不同风信子品种花色测定及花色素成分分析
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摘要
花色是观赏植物的主要观赏特性之一。本研究采用RHSCC和NF-333型色差仪对32个品种的风信子进行花色测定,然后用盐酸、氨水、石油醚对其中的27个品种进行显色反应确定花色素类型。结果显示,32个品种的风信子可分为7大色系:橘黄色系、蓝色系、黄色系、白色系;、紫色系、红色系、粉色系。进行显色反应的27个品种均不含有类胡萝卜素,黄色系和白色系花瓣中不含花色素苷,红色花‘Jan Bos’花瓣中含有黄酮醇类物质,其余品种花瓣含有黄酮类物质。本研究为风信子花色素的分离和结构鉴定提供了一定的理论基础及技术支持。
Flower color is one of the main ornamental features of ornamental plants. In this study, the color of 32 hyacinth cultivars was determined by RHSCC and NF-333 colorimeter, and then we determined the anthocyanin types by color reaction of 27 varieties with hydrochloric acid, ammonia water and petroleum ether. The results showed that hyacinths of 32 cultivars could be divided into seven major color systems: orange, blue, yellow, white,purple, red and pink. 27 cultivars for color reaction contained no carotenoids, yellow and white peduncle contained no anthocyanin, the red flower 'Jan Bos' contained flavonols in the petals, and the remaining petals contained flavonoids. This study provided a certain theoretical basis and technical support for the separation and structure identification of hyacinth anthocyanidins.
Flower color is one of the main ornamental features of ornamental plants. In this study, the color of 32 hyacinth cultivars was determined by RHSCC and NF-333 colorimeter, and then we determined the anthocyanin types by color reaction of 27 varieties with hydrochloric acid, ammonia water and petroleum ether. The results showed that hyacinths of 32 cultivars could be divided into seven major color systems: orange, blue, yellow, white,purple, red and pink. 27 cultivars for color reaction contained no carotenoids, yellow and white peduncle contained no anthocyanin, the red flower 'Jan Bos' contained flavonols in the petals, and the remaining petals contained flavonoids. This study provided a certain theoretical basis and technical support for the separation and structure identification of hyacinth anthocyanidins.
引文
Chen J.,LüC.P.,C hen C.T.,Fu S.S.,and Chen H.X.,2009,Components of flower pigments in the petals of different color Gerbera jamesonii,Hunan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)),35(S1):73-76(陈建,吕长平,陈晨甜,浮双双,陈海霞,2009,不同花色非洲菊品种花色素成分初步分析,湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),35(S1):73-76)
Chen S.M.,Zhu X.R.,Chen F.D.,Luo H.L.,LüG.S.,Fang W.M.,and Zhang Z.,2010,Expression profiles of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in chrysanthemum cultivars with different flower colors,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica),30(3):453-458(陈素梅,朱喜荣,陈发棣,罗火林,吕国胜,房伟民,章镇,2010,不同花色菊花品种花色素结构基因的表达特性,西北植物学报,30(3):453-458)
Dai S.L.,Huang H.,Fu J.X.,and Hong Y.,2013,Advances in molecular breeding of ornamental plants,Zhiwu Xuebao(Bulletin of Botany),48(6):589-607(戴思兰,黄河,付建新,洪艳,2013,观赏植物分子育种研究进展,植物学报,48(6):589-607)
Guo H.F.,Zhang Y.L.,Niu L.X.,and Luo J.R.,2015,Petal pigments of eight wild Lilium species native to China,Xibei Nonglin Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northwest A&F U-niversity(Natural Science Edition)),43(3):98-104(郭鸿飞,张延龙,牛立新,罗建让,2015,8种中国野生百合花色素成分分析,西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),43(3):98-104)
Han K.T.,Hu K.,and Dai S.L.,2008,Flower color breeding by molecular design in ornamentals,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),6(1):16-24(韩科厅,胡可,戴思兰,2008,观赏植物花色的分子设计,分子植物育种,6(1):16-24)
