藻渡河大型底栖动物群落结构与功能摄食类群
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摘要
于2016年8月(丰水期)、11月(平水期)和2017年2月(枯水期)对藻渡河流域大型底栖动物群落结构和功能摄食类群进行了调查研究。结果显示:共采集大型底栖动物34种(属),隶属4门14目27科,扁蜉(Heptagenia sp.)、二尾蜉(siph1onurus sp.)、二翼蜉(Cloeon dipterum)、泉膀胱螺(Physa fontinalis)和狭萝卜螺(Radix lagotis)为该地区的优势类群。不同季节Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou丰富度指数和Marglef均匀度差异显著,且枯水期>平水期>丰水期。CCA分析显示丰水期水温、透明度和海拔等是影响藻渡河大型底栖动物空间分布的主要因素。该流域大型底栖动物功能摄食群落以捕食者和刮食者为其优势功能类群,其次是撕食者、收集者和滤食者。
Macroinvertebrate communities were investigated in August,November 2016 and February 2017 in Zaodu River to evaluate the community and functional feeding groups structure in this area.The results showed that a total of 32 macroinvertebrates were found,which belonged to 27 family,14 orders and 4 classes.Heptagenia sp.,Siph1onurus sp.,Cloeon dipterum,Physa fontinalis and Radix lagotis were the dominant groups.Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index of macroinvertebrate communities in the investigation sites were significantly changed with different seasons( dry season > normal season > wet season).Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)indicated that water temperature,transparency and altitude were the main factors influencing the spatial distribution patterns of macroinvertebrate.The study showed that scrapers and predators were the dominant species in Zaodu River,followed by shredders,and the gather-collectors.Moreover,filter-collecters only accounted for a small part.
Macroinvertebrate communities were investigated in August,November 2016 and February 2017 in Zaodu River to evaluate the community and functional feeding groups structure in this area.The results showed that a total of 32 macroinvertebrates were found,which belonged to 27 family,14 orders and 4 classes.Heptagenia sp.,Siph1onurus sp.,Cloeon dipterum,Physa fontinalis and Radix lagotis were the dominant groups.Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index of macroinvertebrate communities in the investigation sites were significantly changed with different seasons( dry season > normal season > wet season).Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)indicated that water temperature,transparency and altitude were the main factors influencing the spatial distribution patterns of macroinvertebrate.The study showed that scrapers and predators were the dominant species in Zaodu River,followed by shredders,and the gather-collectors.Moreover,filter-collecters only accounted for a small part.
引文
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[25]Jiang X M,Jing X,Qiu J W,et al.Structure of macroinvertebrate communities in relation to environmental variables in a subtropical Asian river system[J].Int Rev Hydrobiol,2010,95(1):42-57.
[26]Nelson S M,Lieberman D M.The influence of flow and other environmental factors on benthic invertebrates in the Sacramento River,U.S.A [J].Hydrobiologia,2002,489(1-3):117-129.
[27]Rawer-Jost C,B?hmer J,Blank J,et al.Macroinvertebrate functional feeding group methods in ecological assessment [J].Hydrobiologia,2000,(4):225-232.
[28]Helson J E,Williams D D.Development of a macroinvertebrate multimetric index for the assessment of low-land streams in the neotropics[J].Ecol Indic,2013,29(3):167-178.
[29]Barbour M T,Gerritsen J,Griffith G E,et al.A framework for biological criteria for Florida Streams using benthic macroinvertebrates[J].J North Am Benthol Soc,1996,15(2):185-211.
[30]Allan J D,Castillo M M,Allan J D,et al.Stream ecology:structure and function of running waters [J].Trans Am Fish Soc,2010,125(1):154-158.
[31]Lorenz A,Hering D,Feld C K,et al.A new method for assessing the impact of hydromorphological degradation on the macroinvertebrate fauna of five German stream types [J].Hydrobiologia,2004,516(1-3):107-127.
[2]Kikkawa J,Anderson D J.Community Ecology:Pattern and Process[M].Melbourne:Blackwell Scientific Publications,1986:65- 99.
[3]袁兴中,陆健健,刘红.长江口底栖动物功能群分布格局及其变化[J].生态学报,2002,22(12):2054- 2062.
[4]Cummins K W.Structure and function of stream ecosystems [J].BioScience,1974,24(11):631- 641
[5]Bode R W,Novak M A,Abele L E.Quality Assurance Work Plan for Biology Stream Monitoring in New York State [M].Albany,New York:New York State Department of Environmental Conservation,Technical Report,2002.
