丁香酚对异齿裂腹鱼的麻醉效果
|
摘要
为探索丁香酚对异齿裂腹鱼Schizothorax oconori的麻醉效果,采用静水方法在水温12.5℃下和1.2m×1.0m×1.0m容器中研究不同质量浓度(10 mg/L、15 mg/L、20 mg/L、25 mg/L、30 mg/L、35 mg/L、40 mg/L、50 mg/L和60 mg/L)、不同规格[(480±72)、(1 036±84)和(1 526±123g)]和不同空气暴露时间(0s、300s、600s、900s、1 200s、1 500s、1 800s、2 100s和2 400s)对异齿裂腹鱼麻醉效果和呼吸频率的影响。结果表明:随着丁香酚质量浓度递增,麻醉时间依次递减,质量浓度与麻醉时间的相关式为:Y=1516.8e-0.059X(R~2=0.9771),而复苏时间则随着丁香酚质量浓度的递增依次增大,质量浓度与复苏时间的相关式为:Y=0.1344X2+2.964X+357.12(R~2=0.9111),质量浓度为35mg/L时,麻醉效果较好;低浓度丁香酚对异齿裂腹鱼呼吸频率影响不明显,在质量浓度达到30～50mg/L时,鱼体由麻醉期(A3)进入深度麻醉期(A4),呼吸频率迅速降低;平均体质量(480±72)g异齿裂腹鱼麻醉时间显著低于平均体质量(1 036±84)g和(1 526±123)g(P<0.05),而平均体质量(1 526±123)g异齿裂腹鱼的复苏时间显著高于(480±72)g和(1 036±84)g的鱼(P<0.05);随着空气暴露时间延长,异齿裂腹鱼复苏时间依次递增,复苏时间与空气暴露时间相关式为:Y=0.4009X+527.76(R~2=0.9537)。本试验结果可为异齿裂腹鱼资源调查、人工繁育操作及运输提供理论参考。
Schizothorax oconori with different body weight of(480±72)g,(1 036±84)g and(1 526 ±123)g were exposed to different mass concentrations of eugenol(10 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 25 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 35 mg/L, 40 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 60 mg/L)for different air exposure time(0 s, 300 s, 600 s, 900 s, 1 200 s, 1 500 s, 1 800 s, 2 100 s and 2 400 s)at water temperature of 12.5 ℃ in a1.2 m ×1.0 m ×1.0 m tank by hydrostatic method in order to explore the anesthetic effect including respiratory rate of eugenol on Schizothorax oconori. The results showed that the anesthesia time was decreased with the increase in eugenol concentration in turn,with correlation between eugenol concentration and anesthesia time as Y = 1516.8 e-0.059 X(R~2= 0.9771). The recovery time was shown to be increased with the increase in eugenol concentration,with the correlation regression between mass concentration and recovery time as Y = 0.1344 X2+2.964 X+357.12(R~2= 0.9111),with the better anesthesia effect at eugenol concentration of 35 mg/. The fish body became from anesthesia stage(A3)to deep anesthesia stage(A4)and had rapidly low respiratory rate at eugenol concentration of30～50 mg/L,even though low eugenol concentration had no significant effect on the respiratory rate. There was significantly lower anesthesia time in the fish with average body weight of(480±72)g than that in the fish with average body weight of(1 036±84)g and(1 526±123)g(P < 0.05),while the recovery time of the fish with average body weight of(1 526 ±123)g was significantly higher than that the fish with(480 ±72)g and(1 036±84)g did(P < 0.05). The recovery time of Schizothorax oconori anaesthetized was increased in turn with the prolongation of air exposure time,with the correlation regression between resuscitation time and air exposure time as Y=0.4009 X+527.76(R~2= 0.9537).The findings provide theoretical reference with investigation of resources, artificial breeding and transportation of Schizothorax oconori.
