不同种源地乐东拟单性木兰种子的形态特征及萌发特性研究
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摘要
为研究乐东拟单性木兰种子的形态特征和种子的发芽率在不同种源间的差异,选取湖南新宁、福建武夷山的乐东拟单性木兰种子作为研究材料,测定果实和种子的纵、横径、千粒重、含水量、果实的出种率等指标,并通过种子发芽试验,分析不同种源地种子的发芽率及幼苗生长情况。结果表明:新宁果实的出种率为19.8%,武夷山果实的出种率为12%;新宁种子纵径9.81 mm,横径7.57 mm,千粒重156.28 g,含水量11.1%;武夷山种子纵径7.04 mm,横径6.61 mm,千粒重111.38 g,含水量8.46%;新宁种子发芽率为87%,武夷山种子发芽率为82%;新宁幼苗株高为9.17 cm、地径为2.31 mm,武夷山幼苗株高为6.23 cm、地径为2.0 mm。方差分析表明,不同种源间种子纵、横径、果实出种率、千粒重、含水量有极显著差异;不同种源间种子的发芽率、幼苗株高、地径生长量有显著差异,发芽率与种子形态特征呈正相关。说明种子的形态特征影响种子的萌发特性,相对较大的种子出种率较高,发芽率较大,幼苗的生长量也较大。
Using seeds of Parakmeria lotungensis from Xinning Hunan and Wuyishan Fujian as research materials, we measured the longitudinal and transverse diameter, thousand seed weight, water content of seeds,and the seed percentage of fruits. Through seed germination experiments, we analyzed the germination rate and seedling growth, and clarified the difference of morphological characteristics and germination rate between seeds from different provenances. Results showed that: the seed percentage was 19.8% of Xinning fruits, and was 12% of Wuyishan fruits. The longitudinal diameter of Xinning seeds was 9.81 mm, the transverse diameter was 7.57 mm, the thousand-kernel-weight(TKW) was 156.28 g, and the water content was 11.1%. The longitudinal diameter of Wuyishan seeds was 7.04 mm, the transverse diameter was 6.61 mm, the thousandkernel-weight(TKW) was 111.38 g, and the water content was 8.46%. The germination rate of Xining seeds and Wuyishan seeds was 87%, and 82%, respectively. The seedling height of Xining was 9.17 cm, and the ground diameters was 2.31 mm. The seedling height of Wuyishan was 6.23 cm, and the ground diameter was2.0 mm. Variance analysis showed that: there were significant differences of the longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter, seed percentage, thousand-kernel-weight(TKW) and water content of seeds from different provenances. There were significant differences of the germination rate of seeds, height and ground diameter of seedling between seeds from different provenances. The germination rate and morphological characteristics were positively correlated, indicating that the morphological characteristics affect the germination characteristics of the seeds, the lager the seed, the higher the seed percentage and the germination rate, and the greater the seedling growth.
Using seeds of Parakmeria lotungensis from Xinning Hunan and Wuyishan Fujian as research materials, we measured the longitudinal and transverse diameter, thousand seed weight, water content of seeds,and the seed percentage of fruits. Through seed germination experiments, we analyzed the germination rate and seedling growth, and clarified the difference of morphological characteristics and germination rate between seeds from different provenances. Results showed that: the seed percentage was 19.8% of Xinning fruits, and was 12% of Wuyishan fruits. The longitudinal diameter of Xinning seeds was 9.81 mm, the transverse diameter was 7.57 mm, the thousand-kernel-weight(TKW) was 156.28 g, and the water content was 11.1%. The longitudinal diameter of Wuyishan seeds was 7.04 mm, the transverse diameter was 6.61 mm, the thousandkernel-weight(TKW) was 111.38 g, and the water content was 8.46%. The germination rate of Xining seeds and Wuyishan seeds was 87%, and 82%, respectively. The seedling height of Xining was 9.17 cm, and the ground diameters was 2.31 mm. The seedling height of Wuyishan was 6.23 cm, and the ground diameter was2.0 mm. Variance analysis showed that: there were significant differences of the longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter, seed percentage, thousand-kernel-weight(TKW) and water content of seeds from different provenances. There were significant differences of the germination rate of seeds, height and ground diameter of seedling between seeds from different provenances. The germination rate and morphological characteristics were positively correlated, indicating that the morphological characteristics affect the germination characteristics of the seeds, the lager the seed, the higher the seed percentage and the germination rate, and the greater the seedling growth.
