不同磷水平对“锦丰”梨光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响
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摘要
以"锦丰"梨为试材,采用水培试验方法,研究了不同磷浓度(0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5 mmol·L~(-1))对其叶片光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响,以期为梨树的合理施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、水分利用效率(WUE)、初始荧光(Fo)、最大荧光(Fm)、可变荧光(Fv)、叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)和类胡萝卜素(Car)均随磷浓度的升高呈先增加后降低的趋势,至1.5 mmol·L~(-1)处达到最大值,比缺磷处理(0 mmol·L~(-1))分别提高78.0%、31.3%、37.2%、9.04%、9.49%、9.57%、42.7%、60.9%和37.8%,表明此供磷水平下,"锦丰"梨叶片光合性能最强。由此可见,在该试验条件下,栽培梨树的最佳磷浓度为1.5 mmo·L~(-1)。
'Jinfeng' pear was taken as test material,the effects of different phosphorus(P) levels(0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 mmol·L~(-1)) on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of pear leaves were studied by using hydroponics experiment in order to provide theoretical basis forrational fertilization of pear trees.The results indicated that the Pn,Tr,WUE,Fo,Fm,Fv,Chl a,Chl b and Car were increased at firstly and then decreased with the increasing of P concentrations,under the treatment of 1.5 mmol·L~(-1),those indexes were the highest,which were increased by 78.0%,31.3%,37.2%,9.04%,9.49%,9.57%,42.7%,60.9% and 37.8% respectively compared with the treatment of 0 mmol·L~(-1).The results showed that the photosynthetic performance of 'Jinfeng' pear was the best under the phosphorus supply.Therefore,the optimum phosphorus concentration of the cultivated pear was 1.5 mmol·L~(-1) under the conditions of this test.
'Jinfeng' pear was taken as test material,the effects of different phosphorus(P) levels(0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 mmol·L~(-1)) on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of pear leaves were studied by using hydroponics experiment in order to provide theoretical basis forrational fertilization of pear trees.The results indicated that the Pn,Tr,WUE,Fo,Fm,Fv,Chl a,Chl b and Car were increased at firstly and then decreased with the increasing of P concentrations,under the treatment of 1.5 mmol·L~(-1),those indexes were the highest,which were increased by 78.0%,31.3%,37.2%,9.04%,9.49%,9.57%,42.7%,60.9% and 37.8% respectively compared with the treatment of 0 mmol·L~(-1).The results showed that the photosynthetic performance of 'Jinfeng' pear was the best under the phosphorus supply.Therefore,the optimum phosphorus concentration of the cultivated pear was 1.5 mmol·L~(-1) under the conditions of this test.
引文
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[3] 萧浪涛,王三根.植物生理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004:71-162.
[4] 齐敏兴,刘晓静,张晓磊.不同磷水平对紫花苜蓿光合作用和根瘤固氮特性的影响[J].草地学报,2013,21(3):512-516.
[5] 王菲,曹翠玲.磷水平对不同磷效率小麦叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(3):758-762.
[6] 陈思宁,黄永芳,邓建忠,等磷元素对受铝胁迫的高州油茶幼苗光合作用的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(3):115-139.
[7] 柴仲平,王雪梅,蒋平安,等.氮、磷、钾配施对库尔勒香梨长势与产量的影响[J].核农学报,2013,27(7):1048-1053.
[8] 柴仲平,王雪梅,陈波浪,等.氮、磷、钾对库尔勒香梨果实中矿质元素含量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2013(3):83-86.
[9] 郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲,等.植物生理学实验[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004.
[10] PORTER J R,LAWLOR D W.Plant growth:Interaction with nutrition and environment[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1991:54-59.
[11] 陆景陵.植物营养学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1994:35-36.
[12] 冯磊,刘世琦,成波,等.不同水培磷素水平对大蒜产量、光合特性和品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2014(3):38-43.
[13] 樊卫国,王立新.纽荷尔脐橙幼树对不同供磷水平的光合响应[J].果树学报,2012,29(2):166-170.
[14] 李跃娜,侯立刚,齐春艳,等.不同磷素营养水平对水稻剑叶光合特性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(32):18035-18037.
[15] 张海伟,徐芳森.不同磷水平下甘蓝型油菜光合特性的基因型差异研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(5):1196-1202.
[16] 樊卫国,王立新.不同供磷水平对纽荷尔脐橙幼树生长及叶片营养元素含量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(4):714-725.
[17] 朱隆静,喻景权.不同供磷水平对番茄生长和光合作用的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2005,17(3):120-122.