新疆棉农残膜回收行为影响因素及实证研究——基于棉农的调研数据
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摘要
[目的]为响应农业农村部"农业绿色发展五大行动",加强农业面源污染防治,缓解新疆棉田残膜危害,基于新疆棉农的问卷调查研究棉农的残膜回收行为。[方法]采用描述性统计和Logistic回归模型分析影响新疆棉农残膜回收行为的因素。[结果](1)新疆农用地膜回收率低,地膜污染形势严峻。(2)棉农对残膜危害认知缺乏,对残膜回收的间接价值认识不足,影响新疆残膜回收效率。(3)残膜回收的成本收益是影响棉农残膜回收行为的关键因素,其他如棉农年龄、种棉年限、对残膜危害的认知等自身特征,以及农户劳动力数量、政府对残膜污染的关注程度等因素对棉农的残膜回收行为有重要影响。[结论]网络及电视广播等现代媒体对棉农的残膜危害认知水平有较大影响,棉农更愿意采用成本更节约的焚烧、堆地的残膜处理方式。因此提出引导棉农残膜回收、提高棉田残膜回收效率的对策建议。
In response to the " five actions of agriculture green development" proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture,to strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control,and to alleviate the harm of cotton film residue in Xinjiang cotton field. The residual film recovery behavior of the cotton planters was studied based on the questionnaire survey of the cotton planters in Xinjiang. Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the factors affecting the recovery behavior of the cotton planters in Xinjiang. The results showed that (1) The recovery rate of agricultural mulching film in Xinjiang was low,and the situation of film pollution was severe. (2) The cotton planters were short of cognition about residual film damage and lacked of understanding of indirect value of residual film recovery,which affected the efficiency of residual film recovery in Xinjiang. (3) The cost and income of residual film recovery were the key factor affecting the recovery behavior of the cotton planters,other factors such as the age of the cotton planters,the years of cotton planting,the cognition of residual film damage,the number of farm labors and the government's attention to the residual film pollution had an important influence on the recovery behavior of the cotton planters. Modern media such as network and television broadcasting have a great impact on the cognition level of the cotton planters residual film harm,a less costly way of handling residual film such as burning and piling up in the ground is more willing to adopt by the cotton planters. Therefore,the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to guide the cotton planters to recover the residual film and improve the recovery efficiency of residual film in cotton field.
In response to the " five actions of agriculture green development" proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture,to strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control,and to alleviate the harm of cotton film residue in Xinjiang cotton field. The residual film recovery behavior of the cotton planters was studied based on the questionnaire survey of the cotton planters in Xinjiang. Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the factors affecting the recovery behavior of the cotton planters in Xinjiang. The results showed that (1) The recovery rate of agricultural mulching film in Xinjiang was low,and the situation of film pollution was severe. (2) The cotton planters were short of cognition about residual film damage and lacked of understanding of indirect value of residual film recovery,which affected the efficiency of residual film recovery in Xinjiang. (3) The cost and income of residual film recovery were the key factor affecting the recovery behavior of the cotton planters,other factors such as the age of the cotton planters,the years of cotton planting,the cognition of residual film damage,the number of farm labors and the government's attention to the residual film pollution had an important influence on the recovery behavior of the cotton planters. Modern media such as network and television broadcasting have a great impact on the cognition level of the cotton planters residual film harm,a less costly way of handling residual film such as burning and piling up in the ground is more willing to adopt by the cotton planters. Therefore,the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to guide the cotton planters to recover the residual film and improve the recovery efficiency of residual film in cotton field.
引文
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[17]张灿强,杜珉,刘锐,等.农户生产行为的资源环境影响及相关对策建议---基于对全国棉农的问卷调查.经济研究参考,2015(28):82-86.
[18]何文清,严昌荣,赵彩霞,等.我国地膜应用污染现状及其防治途径研究.农业环境科学学报,2009,28(3):533-538.
