自由测站法在既有铁路曲线测量中的应用
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摘要
为提高当前既有普通铁路运营维护施测的数据精度、作业安全系数与工作效率,对既有施测工法采用的测量工具、具体实施方案以及数据处理等方面进行了深入分析与研究,将自由测站法引入到既有铁路曲线平面测量作业中,并有针对性地进行了测量工具的设计与改进,以及大量不同曲线条件下施测方法的实验和数据处理结果的对比等工作,进而提出一套铁路曲线测量新工法。现场施测作业的反馈和实践证明,该方法将里程丈量精度由厘米级提升至毫米级,提高了测点定位精度;现场测量仪器无需频繁搬站上下线路,提高了作业安全系数和现场施测的工作效率;有针对性地开发了数据处理程序,可精准对接外业数据,提高了数据处理效率。
In order to improve the data accuracy,operation safety factor and work efficiency of the operation and maintenance survey for existing general railway,this paper makes a thorough analysis and study on the measurement tools,concrete implementation scheme and data processing of the existing survey method,introduces the free station method into the existing railway curve plane survey operation and puts forward a new method of railway curve measurement after carrying out the design and improvement of the measuring tools,and the comparison between a large number of experiments and data processing results under different curve conditions. Feedback and practice of field survey operation prove that this method improves the accuracy of mileage measurement from centimeter level to millimeter level,and improves the positioning accuracy of survey points; field measurement instruments need not to be frequently moved up and down along the lines,thus improving the safety factor of operation and the efficiency of field survey; and a data processing program has been developed pertinently,which can dock the field data accurately and improve the efficiency of data processing.
In order to improve the data accuracy,operation safety factor and work efficiency of the operation and maintenance survey for existing general railway,this paper makes a thorough analysis and study on the measurement tools,concrete implementation scheme and data processing of the existing survey method,introduces the free station method into the existing railway curve plane survey operation and puts forward a new method of railway curve measurement after carrying out the design and improvement of the measuring tools,and the comparison between a large number of experiments and data processing results under different curve conditions. Feedback and practice of field survey operation prove that this method improves the accuracy of mileage measurement from centimeter level to millimeter level,and improves the positioning accuracy of survey points; field measurement instruments need not to be frequently moved up and down along the lines,thus improving the safety factor of operation and the efficiency of field survey; and a data processing program has been developed pertinently,which can dock the field data accurately and improve the efficiency of data processing.
引文
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[15]国家铁路局．高速铁路工程测量规范:TB10601—2009[S]．北京:中国铁道出版社，2010.
[2]刘宝平．铁路工务线路养护常见问题与对策分析[J]．交通建设与管理，2014(20):207-208.
[3]候茂盛．基于最优化理论的既有铁路曲线整正方法研究及应用[D]．兰州:兰州交通大学，2017.
[4]蒙恬．既有铁路测量技术及应用[J]．绿色环保建材，2017(9):120.
[5]全志强，杨育林．既有铁路曲线整正测量[J]．测绘科学，2015(40):147-150.
[6]张金良．偏角法和坐标法在既有铁路线路整正中的拓展研究及应用[D]．南昌:华东交通大学，2017.
[7]陈光金，付宏平，许张柱，等．铁路既有线测量设计一体化技术的研发与实践[J]．铁道设计标准，2017(12):23-28.
[8]张伟．铁路既有线曲线整正方法的探讨[J]．铁道建筑，2009(11):79-81.
[9]赵立冬．铁路线路养护与维修[M]．北京:中国铁道出版社，2016.
[10]张绪丰，陈澍．既有铁路复测新方法的应用[J]．铁道勘察，2017(2):11-14.
[11]王保成，韩峰．基于坐标测量的既有曲线整正计算优化方法研究[J]．兰州交通大学学报，2008(1):11-13.
[12]何奎元，马长清，等．钢轨中心精密对点器:中国，201720885711. 0[P]. 2018-05-01.
[13]国家铁路局．铁路工程测量规范:TB10101—2018[S]．北京:中国铁道出版社，2019.
[14]国家铁路局．改建铁路工程测量规范:TB10105—2009[S]．北京:中国铁道出版社，2010.
[15]国家铁路局．高速铁路工程测量规范:TB10601—2009[S]．北京:中国铁道出版社，2010.