were established to ascertain the optimal fertilization scheme for "Qianhu 1". The results showed that: the increase in nitrogen fertilizer application rate was more beneficial to the improvement of pumpkin yield, and the application rate of potassium fertilizer was the main factor affecting the quality indexes of pumpkin; the interaction effect of N and K_2O on the yield and quality of pumpkin was obvious. The optimization results obtained by the frequency analysis of effect functions indicated that: when the target yield of pumpkin exceeded 5300.00 kg/667 m~2, the optimal application rate of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was 24.13～43.30 and 24.68～63.20 kg/667 m~2(95% confidence interval), respectively. By using regression analysis software, the optimal solutions of yield and quality regression equations were obtained as follows: when 32.73 kg/667 m~2 nitrogen and 40.00 kg/667 m~2 potassium were applied, the pumpkin yield was the highest(5504.55/667 m~2); when the quality score of pumpkin was more than 70.00, the optimized application rate of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was 6.70～39.92 and 36.71～56.81 kg/667 m~2(95% confidence interval), respectively; when 16.36 kg/667 m~2 nitrogen and 47.64 kg/667 m~2 potassium were applied, the pumpkin quality had the highest score(75.70).
The pumpkin(Cucubita pepo L.) variety "Qianhu 1" was taken as the research object, the two-factor saturated D-optimal design was adopted to study the impacts of different application rates of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on the yield and quality of pumpkin, and the regression models of pumpkin yield and quality were established to ascertain the optimal fertilization scheme for "Qianhu 1". The results showed that: the increase in nitrogen fertilizer application rate was more beneficial to the improvement of pumpkin yield, and the application rate of potassium fertilizer was the main factor affecting the quality indexes of pumpkin; the interaction effect of N and K_2O on the yield and quality of pumpkin was obvious. The optimization results obtained by the frequency analysis of effect functions indicated that: when the target yield of pumpkin exceeded 5300.00 kg/667 m~2, the optimal application rate of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was 24.13～43.30 and 24.68～63.20 kg/667 m~2(95% confidence interval), respectively. By using regression analysis software, the optimal solutions of yield and quality regression equations were obtained as follows: when 32.73 kg/667 m~2 nitrogen and 40.00 kg/667 m~2 potassium were applied, the pumpkin yield was the highest(5504.55/667 m~2); when the quality score of pumpkin was more than 70.00, the optimized application rate of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was 6.70～39.92 and 36.71～56.81 kg/667 m~2(95% confidence interval), respectively; when 16.36 kg/667 m~2 nitrogen and 47.64 kg/667 m~2 potassium were applied, the pumpkin quality had the highest score(75.70).
引文
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[7] 聂大杭,梁青,张艳龙,等.不同氮肥用量对番茄养分含量、分布及产量的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,36(2):31-34.
[8] 诸海焘,徐四新,余廷园,等.不同氮钾用量对设施西瓜产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(13):54-56.
[9] 王祝余,孙国跃.氮钾肥料配施对青花菜产量和品质的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2017(22):71-75.
[10] 孙晓琦,陈茂学,杜栋良,等.氮、钾营养对日光温室黄瓜风味品质的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007(3):182-190.
[2] 祖艳群,林克惠.氮钾营养的交互作用及其对作物产量和品质的影响[J].土壤肥料,2000(2):3-7.
[3] 高洪泽.运用Excel建立二次饱和D-最优设计回归模型[J].现代农业科技,2010(22):20-21.
[4] 张永成.饱和D最优设计方法在农业试验中的应用[J].中国马铃薯,1997(3):44-49.
[5] 刘正民,郭素娟,徐丞,等.基于饱和D-最优设计的燕山早丰施肥研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(1):70-77.
[6] 陈修斌,邹志荣,姚静,等.日光温室西葫芦水肥耦合效应量化指标研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2004(3):49-52,58.
[7] 聂大杭,梁青,张艳龙,等.不同氮肥用量对番茄养分含量、分布及产量的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,36(2):31-34.
[8] 诸海焘,徐四新,余廷园,等.不同氮钾用量对设施西瓜产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(13):54-56.
[9] 王祝余,孙国跃.氮钾肥料配施对青花菜产量和品质的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2017(22):71-75.
[10] 孙晓琦,陈茂学,杜栋良,等.氮、钾营养对日光温室黄瓜风味品质的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007(3):182-190.