基于数值模型的场地地下水污染风险评价方法研究
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摘要
地下水污染风险评价是开展场地风险管控工作的基础,目前针对场地地下水污染风险研究多侧重于健康风险,较少关注地下水受污染的风险。为完善场地地下水污染风险评价技术方法体系,本研究针对地表污染物迁移至含水层、污染物在含水层中迁移过程,基于数值模型开展了地下水受污染风险、含水层内污染物迁移的风险评价研究。以我国某造纸厂场地为例,建立了溶质在包气带和含水层中运移的数值模型,评估了该场地地下水污染风险。结果表明,该场地内包气带防污性能较差,地下水受污染的风险很高;含水层内污染物随地下水迁移扩散,并造成场地下游地表水体污染的风险较高。研究成果可为场地地下水污染风险管控提供科技支撑。
Risk assessment of groundwater pollution is the basis for groundwater pollution management and control. The research of pollution risk at contaminated sites pay more attention on the health risk than the pollution risk of groundwater. In order to improve the risk evaluation technical method system of groundwater pollution, the migration process of pollutant in the vadose zone and aquifer was analyzed, and the risk evaluation of groundwater pollution and pollutant migration in the aquifer was carried out by the numerical model. The contaminated site of a paper mill was chosen as the study area in this research. The numerical model of the pollutant migration in the vadose zone and aquifer at the contaminated site was established, and the groundwater pollution risk was evaluated. The evaluation results show that the groundwater vulnerability pollution risk of the site is high, and the river has high pollution risk for the migration of pollutant in the groundwater. The research results could provide a scientific support for management and control of groundwater pollution risk.
Risk assessment of groundwater pollution is the basis for groundwater pollution management and control. The research of pollution risk at contaminated sites pay more attention on the health risk than the pollution risk of groundwater. In order to improve the risk evaluation technical method system of groundwater pollution, the migration process of pollutant in the vadose zone and aquifer was analyzed, and the risk evaluation of groundwater pollution and pollutant migration in the aquifer was carried out by the numerical model. The contaminated site of a paper mill was chosen as the study area in this research. The numerical model of the pollutant migration in the vadose zone and aquifer at the contaminated site was established, and the groundwater pollution risk was evaluated. The evaluation results show that the groundwater vulnerability pollution risk of the site is high, and the river has high pollution risk for the migration of pollutant in the groundwater. The research results could provide a scientific support for management and control of groundwater pollution risk.
引文
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[16]Leone A,Ripa M N,Uricchio V et al.Vulnerability and risk evaluation of agricultural nitrogen pollution for Hungary’s main aquifer using DRASTIC and GLEAMS models[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2009,90(10):2969~2978.
[17]Simu nek J,van Genuchten M Th,ejna M.The Hydrus-1Dsoftware package for simulating the one-dimensional movement of water,heat,and multiple solutes in variably-saturated media[M].University of California Riverside,2005.
[18]Zheng C,Wang P P.A modular three-dimensional multispecies transport model for simulation of advection,dispersion,and chemical reactions of contaminants in groundwater systems[M].Joclsonville:US Army Corps of Engineers,1999.
[19]孙讷正.地下水流的数学模型和数值方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1981.Sun Nazheng.Mathematical model and numerical method of groundwater flow[M].Beijing:Geological Press,1981.(in Chinese)
[20]孙讷正.地下水污染---数学模型和数值方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1989.Sun Nazheng.Mathematical model and numerical method of groundwater pollution[M].Beijing:Geological Press,1989.(in Chinese)
[2]生态环境部.2017中国生态环境状况公报[EB/OL].http://www.zhb.gov.cn/hjzl/zghjzkgb/lnzghjzkgb/,2018-05-31.Ministry of Ecology and Environment.China ecological environment status bulletin 2017[EB/OL].http://www.zhb.gov.cn/hjzl/zghjzkgb/lnzghjzkgb/,2018-05-31.(in Chinese)
[3]国务院.国务院关于印发土壤污染防治行动计划的通知[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-05/31/content_5078377.htm,2016-05-28.The State Council.Notice on the issuance of the action plan for the prevention and control of soil pollution[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-05/31/content_5078377.htm,2016-05-28.(in Chinese)