Hou D.,2014,Analysis of floral scent and pigment constituents and the reflectance to temperature fluctuation in Osmanthus fragrans,Thesis for M.S.,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Supervisor:Zhao H.B.,pp.1-10(侯丹,2014,桂花主要品种花香和花色及其对温度变化的响应,硕士学位论文,浙江农林大学,导师:赵宏波,pp.1-10)
Li F.T.,Chen X.L.,Liu C.G.,Sun Y.,Ma H.,Zhang T.,and Bao J.Z.,2012,Effects of different nutrient solutions on growth and ornamental quality of hydroponic Hyacinthus orientalis L.,Zhongnan Linye Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology),32(10):130-134(李风童,陈秀兰,刘春贵,孙叶,马辉,张甜,包建忠,2012,不同配方营养液对水培风信子生长及观赏品质的影响,中南林业科技大学学报,32(10):130-134)
Nishihara M.,and Nakatsuka T.,2011,Genetic engineering of flavonoid pigments to modify flower color in floricultural plants,Biotechnology Letters,33(3):433-441
Sun W.,Li C.H.,Wang L.S.,Dai S.L.,and Xu Y.J.,2009,Anthocyanins present in flowers of senecio cruentus with different colors,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),36(12):1775-1782(孙卫,李崇晖,王亮生,戴思兰,徐彦军,2009,花青苷成分对瓜叶菊花色的影响,园艺学报,36(12):1775-1782)
Sun Y.,Bao J.Z.,Liu C.G.,Li F.T.,and Chen X.L.,2015,Progresses on genetic engineering in orchid floral color,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),29(9):1701-1710(孙叶,包建忠,刘春贵,李风童,陈秀兰,2015,兰花花色基因工程研究进展,核农学报,29(9):1701-1710)
Tao X.H.,Yuan Y.,Xu Y.Q.,Shi Y.M.,and Tang D.Q.,2015,Anthocyanin profiles in petals of different Hyacinthus orientalis,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),42(2):301-310(陶秀花,袁媛,徐怡倩,史益敏,唐东芹,2015,风信子花瓣花色苷组成分析,园艺学报,42(2):301-310)
Wang L.S.,Hashimoto F.,Shiraishi A.,Aoki N.,Li J.J.,and Sakata Y.,2004,Chemical taxonomy of the Xibei tree peony from China by floral pigmentation,J.Plant Res.,117(1):47-55
Wang M.L.,Dong C.,Zhu H.L.,Li G.L.,Zhou M.Q.,and Hu Z.L.,2006,Molecular cloning and analysis of chalcone synthase gene in Nelumbo nucifera(Lotus),Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),4(3S):30-35(王曼玲,董臣,朱虹琳,李国林,周明全,胡中立,2006,莲查尔酮合酶基因的克隆及序列分析,分子植物育种,4(3S):30-35)
Zhang G.X.,and Zhou L.Q.,2013,Effects of SA on the growth and flowering of hydroponics Hyacinthus orientalis,Nanjing Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition)),37(5):20-24(张鸽香,周丽琴,2013,水杨酸对水培风信子生长及开花的影响,南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),37(5):20-24)
Zhang Y.Y.,Qi D.M.,Liu H.,Zhang J.C.,Li C.H.,Zhang J.,Wang L.S.,and Liu G.S.,2008,The diversity of flower color of the ornamental sunflower and the relation to anthocyanins,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),35(6):863-868(张圆圆,齐冬梅,刘辉,张继冲,李崇晖,张洁,王亮生,刘公社,2008,观赏向日葵的花色多样性及其与花青苷的关系,园艺学报,35(6):863-868)
Zhao C.L.,Guo W.M.,and Chen J.Y.,2004,Preliminary study on the categories and contents of the flower color pigments of Prunus mume Sieb.Et Zucc,Beijing Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Beijing Forestry University),26(2):68-73(赵昶灵,郭维明,陈俊愉,2004,梅花花色色素种类和含量的初步研究,北京林业大学学报,26(2):68-73)
Chen S.M.,Zhu X.R.,Chen F.D.,Luo H.L.,LüG.S.,Fang W.M.,and Zhang Z.,2010,Expression profiles of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in chrysanthemum cultivars with different flower colors,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica),30(3):453-458(陈素梅,朱喜荣,陈发棣,罗火林,吕国胜,房伟民,章镇,2010,不同花色菊花品种花色素结构基因的表达特性,西北植物学报,30(3):453-458)
Dai S.L.,Huang H.,Fu J.X.,and Hong Y.,2013,Advances in molecular breeding of ornamental plants,Zhiwu Xuebao(Bulletin of Botany),48(6):589-607(戴思兰,黄河,付建新,洪艳,2013,观赏植物分子育种研究进展,植物学报,48(6):589-607)
