海洋核动力平台核事故应急监测策略研究综述
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摘要
综述了国外核事故应急监测策略研究进展,以及我国在核应急监测法规标准、应急监测方法、应急辐射环境监测技术等方面的研究现状,从海洋核动力平台的法规标准、应急监测方案、应急辐射监测项目和应急监测方法4个方面进行了探讨,并提出了制定核应急监测政策及标准规范、建立应急监测预案库、加快研发应急采样与监测方法、建立海洋放射性监测体系等建议。
This article reviewed foreign research progress of nuclear accident emergency monitoring strategies and domestic research situation of nuclear emergency monitoring regulations and standards, emergency monitoring methods and technologies. Based on the discussion of offshore nuclear power platform regulations, emergency monitoring programs, emergency monitoring projects and emergency monitoring methods, suggestions were made on formulating nuclear emergency monitoring policies and standard specifications, setting up emergency monitoring plan database, accelerating the research and development of emergency sampling and monitoring methods, establishing a offshore radiation monitoring system.
This article reviewed foreign research progress of nuclear accident emergency monitoring strategies and domestic research situation of nuclear emergency monitoring regulations and standards, emergency monitoring methods and technologies. Based on the discussion of offshore nuclear power platform regulations, emergency monitoring programs, emergency monitoring projects and emergency monitoring methods, suggestions were made on formulating nuclear emergency monitoring policies and standard specifications, setting up emergency monitoring plan database, accelerating the research and development of emergency sampling and monitoring methods, establishing a offshore radiation monitoring system.
引文
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[14] 谢骏箭,周鹏,蔡建东,等.我国海洋核事故应急监测与环境评价所面临的问题及对策[J].海洋环境科学,2015,34(4):146-153.
[15] 方南娟,魏爱泓,袁广旺,等.江苏海洋核应急环境监测探讨[J].现代农业科技,2016(8):204-205.
[16] 李志强,张晓旭,刘玲,等.大气环境无人机监测方法研究[J].环境监测管理与技术,2017,29(1):65-68.
[17] 王燕,唐伟,王晓明,等.CTBT水声监测技术在核事故应急监测中的应用研究[J].核电子学与探测技术,2017,37(5):496-501.
[18] 罗中兴,李霄,左莉,等.无人机载核辐射监测及气溶胶采样系统试验分析[J].环境监测管理与技术,2019,31(1):58-60.
[19] 夏益华,董芳芳,李国青.如何有效制定核应急监测方案[J].核标准计量与质量,2016(3):44-48.
[20] 张华明,李兴亮,杨玉山,等.裂变放射性核素90Sr、137Cs分离的研究进展[J].同位素,2009,22(4):237-246.
[21] OSVATH I,POVINEC P P.Seabed γ-ray spectrometry:applications at IAEA-MEL[J].Environ Radioactivity,2001,53(3):335-349.
[22] 中核集团.首艘海洋核动力平台即将总装将建造20座核电站[EB/OL].[2016-07-14].http://money.163.com/16/0714/21/BRVD0CR8002524SO.html.
[2] 中广核.中国启动海上核电站实验堆建设可为海岛供电[EB/OL].[2016-11-04].http://news.ifeng.com/a/20161104/50206827_0.shtml.
[3] 黄彦君,孙雪峰,陶云良,等.核电厂应急监测策略[J].环境监测管理与技术,2011,23(1):13-19.
[4] International Aomic Energy Agency (IAEA).Generic procedures for monitoring in a nuclear or radiological emergency:IAEA TECDOC No.1092[R].Vienna:IAEA,1999.
[5] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).Committee on radiation protection and public health,monitoring and data management strategies for nuclear emergencies[R].Paris:OECD,2000.
[6] 刘峰,李佳佳,刘丽红,等.国外海上浮动核电站政策和标准规范[J].船舶工程,2017,39(4):12-15.
[7] 钱锐,孙国金,黄仁杰,等.国内外近岸海域放射性监测比较及发展建议[J].环境影响评价,2016,38(5):51-54,62.
[8] 凌鑫,邹树梁,李书帆.国内外海上应急辐射监测比较研究[J].资源节约与环保,2018(10):98-99.
[9] 余雯,李奕良,何建华,等.海洋核应急情况下的监测项目和检测方法[J].辐射防护,2013,33(1):49-53.
[10] 温潇潇.朝鲜核试验辐射环境监测:怎么看、怎么做、谁检测?[EB/OL].[2016-09-13].http://huanbao.bjx.com.cn/news/20160913/772305-2.shtml.
[11] 余晓洁,王笛.国务院新闻办公室发表《中国的核应急》白皮书[EB/OL].[2016-01-27].http://www.scio.gov.cn/ztk/dtzt/34102/34103/34106/Document/1466504/1466504.htm.
[12] KARLLON S,MELLANDER H,LINDGREN J,et al.Rapid environmental survey infusing mobile equipment:NKS Report-15Resume99[R].Denmark:NKS,2000.
[13] 陈晓秋,李冰,余少青.日本福岛核事故对应急准备与响应工作的启示[J].辐射防护,2012,32(6):27-40.
[14] 谢骏箭,周鹏,蔡建东,等.我国海洋核事故应急监测与环境评价所面临的问题及对策[J].海洋环境科学,2015,34(4):146-153.
[15] 方南娟,魏爱泓,袁广旺,等.江苏海洋核应急环境监测探讨[J].现代农业科技,2016(8):204-205.
[16] 李志强,张晓旭,刘玲,等.大气环境无人机监测方法研究[J].环境监测管理与技术,2017,29(1):65-68.
[17] 王燕,唐伟,王晓明,等.CTBT水声监测技术在核事故应急监测中的应用研究[J].核电子学与探测技术,2017,37(5):496-501.
[18] 罗中兴,李霄,左莉,等.无人机载核辐射监测及气溶胶采样系统试验分析[J].环境监测管理与技术,2019,31(1):58-60.
[19] 夏益华,董芳芳,李国青.如何有效制定核应急监测方案[J].核标准计量与质量,2016(3):44-48.
[20] 张华明,李兴亮,杨玉山,等.裂变放射性核素90Sr、137Cs分离的研究进展[J].同位素,2009,22(4):237-246.
[21] OSVATH I,POVINEC P P.Seabed γ-ray spectrometry:applications at IAEA-MEL[J].Environ Radioactivity,2001,53(3):335-349.
[22] 中核集团.首艘海洋核动力平台即将总装将建造20座核电站[EB/OL].[2016-07-14].http://money.163.com/16/0714/21/BRVD0CR8002524SO.html.