京津冀农民专业合作社时空演化及影响因素解析
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摘要
农民专业合作社是推进我国乡村振兴、精准扶贫战略以及实现小农户与农业现代化发展有机衔接的重要力量。基于"过程-格局-机理"思维,对2007—2013年京津冀13个地市种植业、养殖业、供销与农机专业合作社的时空演化特征及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明:京津冀种植业、养殖业、供销与农机专业合作社数量总体上呈逐年增长趋势,合作社数量与增长速度均为种植业>养殖业>供销>农机;种植业与养殖业专业合作社呈现"两核一带"空间格局,供销与农机专业合作社分布的梯度特征明显,合作社数量为中部>南部>北部,四类农民专业合作社分布均存在明显的空间负相关性;空间误差模型对种植业与供销专业合作社有更好的拟合效果,空间滞后模型对养殖业与农机专业合作社有更好的拟合效果;地理因素、经济发展水平、第一产业发展水平对四类专业合作社的发展均有显著的正向影响;市场需求对种植业、养殖业合作社影响最大,第一产业发展水平对供销、农机合作社影响最大。
Farmers′ professional cooperatives are important for promoting rural revitalization and precise poverty alleviation strategies and realizing the organic connection between small farmers and agricultural modernization. On the basis of "process-pattern-mechanism" thinking, we analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of planting industry, aquaculture industry, supply & marketing, and agricultural machinery professional cooperatives in 13 cities in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei from 2007 to 2013. The number of planting, aquaculture, supply & marketing, and agricultural machinery professional cooperatives in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei showed an increasing trend year by year, and the number and growth rate of cooperatives were as follows: planting industry > aquaculture industry > supply & marketing > agricultural machinery. The planting and aquaculture professional cooperatives presented the spatial pattern of "two cores and one belt". The distribution of supply & marketing and agricultural machinery professional cooperatives showed obvious gradient characteristics, and the number of cooperatives was as follows: central > southern > northern. Obvious spatial negative correlations were detected among the four types of professional cooperatives. The spatial error model for the planting and supply & marketing professional cooperatives had a better fit, and the spatial lag model for the aquaculture industry and agricultural machinery professional cooperatives had a better fit. Geographical factors, economic development level, and development level of the primary industry all had significant positive impacts on the development of the four types of professional cooperatives. Market demand had the greatest impact on the planting and aquaculture cooperatives, and development level of the primary industry had the greatest impact on the supply & marketing and agricultural machinery cooperatives.
Farmers′ professional cooperatives are important for promoting rural revitalization and precise poverty alleviation strategies and realizing the organic connection between small farmers and agricultural modernization. On the basis of "process-pattern-mechanism" thinking, we analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of planting industry, aquaculture industry, supply & marketing, and agricultural machinery professional cooperatives in 13 cities in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei from 2007 to 2013. The number of planting, aquaculture, supply & marketing, and agricultural machinery professional cooperatives in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei showed an increasing trend year by year, and the number and growth rate of cooperatives were as follows: planting industry > aquaculture industry > supply & marketing > agricultural machinery. The planting and aquaculture professional cooperatives presented the spatial pattern of "two cores and one belt". The distribution of supply & marketing and agricultural machinery professional cooperatives showed obvious gradient characteristics, and the number of cooperatives was as follows: central > southern > northern. Obvious spatial negative correlations were detected among the four types of professional cooperatives. The spatial error model for the planting and supply & marketing professional cooperatives had a better fit, and the spatial lag model for the aquaculture industry and agricultural machinery professional cooperatives had a better fit. Geographical factors, economic development level, and development level of the primary industry all had significant positive impacts on the development of the four types of professional cooperatives. Market demand had the greatest impact on the planting and aquaculture cooperatives, and development level of the primary industry had the greatest impact on the supply & marketing and agricultural machinery cooperatives.
引文
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[2] 秦愚. 农业合作社的资本问题——基于相关理论与实践的思考. 农业经济问题, 2015, 36(7): 60- 72, 111- 111.
[3] 关锐捷. 今年中央一号文件首次提出农民合作社. (2013-02-01) [2018- 12- 13]. https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/529470182.html.
[4] 张红宇. 促进农民合作社跨越式发展. 农民日报, 2017- 10- 10.
[5] 叶贞琴. 发展农业产业化联合体促进乡村振兴. (2017- 11-06) [2018- 12- 13]. http://www.farmer.com.cn/jjpd/hyyw/201711/t20171106_1334730.htm.
[6] 张照新. 2018年,农民合作社在乡村振兴中的作用可期. (2018-01- 27) [2018- 12- 13]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1590737805630903700&wfr=spider&for=pc.