[6]Heino J,Louhi P,Muotka T.Identifying the scales of variability in stream macroinvertebrate abundance,functional composition and assemblage structure [J].Freshwater Biol,2010,49(9):1230-1239.
[7]Wu H C,Chen P C,Tsay T T.Assessment of nematode community structure as a bioindicator in river monitoring [J].Environ Pollut,2010,158(5):1741-1747.
[8]Monaghan K A,Soares A M V M.Bringing new knowledge to an old problem:Building a biotic index from lotic macroinvertebrate traits [J].Ecol Indic,2012,20(20):213-220.
[9]蔡文倩,朱延忠,林岿璇,等.底栖生物完整性指数的构建及生物基准的确定 [J].中国环境科学,2016,36(9):2791-2799.
[10]陈丽平,高欣,牛翠娟,等.太湖流域春季底栖动物群落结构特征及水质评价 [J].水产学报,2013,37(11):1679-1688.
[11]查玉婷.分水江水库和新安江水库底栖动物生态学研究 [D].上海:上海海洋大学,2012.
[12]段学花,王兆印,程东升.典型河床底质组成中底栖动物群落及多样性 [J].生态学报,2007,27(4):1664-1672.
[13]孟星亮,何玉邦,宋卓彦,等.青海湖区大型底栖动物群落结构与空间分布格局[J].水生生物学报,2014,38(5):819-827.
[14]殷旭旺,徐宗学,高欣,等.渭河流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(1):218-226.
[15]张超文,张堂林,朱挺兵,等.洪泽湖大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].水生态学杂志,2012,33(3):27-33.
[16]王爱珍.利用底栖动物对綦江河进行污染评价[J].重庆环境科学,1989,(3):46-49.
[17]任海庆,袁兴中,刘红,等.河流栖息地对底栖动物群落结构的影响及水质生物评价——以綦江河流域为例[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(6):111-117.
[18]王璐,杨海军,李昆,等.长白山源头溪流底栖动物群落结构季节动态[J].生态学报,2017,38(13):4834-4842.
[19]Vannote R L,Sweeney B W.Geographic analysis of thermal equilibria:A conceptual model for the evaluating the effect of natural and modified thermal regimes on aquatic insect communities [J].Am Nat,1980,115(5):667-695.
[20]廖一波,寿鹿,曾江宁,等.三门湾大型底栖动物时空分布及其与环境因子的关系[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(9):2424-2430.
[21]Buss D F,Baptista D F,Silveira M P,et al.Influence of water chemistry and environmental degradation on macroinvertebrate assemblages in a river basin in south-east Brazil [J].Hydrobiologia,2002,481(1-3):125-136.
[22]Bott T L,Brock J T,Dunn C S,et al.Benthic community metabolism in four temperate stream systems:An inter-biome comparison and evaluation of the river continuum concept[J].Hydrobiologia,1985,123(1):43-45.
[23]Merz J E,Chan L K O.Effects of gravel augmentation on macroinvertebrate assemblages in a regulated California River[J].River Res Appl,2010,21(1):61-74.
[24]Vought B M,Kullberg A,Petersen R C.Effect of riparian structure,temperature and channel morphometry on detritus processing in channelized and natural woodland streams in southern Sweden[J].Aquat Conserv,1998,8(8):273-285.
[25]Jiang X M,Jing X,Qiu J W,et al.Structure of macroinvertebrate communities in relation to environmental variables in a subtropical Asian river system[J].Int Rev Hydrobiol,2010,95(1):42-57.
[26]Nelson S M,Lieberman D M.The influence of flow and other environmental factors on benthic invertebrates in the Sacramento River,U.S.A [J].Hydrobiologia,2002,489(1-3):117-129.
[27]Rawer-Jost C,B?hmer J,Blank J,et al.Macroinvertebrate functional feeding group methods in ecological assessment [J].Hydrobiologia,2000,(4):225-232.
[28]Helson J E,Williams D D.Development of a macroinvertebrate multimetric index for the assessment of low-land streams in the neotropics[J].Ecol Indic,2013,29(3):167-178.
[29]Barbour M T,Gerritsen J,Griffith G E,et al.A framework for biological criteria for Florida Streams using benthic macroinvertebrates[J].J North Am Benthol Soc,1996,15(2):185-211.
[30]Allan J D,Castillo M M,Allan J D,et al.Stream ecology:structure and function of running waters [J].Trans Am Fish Soc,2010,125(1):154-158.
[31]Lorenz A,Hering D,Feld C K,et al.A new method for assessing the impact of hydromorphological degradation on the macroinvertebrate fauna of five German stream types [J].Hydrobiologia,2004,516(1-3):107-127.
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