Schizothorax oconori with different body weight of(480±72)g,(1 036±84)g and(1 526 ±123)g were exposed to different mass concentrations of eugenol(10 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 25 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 35 mg/L, 40 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 60 mg/L)for different air exposure time(0 s, 300 s, 600 s, 900 s, 1 200 s, 1 500 s, 1 800 s, 2 100 s and 2 400 s)at water temperature of 12.5 ℃ in a1.2 m ×1.0 m ×1.0 m tank by hydrostatic method in order to explore the anesthetic effect including respiratory rate of eugenol on Schizothorax oconori. The results showed that the anesthesia time was decreased with the increase in eugenol concentration in turn,with correlation between eugenol concentration and anesthesia time as Y = 1516.8 e-0.059 X(R~2= 0.9771). The recovery time was shown to be increased with the increase in eugenol concentration,with the correlation regression between mass concentration and recovery time as Y = 0.1344 X2+2.964 X+357.12(R~2= 0.9111),with the better anesthesia effect at eugenol concentration of 35 mg/. The fish body became from anesthesia stage(A3)to deep anesthesia stage(A4)and had rapidly low respiratory rate at eugenol concentration of30～50 mg/L,even though low eugenol concentration had no significant effect on the respiratory rate. There was significantly lower anesthesia time in the fish with average body weight of(480±72)g than that in the fish with average body weight of(1 036±84)g and(1 526±123)g(P < 0.05),while the recovery time of the fish with average body weight of(1 526 ±123)g was significantly higher than that the fish with(480 ±72)g and(1 036±84)g did(P < 0.05). The recovery time of Schizothorax oconori anaesthetized was increased in turn with the prolongation of air exposure time,with the correlation regression between resuscitation time and air exposure time as Y=0.4009 X+527.76(R~2= 0.9537).The findings provide theoretical reference with investigation of resources, artificial breeding and transportation of Schizothorax oconori.
引文
[1]吕海燕,王群,刘欢,等.鱼用麻醉剂安全性研究进展[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2013,3(2):24-28.
[2]匡刚桥,李评,郑曙明,等.丁香酚对斑点叉尾鮰幼鱼的麻醉效果[J].四川动物,2010,29(5):584-587.
[3] European Food Safety Authority. Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance eugenol[J].EFSA J,2012,10(11):2914-2960.
[4] JECFA. Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants:sixty-fifth report of the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives[R]. Geneva, SUI:WHO Technical Report Series, 2006.
[5] Hoskonen P, Pirhonen J. Temperature effects on anaesthesia with clove oil in six temperate-zone fishes[J]. Journal of fish biology, 2004, 64(4):1136-1142.
[6] Kildea M A, Allan G L, Kearney R E. Accumulation and clearance of the anaesthetics clove oil and AQUI-STM from the edible tissue of silver perch(Bidyanus bidyanus)[J].Aquaculture, 2004, 232(1/4):265-277.
[7]张志明,胡盼,姜志强,等.丁香酚对锦鲤麻醉效果的研究[J].水产科学,2014,33(1):40-45.
[8] Anderson W G, Mc Kinley R S, Colavecchia M. The use of clove oil as an anesthetic for rainbow trout and its effects on swimming performance[J]. North American Journal of Fisheries Management,1997,17(2):301-307.
[9] Iversen M, Finstad B, Mc Kinley R S, et al. The efficacy of metomidate, clove oil, Aqui-STMand Benzoak as anaesthetics in Atlantic salmon(Salmons salar L.)smolts, and their potential stress-reducing capacity[J]. Aquaculture, 2003,221(1):549-566.
[10]庄平,徐滨,章龙珍,等.MS-222和丁香酚对中华鲟幼鱼耗氧率与排氨率的影响[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(4):612-618.
[11]赵艳丽,杨先乐,黄艳平,等.丁香酚对大黄鱼麻醉效果的研究[J].水产科技情报,2002,29(4):163-165.
[12]黄洪贵,黄柳婷,胡振禧,等.丁香酚对倒刺鲃幼鱼麻醉效果的研究[J].水产科技情报,2009,36(4):157-160.
[13]西藏自治区水产局.西藏鱼类及其资源[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:50-51.
[14]杨汉运,黄道明.雅鲁藏布江中上游鱼类区系和资源状况初步调查[J].华中师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,45(4)629-633.
[15]武云飞.中国裂腹鱼亚科鱼类的系统分类研究[J].高原生物学集刊,1984(3):119-140.
[16]曹文宣,陈宜瑜,武云飞.青藏高原隆起的时代、幅度和形成问题[M].北京:科学出版社,1981:110-130.
[17]武云飞,谭齐佳.青藏高原鱼类区系特征及其形成的地史原因分析[J].动物学报,1991,37(2)135-151.
