规模化奶牛场牛粪资源化利用的效益分析
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摘要
当前,我国北方地区养殖业污染比较严重,在畜禽养殖过程中,污染排放和减排治理均存在较多问题。结合内蒙古地区"稳羊增牛扩猪禽"发展思路,人们要因地制宜进行废弃物综合利用,发展环境友好型畜牧业,实现畜禽养殖与资源环境和谐共生。人们可以利用多种技术,重点解决规模化畜禽养殖场污染物减排、养殖废水低能耗运行稳定处理工艺、固体废物高效无害化资源化利用、再生资源高效利用模式等技术问题,进而实现养殖场废弃物的无害化、资源化综合利用。以1 000头规模的牛场为例,本文进行牛粪的资源化分析,计算其投入和产出,研究规模牛场牛粪资源化利用的经济效益。
At present, the pollution of aquaculture in northern China is relatively serious. In the process of livestock and poultry breeding, there are many problems in pollution discharge and emission reduction. In combination with the development strategy of "stabilizing sheep and increasing cattle and expanding pigs and poultry" in Inner Mongolia,people should comprehensively utilize waste according to local conditions, develop environmentally friendly animal husbandry, and achieve harmonious symbiosis between livestock and poultry breeding and resources and environment.People can use a variety of technologies to focus on solving the problem of large-scale livestock and poultry farm pollutant emission reduction, low-energy operation and stable treatment process of aquaculture wastewater, efficient and harmless utilization of solid waste, and efficient use of renewable resources. In turn, the harmless and resourceful comprehensive utilization of farm wastes can be realized. Taking the cattle farm of 1,000 scale as an example, this paper conducts the resource analysis of cow dung, calculates its input and output, and studies the economic benefits of the utilization of cattle manure in the scale cattle farm.
At present, the pollution of aquaculture in northern China is relatively serious. In the process of livestock and poultry breeding, there are many problems in pollution discharge and emission reduction. In combination with the development strategy of "stabilizing sheep and increasing cattle and expanding pigs and poultry" in Inner Mongolia,people should comprehensively utilize waste according to local conditions, develop environmentally friendly animal husbandry, and achieve harmonious symbiosis between livestock and poultry breeding and resources and environment.People can use a variety of technologies to focus on solving the problem of large-scale livestock and poultry farm pollutant emission reduction, low-energy operation and stable treatment process of aquaculture wastewater, efficient and harmless utilization of solid waste, and efficient use of renewable resources. In turn, the harmless and resourceful comprehensive utilization of farm wastes can be realized. Taking the cattle farm of 1,000 scale as an example, this paper conducts the resource analysis of cow dung, calculates its input and output, and studies the economic benefits of the utilization of cattle manure in the scale cattle farm.
引文
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2 刘晓宁.奶牛场粪污的危害、价值与合理利用[J].畜牧兽医科技信息,2018,(2):52-53.
3 施正香.规模化牛场粪污处理模式不同工程案例分析[J].今日畜牧兽医(奶牛),2017,(8):60-63.
4 李志才,胡会昌.奶牛场牛粪规模化生产有机肥实用技术[J].中国乳业,2014,(1):44-45.
5 杨建生,王杏龙,钱晓晴,等.规模奶牛场牛粪干湿分离液稻草过滤及资源化利用方法:中国,CN201510152552.9[P].2015-07-15.
6 张云峰,刘福元,王学进,等.规模化奶牛场粪便好氧堆肥发酵研究[J].家畜生态学报,2015,36(2):75-79.
7 关红民,王佳,李和国,等.规模化奶牛场产奶牛和育成牛粪中污染因子的四季动态监测研究[J].中国奶牛,2013,(20):64-67.
8 魏玉明,郝怀志,何振富.中小型奶牛场奶牛粪便两种处理模式效果分析[J].甘肃科技,2009,25(16):40-41.
9 刘春龙,袁立,任燕锋,等.奶牛场牛粪生物质资源利用展望[A].中国奶业协会.第二届中国奶业大会论文集[C].北京:中国奶业协会,2011.97-100.