[19]邢美华,张俊飚,黄光体.未参与循环农业农户的环保认知及其影响因素分析---基于晋、鄂两省的调查.中国农村经济,2009(4):72-79.
[20]正华,张俊飚,许志祥,等.农村生活环境整治中农户认知与行为响应研究---以洞庭湖湿地保护区水稻主产区为例.农业技术经济,2013(2):72-79.
[21]NOTANI A S.Moderators of perceived behavioral control's productiveness in the theory of planned behavior:a meta-analysis.Journal of Consumer Psychology.1998,7(3):247-271.
[2]国家统计局农村社会经济调查司.中国农村统计年鉴-2017.北京:中国统计出版社,2018.
[3]段小红,王化俊.甘肃省粮食综合生产能力不同阶段的影响因素分析.中国农业资源与区划,2011,32(6):50-55.
[4]刘帅,沈兴兴,张震,等.基于成本效益分析的地膜回收政策研究---以甘肃省景泰县为例.中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(3):148-154.
[5]周传豹.影响农户地膜回收行为因素的实证研究---基于新疆地区的调查数据.江苏农业科学,2014(7):463-466.
[6]中华人民共和国农业部.农业部关于实施农业绿色发展五大行动的通知[EB/OL].(2017-04-26)[2018-04-20]http://www.moa.gov.cn/govpublic/BGT/201704/t20170426_5584189.htm.
[7]张佳喜,杨程,郭俊先,等.滚刀式青贮玉米起茬及残膜回收联合作业机的设计与试验.农业工程学报,2018,34(6):25-34.
[8]刘进宝,郑炫,赵岩,等.新型杆齿滚筒式残膜捡拾机构的设计与试验.干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(6):300-306.
[9]薛颖昊,曹肆林,徐志宇,等.地膜残留污染防控技术现状及发展趋势.农业环境科学学报,2017,36(8):1595-1600.
[10]白云龙,李晓龙,张胜,等.内蒙古地膜残留污染现状及残膜回收利用对策研究.中国土壤与肥料,2015(6):139-145.
[11]严昌荣,刘恩科,舒帆,等.我国地膜覆盖和残留污染特点与防控技术.农业资源与环境学报,2014,31(2):95-102.
[12]E K Liu,W Q He,C R Yan.‘White revolution’to‘white pollution’-agricultural plastic film mulch in China.Environmental Research Letters,2014,9(9).
[13]KOITABASHI M,NOGUCHI M T,SAMESHIMA-YAMASHITAY,et al.Degradation of Biodegradable Plastic Mulch Films in Soil Environment by Phylloplane Fungi Isolated From Gramineous Plants.AMB Express,2012,2(1):40.
[14]周明冬,王祥金,董合干,等.不同厚度地膜覆盖棉花的经济效益和残膜回收分析.干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(10):121-125.
[15]马瑛.新疆棉花生产性废弃物处理方式的影响因素分析.中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(1):23-29.
[16]袁平.农业污染及其综合防控的环境经济学研究.北京:中国农业科学院,2008.
[17]张灿强,杜珉,刘锐,等.农户生产行为的资源环境影响及相关对策建议---基于对全国棉农的问卷调查.经济研究参考,2015(28):82-86.
[18]何文清,严昌荣,赵彩霞,等.我国地膜应用污染现状及其防治途径研究.农业环境科学学报,2009,28(3):533-538.
[19]邢美华,张俊飚,黄光体.未参与循环农业农户的环保认知及其影响因素分析---基于晋、鄂两省的调查.中国农村经济,2009(4):72-79.
[20]正华,张俊飚,许志祥,等.农村生活环境整治中农户认知与行为响应研究---以洞庭湖湿地保护区水稻主产区为例.农业技术经济,2013(2):72-79.
[21]NOTANI A S.Moderators of perceived behavioral control's productiveness in the theory of planned behavior:a meta-analysis.Journal of Consumer Psychology.1998,7(3):247-271.