Guo H.F.,Zhang Y.L.,Niu L.X.,and Luo J.R.,2015,Petal pigments of eight wild Lilium species native to China,Xibei Nonglin Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northwest A&F U-niversity(Natural Science Edition)),43(3):98-104(郭鸿飞,张延龙,牛立新,罗建让,2015,8种中国野生百合花色素成分分析,西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),43(3):98-104)
Han K.T.,Hu K.,and Dai S.L.,2008,Flower color breeding by molecular design in ornamentals,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),6(1):16-24(韩科厅,胡可,戴思兰,2008,观赏植物花色的分子设计,分子植物育种,6(1):16-24)
Hou D.,2014,Analysis of floral scent and pigment constituents and the reflectance to temperature fluctuation in Osmanthus fragrans,Thesis for M.S.,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Supervisor:Zhao H.B.,pp.1-10(侯丹,2014,桂花主要品种花香和花色及其对温度变化的响应,硕士学位论文,浙江农林大学,导师:赵宏波,pp.1-10)
Li F.T.,Chen X.L.,Liu C.G.,Sun Y.,Ma H.,Zhang T.,and Bao J.Z.,2012,Effects of different nutrient solutions on growth and ornamental quality of hydroponic Hyacinthus orientalis L.,Zhongnan Linye Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology),32(10):130-134(李风童,陈秀兰,刘春贵,孙叶,马辉,张甜,包建忠,2012,不同配方营养液对水培风信子生长及观赏品质的影响,中南林业科技大学学报,32(10):130-134)
Nishihara M.,and Nakatsuka T.,2011,Genetic engineering of flavonoid pigments to modify flower color in floricultural plants,Biotechnology Letters,33(3):433-441
Sun W.,Li C.H.,Wang L.S.,Dai S.L.,and Xu Y.J.,2009,Anthocyanins present in flowers of senecio cruentus with different colors,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),36(12):1775-1782(孙卫,李崇晖,王亮生,戴思兰,徐彦军,2009,花青苷成分对瓜叶菊花色的影响,园艺学报,36(12):1775-1782)
Sun Y.,Bao J.Z.,Liu C.G.,Li F.T.,and Chen X.L.,2015,Progresses on genetic engineering in orchid floral color,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),29(9):1701-1710(孙叶,包建忠,刘春贵,李风童,陈秀兰,2015,兰花花色基因工程研究进展,核农学报,29(9):1701-1710)
Tao X.H.,Yuan Y.,Xu Y.Q.,Shi Y.M.,and Tang D.Q.,2015,Anthocyanin profiles in petals of different Hyacinthus orientalis,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),42(2):301-310(陶秀花,袁媛,徐怡倩,史益敏,唐东芹,2015,风信子花瓣花色苷组成分析,园艺学报,42(2):301-310)
Wang L.S.,Hashimoto F.,Shiraishi A.,Aoki N.,Li J.J.,and Sakata Y.,2004,Chemical taxonomy of the Xibei tree peony from China by floral pigmentation,J.Plant Res.,117(1):47-55
Wang M.L.,Dong C.,Zhu H.L.,Li G.L.,Zhou M.Q.,and Hu Z.L.,2006,Molecular cloning and analysis of chalcone synthase gene in Nelumbo nucifera(Lotus),Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),4(3S):30-35(王曼玲,董臣,朱虹琳,李国林,周明全,胡中立,2006,莲查尔酮合酶基因的克隆及序列分析,分子植物育种,4(3S):30-35)
Zhang G.X.,and Zhou L.Q.,2013,Effects of SA on the growth and flowering of hydroponics Hyacinthus orientalis,Nanjing Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition)),37(5):20-24(张鸽香,周丽琴,2013,水杨酸对水培风信子生长及开花的影响,南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),37(5):20-24)
Zhang Y.Y.,Qi D.M.,Liu H.,Zhang J.C.,Li C.H.,Zhang J.,Wang L.S.,and Liu G.S.,2008,The diversity of flower color of the ornamental sunflower and the relation to anthocyanins,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),35(6):863-868(张圆圆,齐冬梅,刘辉,张继冲,李崇晖,张洁,王亮生,刘公社,2008,观赏向日葵的花色多样性及其与花青苷的关系,园艺学报,35(6):863-868)
Zhao C.L.,Guo W.M.,and Chen J.Y.,2004,Preliminary study on the categories and contents of the flower color pigments of Prunus mume Sieb.Et Zucc,Beijing Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Beijing Forestry University),26(2):68-73(赵昶灵,郭维明,陈俊愉,2004,梅花花色色素种类和含量的初步研究,北京林业大学学报,26(2):68-73)