梅州地区10种珍稀濒危药用植物的保护评价
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摘要
为探索珍稀濒危药用植物的濒危程度和优先保护的综合评价方法,连续5 a(2012年5月—2017年6月)对梅州地区的乡土特色中药资源进行调查,选取10种有代表性的药用植物为研究对象,建立珍稀濒危药用植物的受威胁及优先保护的综合评价指标体系;通过专家组对指标重要性的两两比较,采用层次分析法确定各评价指标的权重;计算10种珍稀药用植物各指标的得分,对其受威胁程度及优先保护进行综合评价。结果表明:10种珍稀濒危药用植物优先保护级别被评为4个等级。其中,红豆杉、铁皮石斛、巴戟属于一级保护的药用植物,肉桂、土沉香、梅片树属于二级保护的药用植物,黄精属于三级保护的药用植物,青蒿、七叶一枝花、毛冬青属于四级保护,即注意保护的药用植物;分级结果经显著性检验,各级间差异显著,说明分级结果合理,该珍稀濒危药用植物受威胁及优先保护的综合评价模式具有可行性。
To explore a comprehensive evaluation method on the endangered degree and priority protection of rare and endangered medicinal plants,Investigations were carried out on Traditional Chinese medicine resources with local characteristics in meizhou for five consecutive years(May 2012—June 2017),and 10 representative medicinal plants were selected as the research objects.Then the comprehensive evaluation index system of being threatened and priority protection for rare and endangered medicinal plants has been established.Through the pairwise comparison of the importance of indicators by the expert group,the weight of each evaluation index was determined by the analytic hierarchy process.Then,the scores of each index of 10 rare medicinal plants were calculated,and the degree of threat and priority protection were comprehensively evaluated.The results show that 10 species of rare and endangered medicinal plants were rated as 4 grades.Among them,the medicinal plants that need priority protection are Taxus chinensis,Dendrobium officinale,Morinda officinalis;the medicinal plants that need secondary level protection are Cinnamomum cassia,Aquilaria sinensis,Dryoyalanops aromatica,Polygonatum sibiricum;the medicinal plants that need third level protection are Artemisia carvifolia,Paris polyphylla,Llex pubescens;the medicinal plants that need fourth level protection are Artemisia carvifolia,Paris polyphylla,Llex pubescens.The grading results were significantly different from each other by significance test,indicating that the grading results were reasonable.Therefore,the comprehensive evaluation model of being threatened and priority protection of 10 species of rare and endangered medicinal plants is feasible.
To explore a comprehensive evaluation method on the endangered degree and priority protection of rare and endangered medicinal plants,Investigations were carried out on Traditional Chinese medicine resources with local characteristics in meizhou for five consecutive years(May 2012—June 2017),and 10 representative medicinal plants were selected as the research objects.Then the comprehensive evaluation index system of being threatened and priority protection for rare and endangered medicinal plants has been established.Through the pairwise comparison of the importance of indicators by the expert group,the weight of each evaluation index was determined by the analytic hierarchy process.Then,the scores of each index of 10 rare medicinal plants were calculated,and the degree of threat and priority protection were comprehensively evaluated.The results show that 10 species of rare and endangered medicinal plants were rated as 4 grades.Among them,the medicinal plants that need priority protection are Taxus chinensis,Dendrobium officinale,Morinda officinalis;the medicinal plants that need secondary level protection are Cinnamomum cassia,Aquilaria sinensis,Dryoyalanops aromatica,Polygonatum sibiricum;the medicinal plants that need third level protection are Artemisia carvifolia,Paris polyphylla,Llex pubescens;the medicinal plants that need fourth level protection are Artemisia carvifolia,Paris polyphylla,Llex pubescens.The grading results were significantly different from each other by significance test,indicating that the grading results were reasonable.Therefore,the comprehensive evaluation model of being threatened and priority protection of 10 species of rare and endangered medicinal plants is feasible.