[18]武云飞,康斌,门强,等.西藏鱼类染色体多样性的研究[J].动物学研究,1999,20(4)258-264.
[19] He D K, Chen Y F. Phylogeography of Schizothorax o`connori(Cyprinidae:Schizothoracinae)in the Yarlung Tsangpo River,Tibet[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2009, 635(1):251-262.
[20]曾本和,周建设,王万良,等.水温对异齿裂腹鱼幼鱼存活、摄食和生长的影响[J].淡水渔业,2018,48(6):77-82.
[21]张良松.异齿裂腹鱼人工规模化繁殖技术研究[J].淡水渔业,2011,41(5):88-91,95.
[22]季强.异齿裂腹鱼食性的初步研究[J].水利渔业,2008,20(3):51-53,82.
[23]刘长琳,何力,陈四清,等.鱼类麻醉研究综述[J].渔业现代化,2007,34(5):21-25.
[24] Marking L L, Meyer F P. Are better anesthetics needed in fisheries[J]. Fisheries, 1985, 10(6):2-5.
[25]刘艳超,刘海平,刘书蕴,等. MS-222对两种规格的异齿裂腹鱼麻醉效果研究[J].水生生物学报, 2018, 42(6):1214-1223.
[26]周裕华,潘桂平,周文玉.丁香酚对鲻鱼麻醉效果研究[J].水产科技情报,2016,43(6):332-334.
[27] Hoskonen P, Pirhonen J. Temperature effects on anaesthesia with clove oil in six temperature zone fishes[J]. J Fish Biol, 2004, 64(4):1136-1142.
[28]赵艳丽,杨先乐,黄艳平,等.丁香酚对大黄鱼麻醉效果的研究[J].水产科技情报,2002,29(4):163-165.
[29]梁政远,安丽娜,廖凌鸿,等.丁香油对鲤鱼和罗非鱼的麻醉作用[J].水产学杂志,2009,22(1):42-46.
[30]贾超峰,许津,张志勇,等.丁香酚对真鲷（♀）×黑鲷（♂）杂交子一代麻醉效果的研究[J].海洋科学,2016,40(12):41-46.
[31]罗晶晶,韩典峰,孙玉增,等.丁香酚对罗非鱼的麻醉效果[J].河北渔业,2018(3):5-8.
[32]李靖,刘宝良,王顺奎,等.丁香酚对大西洋鲑麻醉效果的实验研究[J].海洋科学进展,2015,33(1):92-99.
[33]金刚,丁莉,李钟杰.保安湖四种小型鱼类脑指数初步研究[J].水生生物学报,2008,32(1):109-111.
[34]严银龙,施永海,张海明,等. MS-222、丁香酚对刀鲚幼鱼的麻醉效果[J].上海海洋大学学报,2016,25(2):177-182.
[35]张志山,朱树人,安丽,等.丁香酚对翘嘴鲌的麻醉效果研究[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2016,13(27):39-43.
[2]匡刚桥,李评,郑曙明,等.丁香酚对斑点叉尾鮰幼鱼的麻醉效果[J].四川动物,2010,29(5):584-587.
[3] European Food Safety Authority. Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance eugenol[J].EFSA J,2012,10(11):2914-2960.
[4] JECFA. Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants:sixty-fifth report of the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives[R]. Geneva, SUI:WHO Technical Report Series, 2006.
[5] Hoskonen P, Pirhonen J. Temperature effects on anaesthesia with clove oil in six temperate-zone fishes[J]. Journal of fish biology, 2004, 64(4):1136-1142.
[6] Kildea M A, Allan G L, Kearney R E. Accumulation and clearance of the anaesthetics clove oil and AQUI-STM from the edible tissue of silver perch(Bidyanus bidyanus)[J].Aquaculture, 2004, 232(1/4):265-277.
[7]张志明,胡盼,姜志强,等.丁香酚对锦鲤麻醉效果的研究[J].水产科学,2014,33(1):40-45.
[8] Anderson W G, Mc Kinley R S, Colavecchia M. The use of clove oil as an anesthetic for rainbow trout and its effects on swimming performance[J]. North American Journal of Fisheries Management,1997,17(2):301-307.