引文
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[20]桑红梅,彭祚登,李吉跃.我国林木种子活力研究进展[J].种子,2006,25(6):55-59.
[21]向光锋,田晓明,颜立红,等.种子贮藏和播种方式对红椆发芽及苗木生长的影响[J].湖南林业科技,2014,41(5):37-39.
[22]张艳,袁涛.野生草本花卉种子萌发特性研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(3):67-73.
[23]李阳,饶龙兵,郭洪英.16种桤木属植物种子发芽和幼苗生长比较分析[J].中国农学通报,2014.30(1):77-84.
[24]武高林,杜国祯.植物种子大小与幼苗生长策略研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(1):191-197.
[25]周峰.植物种子的进化[J].种子,2015,34(10):44-46.
[26]滕贵波.欧洲林木育种研究进展[J].防护林科技,2017,163(4):63-64.
[2]林同龙.乐东拟单性木兰木材物理力学性质的研究[J].福建林学院学报,2011,31(4):381-384.
[3]许小过,聂超仁,李鹏,等.乐东拟单性木兰在武汉引种表现及园林应用[J].现代园艺,2013(11).048.
[4]林书荣.乐东拟单性木兰全光扦插试验[J].防护林科技,2007,81(6):37-39.
[5]黄雪羚.乐东拟单性木兰穴盘育苗技术[J].林业科技开发,2005,19(6):73-74.
[6]向光锋,颜立红,蒋利媛,等.不同基质对乐东拟单性木兰容器苗生长的影响[J].湖南林业科技,2016,43(6):22-25.
[7]覃智慧,李远发,唐春红,等.低温胁迫对乐东拟单性木兰幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J].山东林业科技,2011,192(1):23-26.
[8]岑百花,李远发,刘卫伟,等.盐胁迫对乐东拟单性木兰幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].广西农业科学,2009,40(5):486-489.
[9]李远发,文嘉燕,黄晓倩,等.水分胁迫对乐东拟单性木兰幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(15):7281-7282,7293.
[10]李淑娴,高莹莹,李运红,等.种子含水量的测定方法及展望[J].种子,2010,10(29):57-60.
[11]解楠楠,骆文坚,姜琴,等.温度与含水量对金钱松种子贮藏的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2011,33(6):1100-1106.
[12]向光锋,颜立红,田晓明,等.不同基质对厚果鸡血藤种子萌发及容器苗生长的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(1):141-145.
[13]王友凤,马祥庆.林木种子萌发的生理生态学机理研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2007,20(4):19-23.
[14]杨洁晶,万娟娟,娜丽克斯.28种植物种子形态学性状及其萌发对绵羊瘤胃消化的反应[J].草业学报,2015,24(2):104-115.
[15]何应会,蒋燚,黄荣林,等.不同种源江南油杉球果种子品质差异[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(11):38-41.
[16]周峰,华春,贲爱玲,等.种子活力和作物产量[J].种子,2017,36(3):50-53.
[17]孙群,王建华,孙宝启.种子活力的生理和遗传机理研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(1):48-53.
[18]李振华,王建华.种子活力与萌发的生理与分子机制研究进展[J].中国农业科学2015,48(4):646-660.
[19]闫慧芳,夏方山,毛培胜.种子老化及活力修复研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(3):20-26.
[20]桑红梅,彭祚登,李吉跃.我国林木种子活力研究进展[J].种子,2006,25(6):55-59.
[21]向光锋,田晓明,颜立红,等.种子贮藏和播种方式对红椆发芽及苗木生长的影响[J].湖南林业科技,2014,41(5):37-39.
[22]张艳,袁涛.野生草本花卉种子萌发特性研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(3):67-73.
[23]李阳,饶龙兵,郭洪英.16种桤木属植物种子发芽和幼苗生长比较分析[J].中国农学通报,2014.30(1):77-84.
[24]武高林,杜国祯.植物种子大小与幼苗生长策略研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(1):191-197.
[25]周峰.植物种子的进化[J].种子,2015,34(10):44-46.
[26]滕贵波.欧洲林木育种研究进展[J].防护林科技,2017,163(4):63-64.