小花蝽在不同植物上的种群密度
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摘要
2010―2016年通过人工栽培小区试验,系统调查了33科152种植物上小花蝽复合种群发生动态。多年调查结果表明:除黄柴胡外,其余151种植物上均有小花蝽发生,但小花蝽的种群密度在不同调查年度的植物种类上差异较大。小花蝽种群发生密度最高的植物是蓝蓟,其次是芥菜、硫华菊、荞麦、紫花苜蓿、红麻、陆地棉等有大量蚜虫及开花周期较长的植物。本研究明确了农田生境中小花蝽发生密度较高的候选功能植物,为下一步利用植物多样性促进农田小花蝽种群的保育及控害功能提供科学依据。
We monitored the occurrence of Orius spp. on 152 plant species belong to 33 families in field plots from 2010 to 2016. The Orius spp. was recorded on 151 plant species except for Bupleurum falcatum. The density of Orius spp. varied greatly between years and plant species. Echium vulgare supported the highest density of Orius spp., other plants such as mustard Brassica juncea, sulfur cosmos Cosmos sulphureus,buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum, alfalfa Medicago sativa, kenaf Hibiscus cannabinus, and cotton Gossypium hirsutum also supported higher Orius spp. populations. These plants harbored high aphid densities and maintained relatively longer flowering periods, which might have provided sufficient preys and nutrition to Orius spp. The study provides an insight into using functional plants to support predatory Orius spp. and enhance their potential biocontrol services on insect pests in agricultural ecosystem.
We monitored the occurrence of Orius spp. on 152 plant species belong to 33 families in field plots from 2010 to 2016. The Orius spp. was recorded on 151 plant species except for Bupleurum falcatum. The density of Orius spp. varied greatly between years and plant species. Echium vulgare supported the highest density of Orius spp., other plants such as mustard Brassica juncea, sulfur cosmos Cosmos sulphureus,buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum, alfalfa Medicago sativa, kenaf Hibiscus cannabinus, and cotton Gossypium hirsutum also supported higher Orius spp. populations. These plants harbored high aphid densities and maintained relatively longer flowering periods, which might have provided sufficient preys and nutrition to Orius spp. The study provides an insight into using functional plants to support predatory Orius spp. and enhance their potential biocontrol services on insect pests in agricultural ecosystem.
引文
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[5]黄增玉,黄林茂,黄寿山.两种猎物对南方小花蝽种群增长的影响及其对二斑叶螨的控害潜能[J].生态学报,2011,31(10):2947-2952.
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[17]Cocuzza,G E,Clercq D E,Veire M V D,et al.Reproduction of Orius laevigatus and Orius albidipennis on pollen and Ephestia kuehniella eggs[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2010,82(1):101-104.
[18]Pumari?o L,Alomar O,Lundgren J G.Effects of floral and extrafloral resource diversity on the fitness of an omnivorous bug,Orius insidiosus[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2012,145(3):181-190.
[19]吴圣勇,徐丽荣,李宁,等.天敌昆虫在诱集植物上的多样性及对温室蚜虫的防治作用[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(15):2955-2964.
[20]Coll M,Guershon M.Omnivory in terrestrial arthropods:Mixing plant and prey diets[J].Annual Review of Entomology,2002,47(1):267-297.
[21]Sivakoff F S,Rosenheim J,Dutilleul P,et al.Influence of the surrounding landscape on crop colonization by a polyphagous insect pest[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2013,149(1):11-21.
[22]Blitzer E J,Dormann C F,Holzschuh A,et al.Spillover of functionally important organisms between managed and natural habitats[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2012,146(1):34-43.
[23]杨帆,王甦,张君明,等.增殖植物和植物诱导抗性挥发物质对东亚小花蝽和浅黄恩蚜小蜂的嗅觉行为影响及田间诱集作用[J].环境昆虫学报,2017,39(6):1250-1257.
[24]李顺欣,郅军锐,曾广,等.外源茉莉酸诱导菜豆对西花蓟马和南方小花蝽的行为反应[J].应用昆虫学报,2016,53(5):1065-1076.
[25]张骏,郅军锐,李顺欣,等.南方小花蝽对不同处理菜豆及其挥发物的行为反应[J].环境昆虫学报,2017,39(5):1120-1129.
[26]陈学新,刘银泉,任顺祥,等.害虫天敌的植物支持系统[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(1):1-12.
[27]王艳廷,冀晓昊,吴玉森,等.我国果园生草的研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1892-1900.
[28]严毓骅,段建军.苹果园种植覆盖作物对于树上捕食性天敌群落的影响[J].植物保护学报,1988,15(1):23-27.
[29]杜相革,严毓骅.苹果园混合覆盖植物对害螨和东亚小花蝽的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,1994,10(3):114-117.
[2]Rutledge C,O’neil R.Orius insidiosus(Say)as a predator of the soybean aphid,Aphis glycines Matsumura[J].Biological Control,2005,33(1):56-64.