[9] Iversen M, Finstad B, Mc Kinley R S, et al. The efficacy of metomidate, clove oil, Aqui-STMand Benzoak as anaesthetics in Atlantic salmon(Salmons salar L.)smolts, and their potential stress-reducing capacity[J]. Aquaculture, 2003,221(1):549-566.
[10]庄平,徐滨,章龙珍,等.MS-222和丁香酚对中华鲟幼鱼耗氧率与排氨率的影响[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(4):612-618.
[11]赵艳丽,杨先乐,黄艳平,等.丁香酚对大黄鱼麻醉效果的研究[J].水产科技情报,2002,29(4):163-165.
[12]黄洪贵,黄柳婷,胡振禧,等.丁香酚对倒刺鲃幼鱼麻醉效果的研究[J].水产科技情报,2009,36(4):157-160.
[13]西藏自治区水产局.西藏鱼类及其资源[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:50-51.
[14]杨汉运,黄道明.雅鲁藏布江中上游鱼类区系和资源状况初步调查[J].华中师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,45(4)629-633.
[15]武云飞.中国裂腹鱼亚科鱼类的系统分类研究[J].高原生物学集刊,1984(3):119-140.
[16]曹文宣,陈宜瑜,武云飞.青藏高原隆起的时代、幅度和形成问题[M].北京:科学出版社,1981:110-130.
[17]武云飞,谭齐佳.青藏高原鱼类区系特征及其形成的地史原因分析[J].动物学报,1991,37(2)135-151.
[18]武云飞,康斌,门强,等.西藏鱼类染色体多样性的研究[J].动物学研究,1999,20(4)258-264.
[19] He D K, Chen Y F. Phylogeography of Schizothorax o`connori(Cyprinidae:Schizothoracinae)in the Yarlung Tsangpo River,Tibet[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2009, 635(1):251-262.
[20]曾本和,周建设,王万良,等.水温对异齿裂腹鱼幼鱼存活、摄食和生长的影响[J].淡水渔业,2018,48(6):77-82.
[21]张良松.异齿裂腹鱼人工规模化繁殖技术研究[J].淡水渔业,2011,41(5):88-91,95.
[22]季强.异齿裂腹鱼食性的初步研究[J].水利渔业,2008,20(3):51-53,82.
[23]刘长琳,何力,陈四清,等.鱼类麻醉研究综述[J].渔业现代化,2007,34(5):21-25.
[24] Marking L L, Meyer F P. Are better anesthetics needed in fisheries[J]. Fisheries, 1985, 10(6):2-5.
[25]刘艳超,刘海平,刘书蕴,等. MS-222对两种规格的异齿裂腹鱼麻醉效果研究[J].水生生物学报, 2018, 42(6):1214-1223.
[26]周裕华,潘桂平,周文玉.丁香酚对鲻鱼麻醉效果研究[J].水产科技情报,2016,43(6):332-334.
[27] Hoskonen P, Pirhonen J. Temperature effects on anaesthesia with clove oil in six temperature zone fishes[J]. J Fish Biol, 2004, 64(4):1136-1142.
[28]赵艳丽,杨先乐,黄艳平,等.丁香酚对大黄鱼麻醉效果的研究[J].水产科技情报,2002,29(4):163-165.
[29]梁政远,安丽娜,廖凌鸿,等.丁香油对鲤鱼和罗非鱼的麻醉作用[J].水产学杂志,2009,22(1):42-46.
[30]贾超峰,许津,张志勇,等.丁香酚对真鲷（♀）×黑鲷（♂）杂交子一代麻醉效果的研究[J].海洋科学,2016,40(12):41-46.
[31]罗晶晶,韩典峰,孙玉增,等.丁香酚对罗非鱼的麻醉效果[J].河北渔业,2018(3):5-8.
[32]李靖,刘宝良,王顺奎,等.丁香酚对大西洋鲑麻醉效果的实验研究[J].海洋科学进展,2015,33(1):92-99.
[33]金刚,丁莉,李钟杰.保安湖四种小型鱼类脑指数初步研究[J].水生生物学报,2008,32(1):109-111.
[34]严银龙,施永海,张海明,等. MS-222、丁香酚对刀鲚幼鱼的麻醉效果[J].上海海洋大学学报,2016,25(2):177-182.
[35]张志山,朱树人,安丽,等.丁香酚对翘嘴鲌的麻醉效果研究[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2016,13(27):39-43.