闽西山区养殖棘胸蛙两性异形
|
摘要
通过测量和比较采自福建闽西山区棘胸蛙(雌雄各82只)的体质量、头体长、吻长、头长、头宽、前足长、前肢长、后足长、后肢长、眼间距、鼻间距、肩宽、肩肛距和眼径等14个两性形态学指标,研究养殖群体棘胸蛙的两性异形。结果表明,除吻长、眼间距和眼径外,其余11项测量值均呈现出雄性显著大于雌性(P<0.05),雌性与雄性的平均头体长比值为1.073,异形指数为0.068。在控制体质量的基础上得出,雄性头体长、吻长和眼径与体质量间存在显著相关(P<0.05);雌性头体长、前肢长和肩宽与体质量间存在显著相关(P<0.05)。经多元回归分析,分别建立了表型性状对体质量的多元回归方程:雄性体质量=3.620×头体长+0.626×后肢长-5.847×眼径+0.728×吻长-269.868;雌性体质量=2.914×头体长+1.502×前肢长+1.521×肩宽-304.518。闽西山区棘胸蛙两性异形可能是在性选择压力和生育力压力共同作用下,物种自然选择和系统演化的结果。
The present study compared the differences of 14 morphological traits,including body weight(BW),snout-urostyle length(SUL),snout length(SL),head length(HL),shoulder-to-anal length(SAL),froe foot length(FFL),fore limb length(FLL),hind foot length(HFL),hind limb length(HLL),interorbital space(IS),internasal distance(INS),head width(HW),shoulder width(SW)and eye diameter(ED)between the females and the males of Paa spinosa in mountainous areas of the western Fujian.The results showed that except snout length,interorbital space and eye diameter,the other 11 measurements values were significantly larger in males than in females(P<0.05).The index of sexual dimorphism reached 0.068 and males Paa spinosa frogs were on average 7.3% longer in body length than that of the females.There was a significant correlation between snout-urostyle length,snout length,eye diameter and body weight in males(P<0.05).There was a significant correlation between snout-urostyle length,fore limb length and shoulder width and body weight in females(P<0.05).Multiple regression equations were used to estimate body weight and body traits.The equation for BW of the males was BW(♂)=3.620×SUL+0.626×HLL-5.847×ED+0.728×SL-269.868.Similarly,the equation for females was BW(♀)=2.914×SUL+1.502×FLL+1.521×SW-304.518.The sexual dimorphism of P.spinosa might be the result of natural selection and systematic evolution under the combined action of sexual selection on males and breeding pressure on females.
The present study compared the differences of 14 morphological traits,including body weight(BW),snout-urostyle length(SUL),snout length(SL),head length(HL),shoulder-to-anal length(SAL),froe foot length(FFL),fore limb length(FLL),hind foot length(HFL),hind limb length(HLL),interorbital space(IS),internasal distance(INS),head width(HW),shoulder width(SW)and eye diameter(ED)between the females and the males of Paa spinosa in mountainous areas of the western Fujian.The results showed that except snout length,interorbital space and eye diameter,the other 11 measurements values were significantly larger in males than in females(P<0.05).The index of sexual dimorphism reached 0.068 and males Paa spinosa frogs were on average 7.3% longer in body length than that of the females.There was a significant correlation between snout-urostyle length,snout length,eye diameter and body weight in males(P<0.05).There was a significant correlation between snout-urostyle length,fore limb length and shoulder width and body weight in females(P<0.05).Multiple regression equations were used to estimate body weight and body traits.The equation for BW of the males was BW(♂)=3.620×SUL+0.626×HLL-5.847×ED+0.728×SL-269.868.Similarly,the equation for females was BW(♀)=2.914×SUL+1.502×FLL+1.521×SW-304.518.The sexual dimorphism of P.spinosa might be the result of natural selection and systematic evolution under the combined action of sexual selection on males and breeding pressure on females.