引文
[1]王年鹤,袁昌齐,吕哗,等.药用植物稀有濒危程度评价标准的讨论[J].中国中药杂志,1992,17(2):67-70.
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[3]姚振生,张琮琼,葛菲,等.江西珍稀濒危药用植物分级标准的研究[J].植物科学学报,1997,15(2):137-142.
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[5]黄璐琦,唐仕欢,崔光红,等.药用植物受威胁及优先保护的综合评价方法[J].中国中药杂志,2006,31(23):1929-1932.
[6]周繇.长白山区野生珍稀濒危药用植物资源评价体系的初步研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(3):599-605.
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[8]李镇魁.广东南岭国家级自然保护区珍稀濒危植物调查[J].亚热带植物科学,2001,30(3):28-32.
[9]朱强,王俊,梁文裕.宁夏珍稀濒危药用植物资源及其保护[J].中国野生植物资源,2009(28):12-16.
[10]秦运潭,王书林,王金鹏.峨眉山珍稀濒危药用植物保护研究[J].中国医药指南,2011,9(32):279-280.
[11]蒋雪,王明阳,催向东.太行山珍稀濒危植物保存评价及对策[J].河南林业科技,2013,33(3):52-54.
[12]鲁松,谢孔平,李策宏.峨眉山区野生濒危药用植物资源评价体系的初步研究[J].广西植物,2013,33(2):229-235.
[13]费文群,饶月,罗建,等.西藏色季拉山珍稀濒危野生药用植物资源优先保护序列研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2017,45(4):180-188.
[14]房奕全.广东梅州市野生珍稀濒危植物资源现状与保护[J].中国园艺文摘,2017,33(8):79-80.
[15]殷芳芳,吴君,吴冬,等.杭州地区15种丰花月季品种综合评价[J].福建林业科技,2016,43(2):217-221.
[2]袁昌齐,岳俊三,王年鹤,等.江苏省稀有,濒危保护药用植物的评价[J].中国中药杂志,1992,17(3):130-133.
[3]姚振生,张琮琼,葛菲,等.江西珍稀濒危药用植物分级标准的研究[J].植物科学学报,1997,15(2):137-142.
[4]薛达元,蒋明康,李正方,等.苏浙皖地区珍稀濒危植物分级指标的研究[J].中国环境科学,1991,11(3):161-166.
[5]黄璐琦,唐仕欢,崔光红,等.药用植物受威胁及优先保护的综合评价方法[J].中国中药杂志,2006,31(23):1929-1932.
[6]周繇.长白山区野生珍稀濒危药用植物资源评价体系的初步研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(3):599-605.
[7]闫志峰,张本刚,陈士林,等.濒危中药资源系统评价保护体系的构建[J].世界科学技术:中医药现代化,2006,8(5):16-21.
[8]李镇魁.广东南岭国家级自然保护区珍稀濒危植物调查[J].亚热带植物科学,2001,30(3):28-32.
[9]朱强,王俊,梁文裕.宁夏珍稀濒危药用植物资源及其保护[J].中国野生植物资源,2009(28):12-16.
[10]秦运潭,王书林,王金鹏.峨眉山珍稀濒危药用植物保护研究[J].中国医药指南,2011,9(32):279-280.
[11]蒋雪,王明阳,催向东.太行山珍稀濒危植物保存评价及对策[J].河南林业科技,2013,33(3):52-54.
[12]鲁松,谢孔平,李策宏.峨眉山区野生濒危药用植物资源评价体系的初步研究[J].广西植物,2013,33(2):229-235.
[13]费文群,饶月,罗建,等.西藏色季拉山珍稀濒危野生药用植物资源优先保护序列研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2017,45(4):180-188.
[14]房奕全.广东梅州市野生珍稀濒危植物资源现状与保护[J].中国园艺文摘,2017,33(8):79-80.
[15]殷芳芳,吴君,吴冬,等.杭州地区15种丰花月季品种综合评价[J].福建林业科技,2016,43(2):217-221.