黄梅戏文化群体空间结构及变迁机制
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摘要
运用定性与定量相结合的方法,从文化地理学视角出发,基于黄梅戏专业剧团数据和戏迷协会数据,分析黄梅戏文化群体时空演化特征与形成机制。研究表明:①从时间序列来看,文化群体以1984年为界先增加后减少,数量变化与文化发展兴衰程度紧密关联;从空间结构来看,从以长江中下游流域的点轴模式逐渐演变为双中心模式。②从黄梅戏戏迷这一文化群体看,分布范围广泛,主要得益于快速的城镇化、发达的交通与信息网络。③黄梅戏文化群体的空间变迁主要是由社会环境、区域引力、人口空间流动、社会制度等要素共同作用影响的结果。
In this study,qualitative and quantitative methods were combined to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and formation mechanism of the cultural group of Huangmei opera from the perspective of cultural geography based on the data of the professional troupe of Huangmei opera and the data of the fans association. The results showed that: ①From the perspective of time series,the number of troupes increased first and then decreased in 1984 in the 65 years since 1952 as the most important cultural group. The change of the number of troupes was closely related to the rise and decline of cultural development. From the perspective of spatial structure,it gradually evolved into a double-center structure from the initial point-axis structure which mainly spread along the Changjiang River Basin in the three directions of east,north and south,presenting the overall development trend of Anqing City as the center with first expanding and then shrinking. ②From the perspective of the cultural group of Huangmei opera fans,it was more widely distributed mainly due to the rapid urbanization,developed transportation and information network. ③Based on the theory of cultural grounding and distance attenuation,the spatial changes of cultural groups were mainly influenced by social environment,regional attraction,spatial flow of population and social system. Living environment was the basis for the realization of cultural groups active internal integration and passive diffusion of migration. As a pull factor,regional gravity attracted the active migration of cultural groups in space.The traffic condition built the bridge for the cultural group outward migration and exchange,which decided the cultural group space activity scope and the footprint. Policies and institutions provided external regulation and controlled on cultural groups.
In this study,qualitative and quantitative methods were combined to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and formation mechanism of the cultural group of Huangmei opera from the perspective of cultural geography based on the data of the professional troupe of Huangmei opera and the data of the fans association. The results showed that: ①From the perspective of time series,the number of troupes increased first and then decreased in 1984 in the 65 years since 1952 as the most important cultural group. The change of the number of troupes was closely related to the rise and decline of cultural development. From the perspective of spatial structure,it gradually evolved into a double-center structure from the initial point-axis structure which mainly spread along the Changjiang River Basin in the three directions of east,north and south,presenting the overall development trend of Anqing City as the center with first expanding and then shrinking. ②From the perspective of the cultural group of Huangmei opera fans,it was more widely distributed mainly due to the rapid urbanization,developed transportation and information network. ③Based on the theory of cultural grounding and distance attenuation,the spatial changes of cultural groups were mainly influenced by social environment,regional attraction,spatial flow of population and social system. Living environment was the basis for the realization of cultural groups active internal integration and passive diffusion of migration. As a pull factor,regional gravity attracted the active migration of cultural groups in space.The traffic condition built the bridge for the cultural group outward migration and exchange,which decided the cultural group space activity scope and the footprint. Policies and institutions provided external regulation and controlled on cultural groups.
引文
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[2]邓宏兵,张兆行,曹诗图.地理环境与地方戏曲[J].襄阳师专学报,1994,1(3)∶48-51.
[3]吴述席.河南戏曲的地理分布[J].平原大学学报,1998,17(1)∶41-43.
[4]胡兆量.中国戏曲地理特征[J].经济地理,2000,20(1)∶84-87.
[5]柴国珍.山西戏曲剧种文化地理研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[6]方嘉雯.基于文化地理学视角的秦腔文化起源与扩散[J].人文地理,2013,28(3)∶64-69.
[7]李蕊蕊,郑彤,赵伟,等.传统音乐的空间扩散及其文化区演变———以国家非物质文化遗产南音为例[J].泉州师范学院学报,2016,34(3)∶53-59.
[8]吴春平.黄梅戏改革路在何方[J].文艺争鸣,2009,26(1)∶147-150.
[9]徐冉.黄梅戏的形成、发展困境与保护[J].长江大学学报(社会科学版),2013,36(4)∶10-11.
[10]夏玢,黄成林.黄梅戏文化区演变[J].安徽师范大学学报,2006,34(6)∶726-729.
[11]夏玢.地理环境对黄梅戏影响的初步探究[J].云南地理环境研究,2006,18(2)∶107-110.
[12]Efferson C,Lalive R,Fehr E. The Coevolution of Cultural Groups and Ingroup Favoritism[J]. Science,2008,321(5897)∶1844-1849.
[13]王劲峰.空间分析[M].北京:科技出版社,2006.
[14]胡美娟,李在军,侯国林,等.江苏省乡村旅游景点空间格局及其多尺度特征[J].经济地理,2015,35(6)∶202-208.
[15]王长安.中国黄梅戏[M].合肥:安徽文艺出版社,2009.