引文
[1]Yu Baogen,Zheng Rongquan,Zhang Yun,et al.Geographic variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the giant spiny frog Paa spinosa(David,1875)(Anura:Ranoidae)[J].Journal of Natural History,2010,44(27-28):1729-174．
[2]Andersson M.Sexual selection[M].Princeton:Princeton University Press,1994．
[3]李殿伟，郝婧玮，金志民，等．中华蟾蜍两性异形研究[J]．牡丹江师范学院学报(自然科学版)，2014,89(4):35-37．
[4]胡一中，代亚如，程岩岩，等．华南湍蛙的两性异形[J]．浙江师范大学学报(自然科学版)，2015,38(1):23-27．
[5]郑荣泉，杜卫国，寿鹿．黑斑侧褶蛀的两性异形和雌性繁殖特征[J]．动物学杂志，2002,37(4):11-18．
[6]Shine R.Sexual selection and sexual dimorphism in the amphibia[J].Copeia,1979,(2):297-306．
[7]Darwin C.The descent of man and selection in relation to sex[M].London:John Murray,1871:1-12．
[8]肖调义，赵玉蓉，章怀玉，等．人工饲养棘胸蛙蝌蚪变态发育的研究[J]．水利渔业，2004,24(1):19-20．
[9]陈雯，俞宝根，郑荣泉，等．温度对棘胸蛙胚胎发育及蝌蚪表型特征的影响[J]．贵州农业科学，2010,38(1):108-110．
[10]丁松林，郑宝成．棘胸蛙繁育特性研究[J]．四川动物，2009,28(4):602-604．
[11]詹忠根，刘悦，黄伟素，等．棘胸蛙种质资源研究进展[J]．中国农学通报，2016,32(2):77-81．
[12]谢海妹，袁久尧．棘胸蛙养殖关键技术研究[J]．浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版)，2007,26(4):457-460．
[13]凌云，邵晨，颉志刚，等．低温暴露和恢复对棘胸蛙雌性亚成体生存力及能量物质消耗的影响[J]．生态学报，2012,32(18):5763-5769．
[14]路庆芳，郑荣泉，刘春涛，等．湖南平江棘胸蛙两性异形和雌性个体生育力[J]．浙江师范大学学报(自然科学版)，2008,31(2):220-224．
[15]杨程，富裕，朱卫东，等．四明山脉溪流区水产经济动物棘胸蛙(Paa spinosa)同生群两性亲体间的形质差异[J]．海洋与湖沼，2015,46(4):853-860．
[16]吴晓雯，李晗慧，焦振鑫，等．棘胸蛙两性形态特征在个体发育过程中的变化[J]．滁州学院学报，2014,16(5):33-36．
[17]Gibbons J W,Lovich J E.Sexual dimorphism in turtles with emphasis on the slider turtle(Trachemys scripta)[J].Herpetological Monographs,1990,4:1-29．
[18]徐峰，廖灏泓，杨维康．旱地沙蜥的两性异形[J]．四川动物，2015,34(6):859-862．
[19]Bonnet X,Shine R,Naulleau G,et al.Sexual dimnrphism in snakes:different reproductive roles favour different body plans[J].Proceeding of the Royal Society of London B,1998,265(7):179-183．
[20]何南，武正军，蔡凤金，等．鳄蜥的两性异形[J]．生态学杂志，2011,30(1):7-11．
[21]万宏富，齐银，郭宪光，等．青海沙蜥红原亚种成体腹部和尾尖腹面色斑两性异形与季节变化的初步研究[J]．四川动物，2011,30(1):54-59．
[22]Powell G L,Ressell A P.Growth and sexual size dimorphism in Aiberta populations of the eastern shorthomed lizard,Phrgonosoma douglassi brevirostre[J].Canadian Journal of Zoology,1985,63(1):139-154．
[23]寿鹿，杜卫国，舒霖．金线侧褶蛙和泽陆蛙的两性异形与生育力[J]．生态学报，2005,25(4):664-668．
[24]李成．臭蛙类第二性征的多样性与进化研究(两栖纲:蛙科)[C]//两栖爬行动物学研究．亚洲两栖爬行动物学第四届国际学术会议专辑(第8辑)．南京:东南大学出版社出版，2000．
[25]陈旭，张方，陈潘，等．凹耳蛙的两性异形[J]．四川动物，2013,32(1):73-77．
[26]Schoener T W,Slade J B,Stinson C H.Diet and sexual dimorphism in the very catholic lizard genus,Leiocephalus of the Bahamas[J].Oecologia,1982,53(2):160-169．
[27]李万宝．南平市丘陵山区棘胸蛙的生态调查[J]．中国水产，2015,(6):63-65．
[28]Shine R.Proximate determiants of sexual differences in adult body size[J].The American Naturalist,1990,135(2):278-283．
[29]Suamps J A.Sexual size dimorphism in species with asymptotic growth after maturity[J].Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,1993,50(2):123-145．
[30]孙儒泳，李庆芬，牛翠娟，等．基础生态学[M]．北京:高等教育出版社，2002:100-114．
[31]Kolota G B.Sexual dimorphism and mating systems:how did they evolve?[J].Science,1977,195(4276):382-383．
[32]Angilletta Jr M J,Sears M W.The metabolic cost of reproduction in an oviparous lizard[J].Functional Ecology,2001,14(1):39-45．
[33]Kyriakopoulou-Sklavounou P,Stylianou P,Tsiora A.A skeletochronological study of age,growth and longevity in a population of the frog Rana ridibunda from southern Europe[J].Zoology,2008,111(1):30-36.