[3]张安胜,于毅,李丽莉,等.东亚小花蝽(Orius sauteri)成虫对入侵害虫西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)成虫的捕食作用[J].生态学报,2007,27(5):1903-1909.
[4]Funderburk J,Stavisky J,Olson S.Predation of Frankliniella occidentalis(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)in field peppers by Orius insidiosus(Hemiptera:Anthocoridae)[J].Environmental Entomology,2000,29(2):376-382.
[5]黄增玉,黄林茂,黄寿山.两种猎物对南方小花蝽种群增长的影响及其对二斑叶螨的控害潜能[J].生态学报,2011,31(10):2947-2952.
[6]王秀果,刘乱臣.棉田棉虫的主要天敌--小花蝽的初步研究[J].环境昆虫学报,1991,13(3):125-129.
[7]武予清,赵明茜,杨淑斐,等.东亚小花蝽对四种害虫的捕食作用[J].中国生物防治学报,2010,26(1):13-17.
[8]尹哲,李金萍,董民,等.东亚小花蝽对西花蓟马、二斑叶螨和桃蚜的捕食能力及捕食选择性研究[J].中国植保导刊,2017,37(8):17-19.
[9]Alignier A,Raymond L,Deconchat M,et al.The effect of semi-natural habitats on aphids and their natural enemies across spatial and temporal scales[J].Biological Control,2014,77(1):76-82.
[10]Grez A A,Zaviezo T,Gardiner M M.Local predator composition and landscape affects biological control of aphids in alfalfa fields[J].Biological Control,2014,76(1):1-9.
[11]Pluess T,Opatovsky I,Gavish-Regev E,et al.Non-crop habitats in the landscape enhance spider diversity in wheat fields of a desert agroecosystem[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2010,137(1):68-74.
[12]Ramsden M W,Menéndez R,Leather S R,et al.Optimizing field margins for biocontrol services:The relative role of aphid abundance,annual floral resources,and overwinter habitat in enhancing aphid natural enemies[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2015,199(1):94-104.
[13]Werling B P,Meehan T D,Gratton C,et al.Influence of habitat and landscape perenniality on insect natural enemies in three candidate biofuel crops[J].Biological Control,2011,59(2):304-312.
[14]Sas Institute.SAS/STAT?9.3 User’s Guide[M].Cary,North Carolina:SAS Institute Inc,2011.
[15]Tschumi M,Albrecht M,Entling M H,et al.High effectiveness of tailored flower strips in reducing pests and crop plant damage[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences,2015,282(1814):1465-1469.
[16]Laubertie E A,Wratten S D,Hemptinne J L.The contribution of potential beneficial insectary plant species to adult hoverfly(Diptera:Syrphidae)fitness[J].Biological Control,2012,61(1):1-6.
[17]Cocuzza,G E,Clercq D E,Veire M V D,et al.Reproduction of Orius laevigatus and Orius albidipennis on pollen and Ephestia kuehniella eggs[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2010,82(1):101-104.
[18]Pumari?o L,Alomar O,Lundgren J G.Effects of floral and extrafloral resource diversity on the fitness of an omnivorous bug,Orius insidiosus[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2012,145(3):181-190.
[19]吴圣勇,徐丽荣,李宁,等.天敌昆虫在诱集植物上的多样性及对温室蚜虫的防治作用[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(15):2955-2964.
[20]Coll M,Guershon M.Omnivory in terrestrial arthropods:Mixing plant and prey diets[J].Annual Review of Entomology,2002,47(1):267-297.
[21]Sivakoff F S,Rosenheim J,Dutilleul P,et al.Influence of the surrounding landscape on crop colonization by a polyphagous insect pest[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2013,149(1):11-21.
[22]Blitzer E J,Dormann C F,Holzschuh A,et al.Spillover of functionally important organisms between managed and natural habitats[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2012,146(1):34-43.
[23]杨帆,王甦,张君明,等.增殖植物和植物诱导抗性挥发物质对东亚小花蝽和浅黄恩蚜小蜂的嗅觉行为影响及田间诱集作用[J].环境昆虫学报,2017,39(6):1250-1257.
[24]李顺欣,郅军锐,曾广,等.外源茉莉酸诱导菜豆对西花蓟马和南方小花蝽的行为反应[J].应用昆虫学报,2016,53(5):1065-1076.
[25]张骏,郅军锐,李顺欣,等.南方小花蝽对不同处理菜豆及其挥发物的行为反应[J].环境昆虫学报,2017,39(5):1120-1129.
[26]陈学新,刘银泉,任顺祥,等.害虫天敌的植物支持系统[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(1):1-12.
[27]王艳廷,冀晓昊,吴玉森,等.我国果园生草的研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1892-1900.
[28]严毓骅,段建军.苹果园种植覆盖作物对于树上捕食性天敌群落的影响[J].植物保护学报,1988,15(1):23-27.
[29]杜相革,严毓骅.苹果园混合覆盖植物对害螨和东亚小花蝽的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,1994,10(3):114-117.