[7] 任智超. 开启一年新征程!如何培育新型农业经营主体,这份报告帮你划重点. (2018-02- 23) [2018- 12- 13]. http://jining.iqilu.com/jnyaowen/2018/0813/4014617.shtml.
[8] 高海. 《农民专业合作社法》的改进与完善建议. 农业经济问题, 2018, (5): 43- 52.
[9] Hermann A J. The Illinois agricultural cooperative act: the possibility of and procedure for denying the voting rights of stockholders. University of Illinois Law Review, 2002, (4): 1177- 1208.
[10] 徐旭初. 农民专业合作组织立法的制度导向辨析——以《浙江省农民专业合作社条例》为例. 中国农村经济, 2005, (6): 19- 24.
[11] 赵晓峰. 信任建构、制度变迁与农民合作组织发展——一个农民合作社规范化发展的策略与实践. 中国农村观察, 2018, (1): 14- 27.
[12] 周振, 孔祥智. 资产专用性、谈判实力与农业产业化组织利益分配——基于农民合作社的多案例研究. 中国软科学, 2017, (7): 28- 41.
[13] 余磊.浅析农村农业合作社的财务管理问题——兼评《农民专业合作社财务管理与会计》[J].农业经济问题,2018(07):143- 144.
[14] Martin S, Alvarez I, Kant J D. Micro/Macro Viability Analysis of Individual-Based Models: Investigation into the Viability of a Stylized Agricultural Cooperative. New York, NY, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015.
[15] 苏昕, 周升师, 张辉. 农民专业合作社“双网络”治理研究——基于案例的比较分析. 农业经济问题, 2018, (3): 67- 77.
[16] Bardsley D K, Bardsley A M. Organising for socio-ecological resilience: the roles of the mountain farmer cooperative Genossenschaft Gran Alpin in Graubünden, Switzerland. Ecological Economics, 2014, 98: 11- 21.
[17] 管珊, 万江红, 钟涨宝. 农民专业合作社的网络化治理——基于鄂东H合作社的案例研究. 中国农村观察, 2015, (5): 31- 38.
[18] 秦愚. 利用新集体行动理论揭示农民合作社制度. 农业经济问题, 2018, (3): 33- 45.
[19] 管洪彦, 孔祥智. 农民专业合作社法人财产权: 规范解释与修法思路. 农业经济问题, 2017, (5): 4- 14,110- 110.
[20] 刘冬文. 农民专业合作社融资困境: 理论解释与案例分析. 农业经济问题, 2018, (3): 78- 86.
[21] 余丽燕, Nilsson J. 农民合作社资本约束: 基于社会资本理论视角. 中国农村观察, 2017, (5): 87- 101.
[22] 韦克游. 农民专业合作社信贷融资治理结构研究——基于交易费用理论的视角. 农业经济问题, 2013, (5): 62- 69.
[23] Zhu Q Y, Wachenheim C J, Ma Z Y, Zhu C. Supply chain re-engineering: a case study of the Tonghui Agricultural Cooperative in Inner Mongolia. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 2017, 21(1): 133- 160.
[24] Idris N, Fatimah M, Arshad A, Radam N A, Ali N A. Agricultural cooperative supply chain management in Malaysia. Acta Horticulturae, 2011, 895: 137- 143.
[25] 应瑞瑶, 朱哲毅, 徐志刚. 中国农民专业合作社为什么选择“不规范”. 农业经济问题, 2017, (11): 4- 13, 110- 110.
[26] 徐旭初, 吴彬. 异化抑或创新?——对中国农民合作社特殊性的理论思考. 中国农村经济, 2017, (12): 2- 17.
[27] 刘骏, 张颖聪, 艾靓. 农民专业合作社的真伪之争: 分歧的焦点与原因. 农业经济题, 2017, (7): 16- 23, 110- 110.
[28] 李云新, 王晓璇. 农民专业合作社行为扭曲现象及其解释. 农业经济问题, 2017, (4): 14- 22, 110- 110.
[29] 崔宝玉, 高钰玲, 简鹏. “四重”嵌入与农民专业合作社“去内卷化”. 农业经济问题, 2017, (8): 25- 34, 110- 110.
[30] 赵晓峰, 邢成举. 农民合作社与精准扶贫协同发展机制构建: 理论逻辑与实践路径. 农业经济问题, 2016, (4): 23- 29, 110- 110.
[31] 刘俊文. 农民专业合作社对贫困农户收入及其稳定性的影响——以山东、贵州两省为例. 中国农村经济, 2017, (2): 44- 55.
[32] Yuliando H, Erma K N, Cahyo S A, Supartono W. The strengthening factors of tea farmer cooperative: case of Indonesian tea industry. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 2015, 3: 143- 148.
[33] 孙亚范, 余海鹏. 农民专业合作社成员合作意愿及影响因素分析. 中国农村经济, 2012, (6): 48- 58, 71- 71.
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