[2]Andersson M.Sexual selection[M].Princeton:Princeton University Press,1994．
[3]李殿伟，郝婧玮，金志民，等．中华蟾蜍两性异形研究[J]．牡丹江师范学院学报(自然科学版)，2014,89(4):35-37．
[4]胡一中，代亚如，程岩岩，等．华南湍蛙的两性异形[J]．浙江师范大学学报(自然科学版)，2015,38(1):23-27．
[5]郑荣泉，杜卫国，寿鹿．黑斑侧褶蛀的两性异形和雌性繁殖特征[J]．动物学杂志，2002,37(4):11-18．
[6]Shine R.Sexual selection and sexual dimorphism in the amphibia[J].Copeia,1979,(2):297-306．
[7]Darwin C.The descent of man and selection in relation to sex[M].London:John Murray,1871:1-12．
[8]肖调义，赵玉蓉，章怀玉，等．人工饲养棘胸蛙蝌蚪变态发育的研究[J]．水利渔业，2004,24(1):19-20．
[9]陈雯，俞宝根，郑荣泉，等．温度对棘胸蛙胚胎发育及蝌蚪表型特征的影响[J]．贵州农业科学，2010,38(1):108-110．
[10]丁松林，郑宝成．棘胸蛙繁育特性研究[J]．四川动物，2009,28(4):602-604．
[11]詹忠根，刘悦，黄伟素，等．棘胸蛙种质资源研究进展[J]．中国农学通报，2016,32(2):77-81．
[12]谢海妹，袁久尧．棘胸蛙养殖关键技术研究[J]．浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版)，2007,26(4):457-460．
[13]凌云，邵晨，颉志刚，等．低温暴露和恢复对棘胸蛙雌性亚成体生存力及能量物质消耗的影响[J]．生态学报，2012,32(18):5763-5769．
[14]路庆芳，郑荣泉，刘春涛，等．湖南平江棘胸蛙两性异形和雌性个体生育力[J]．浙江师范大学学报(自然科学版)，2008,31(2):220-224．
[15]杨程，富裕，朱卫东，等．四明山脉溪流区水产经济动物棘胸蛙(Paa spinosa)同生群两性亲体间的形质差异[J]．海洋与湖沼，2015,46(4):853-860．
[16]吴晓雯，李晗慧，焦振鑫，等．棘胸蛙两性形态特征在个体发育过程中的变化[J]．滁州学院学报，2014,16(5):33-36．
[17]Gibbons J W,Lovich J E.Sexual dimorphism in turtles with emphasis on the slider turtle(Trachemys scripta)[J].Herpetological Monographs,1990,4:1-29．
[18]徐峰，廖灏泓，杨维康．旱地沙蜥的两性异形[J]．四川动物，2015,34(6):859-862．
[19]Bonnet X,Shine R,Naulleau G,et al.Sexual dimnrphism in snakes:different reproductive roles favour different body plans[J].Proceeding of the Royal Society of London B,1998,265(7):179-183．
[20]何南，武正军，蔡凤金，等．鳄蜥的两性异形[J]．生态学杂志，2011,30(1):7-11．
[21]万宏富，齐银，郭宪光，等．青海沙蜥红原亚种成体腹部和尾尖腹面色斑两性异形与季节变化的初步研究[J]．四川动物，2011,30(1):54-59．
[22]Powell G L,Ressell A P.Growth and sexual size dimorphism in Aiberta populations of the eastern shorthomed lizard,Phrgonosoma douglassi brevirostre[J].Canadian Journal of Zoology,1985,63(1):139-154．
[23]寿鹿，杜卫国，舒霖．金线侧褶蛙和泽陆蛙的两性异形与生育力[J]．生态学报，2005,25(4):664-668．
[24]李成．臭蛙类第二性征的多样性与进化研究(两栖纲:蛙科)[C]//两栖爬行动物学研究．亚洲两栖爬行动物学第四届国际学术会议专辑(第8辑)．南京:东南大学出版社出版，2000．
[25]陈旭，张方，陈潘，等．凹耳蛙的两性异形[J]．四川动物，2013,32(1):73-77．
[26]Schoener T W,Slade J B,Stinson C H.Diet and sexual dimorphism in the very catholic lizard genus,Leiocephalus of the Bahamas[J].Oecologia,1982,53(2):160-169．
[27]李万宝．南平市丘陵山区棘胸蛙的生态调查[J]．中国水产，2015,(6):63-65．
[28]Shine R.Proximate determiants of sexual differences in adult body size[J].The American Naturalist,1990,135(2):278-283．
[29]Suamps J A.Sexual size dimorphism in species with asymptotic growth after maturity[J].Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,1993,50(2):123-145．
[30]孙儒泳，李庆芬，牛翠娟，等．基础生态学[M]．北京:高等教育出版社，2002:100-114．
[31]Kolota G B.Sexual dimorphism and mating systems:how did they evolve?[J].Science,1977,195(4276):382-383．
[32]Angilletta Jr M J,Sears M W.The metabolic cost of reproduction in an oviparous lizard[J].Functional Ecology,2001,14(1):39-45．
[33]Kyriakopoulou-Sklavounou P,Stylianou P,Tsiora A.A skeletochronological study of age,growth and longevity in a population of the frog Rana ridibunda from southern Europe[J].Zoology,2008,111(1):30-36.