[4]李春平,吴骏,罗飞等.某有机化工污染场地土壤与地下水风险评估[J].土壤,2013,45(5):933~939.Li Chunping,Wu Jun,Luo Fei et al.Risk assessment of soil and groundwater for an organic chemical contaminated site[J].Soils,2013,45(5):933~939.(in Chinese)
[5]邓安琪,董兆敏,高群等.中国地下水砷健康风险评价[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(9):3556~3565.Deng Anqi,Dong Zhaomin,Gao Qun et al.Health risk assessment of arsenic in groundwater across China[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(9):3556~3565.(in Chinese)
[6]高启凤,张志永,王来龙等.辽化地下水污染健康风险评估[J].环境工程,2017,35(S2):518~521.Gao Qifeng,Zhang Zhiyong,Wang Lailong et al.Health-based risk assessment of contaminated sites in Liaoyang petrochemical company[J].Environmental Engineering,2017,35(S2):518~521.(in Chinese)
[7]刘姝媛,王红旗.某地下水源地有机污染健康风险评价[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(2):174~177.Liu Shuyuan,Wang Hongqi.Health risk assessment of organic pollution in a groundwater source[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2014,37(2):174~177.(in Chinese)
[8]刘宁,杨小娟,范海燕等.基于VOCs污染场地地下水调查的人体健康风险研究[J].环境科学与管理,2017,42(9):29~34.Liu Ning,Yang Xiaojuan,Fan Haiyan et al.Research on human health risk assessment based on VOCs investigation on groundwater of contaminated land[J].Environmental Science and Management,2017,42(9):29~34.(in Chinese)
[9]昌盛,赵兴茹,刘琰等.滹沱河冲洪积扇地下水中挥发性有机物的分布特征与健康风险[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(6):854~862.Chang Sheng,Zhao Xingru,Liu Yan et al.Distribution characteristics and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in groundwater of Hutuo River pluvial fan[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(6):854~862.(in Chinese)
[10]陈卫平,彭程伟,杨阳等.北京市地下水有机氯和有机磷农药健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2018,39(1):117~122.Chen Weiping,Peng Chengwei,Yang Yang et al.Health risk evaluation of organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides in groundwater in Beijing[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(1):117~122.(in Chinese)
[11]赵鹏,何江涛,王曼丽等.地下水污染风险评价中污染源荷载量化方法的对比分析[J].环境科学,2017,38(7):2754~2762.Zhao Peng,He Jiangtao,Wang Manli et al.Comparison and analysis of the quantitative methods for pollutant sources load in groundwater contamination risk assessment[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(7):2754~2762.(in Chinese)
[12]杨昱,廉新颖,马志飞等.污染场地地下水污染风险分级技术方法研究[J].环境工程技术学报,2017,7(3):323~331.Yang Yu,Lian Xinying,Ma Zhifei et al.Risk ranking technology method on groundwater pollution of contaminated sites[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2017,7(3):323~331.(in Chinese)
[13]张伯强,高柏,安达.基于跌置指数法的危险废物填埋场地下水污染风险评价[J].广东化工,2016,43(9):167~170.Zhang Boqiang,Gao Bai,An Da.Contamination risk assessment of groundwater in the landfill of hazardous waste based on the overlay and index methods[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2016,43(9):167~170.(in Chinese)
[14]王建飞,纪华.非正规垃圾填埋场地下水污染风险评价分级方法研究[J].工程勘察,2010,(S1):791~796.Wang Jianfei,Ji Hua.Study on the risk assessment grading method of groundwater pollution in informal landfill[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2010,(S1):791~796.(in Chinese)
[15]Bai L P,Wang Y Y,Meng F S.Application of DRASTIC and extension theory in the groundwater vulnerability evaluation[J].Water and Environment Journal,2012,26(3):381~391.
[16]Leone A,Ripa M N,Uricchio V et al.Vulnerability and risk evaluation of agricultural nitrogen pollution for Hungary’s main aquifer using DRASTIC and GLEAMS models[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2009,90(10):2969~2978.
[17]Simu nek J,van Genuchten M Th,ejna M.The Hydrus-1Dsoftware package for simulating the one-dimensional movement of water,heat,and multiple solutes in variably-saturated media[M].University of California Riverside,2005.
[18]Zheng C,Wang P P.A modular three-dimensional multispecies transport model for simulation of advection,dispersion,and chemical reactions of contaminants in groundwater systems[M].Joclsonville:US Army Corps of Engineers,1999.
[19]孙讷正.地下水流的数学模型和数值方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1981.Sun Nazheng.Mathematical model and numerical method of groundwater flow[M].Beijing:Geological Press,1981.(in Chinese)
[20]孙讷正.地下水污染---数学模型和数值方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1989.Sun Nazheng.Mathematical model and numerical method of groundwater pollution[M].Beijing:Geological Press,1989.(in Chinese)
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