交叉学科本科专业开设不应一哄而上——从高校开设人工智能本科专业热潮谈起

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英文篇名：It Cannot Be in a Hurry to Set up Interdisciplinary Majors for Graduate Education——Talking about the Upsurge of Setting up Artificial Intelligence Specialty in Colleges and Universities 作者：刘尧 英文作者：Liu Yao;Institute of Educational Review, Zhejiang Normal University; 关键词：高等学校 ; 本科教育 ; 交叉学科 ; 交叉学科专业 英文关键词：Universities;;Undergraduate education;;Interdisciplinary;;Interdisciplinary majors 中文刊名：上海教育评估研究 英文刊名：Shanghai Journal of Educational Evaluation 机构：浙江师范大学教育评论研究所; 出版日期：2019-08-30 出版单位：上海教育评估研究 年：2019 期：04 语种：中文; 页：22-26+32 页数：6 CN：31-2070/G4 ISSN：2095-3380 分类号：G642.3

摘要

2019年5月,北京大学、清华大学启动了人工智能等相关本科专业招生,开启了高校专业调整的新方向。在人工智能本科专业开设元年,即2019年,全国获得首批建设资格的35所高校将陆续招收本科生。事实上,人工智能是学科交叉融合的产物,人工智能专业是交叉学科专业。培养交叉学科人才,需要高校开设相关交叉学科专业。在本科阶段开设交叉学科专业,开展交叉学科本科人才培养是世界高等教育发展的新取向。然而,如果高校不考虑自身条件一哄而上地开设交叉学科本科专业,一定会导致专业开设过多而质量不高的现象发生。鉴于此,一所高校要开设交叉学科本科专业,不能"盲目强为"或"无所作为",而要树立立足于未来、实际与特色的理念,遵循"有所为,有所不为"的原则,在明确交叉学科本科专业定位的前提下,先探索交叉学科建设,再开展交叉学科本科专业建设,实施交叉学科与专业一体化建设策略。
        In May 2019, Peking University and Tsinghua University launched the recruitment of artificial intelligence major for freshmen, which indicates that a new direction is set up for the adjustment of university majors. This is the first year for Chinese university to open the AI,but 35 colleges and universities have been approved to establish the major. It is a new orientation for the development of higher education in the world to set up interdisciplinary majors and train interdisciplinary talents at the undergraduate stage. However, if a university does not consider its own conditions and rush to open interdisciplinary undergraduate majors, it will certainly lead to the phenomenon of too many majors and low qualities. In view of this, if a university tries to set up an interdisciplinary undergraduate specialty, then it cannot be "blindly forceful"or "inactive", the university should establish a concept based on the future, reality and characteristics, follow the principle of"doing something or not doing". The university should clean the orientation of the interdisciplinary undergraduate specialty, explore the interdisciplinary foundation, then the university can carry out the interdisciplinary undergraduate specialty construction,and implement integration strategy.

引文

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