基于森林清查资料的河南省森林植被碳储量动态变化
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摘要
利用1994—1998年、1999—2003年、2004—2008年、2009—2013年河南省4期森林资源清查数据,运用生物量转换因子连续函数法和平均生物量法,估算了1998—2013年河南省森林植被的碳储量和碳密度变化。研究结果表明,河南省森林植被碳储量由1998年的45.57 Tg增加到2013年的107.98 Tg,年均碳汇量为4.16 Tg/a。乔木林碳储量和碳密度分别由1998年的33.54 Tg和22.39 Mg/hm~2增加到2013年的97.11 Tg和31.80 Mg/hm~2。乔木林碳储量在所有植被类型中占主体,4个森林清查时期乔木林碳储量占森林植被总碳储量的比例分别为73.60%、79.22%、85.63%和89.93%。2013年森林清查时,乔木林中杨树和栎类碳储量最大,分别占总碳储量的37.61%和25.22%,各龄组乔木林碳密度大小顺序依次为成熟林>近熟林>中龄林>过熟林>幼龄林。阔叶林面积、碳储量、碳密度均高于针叶林,阔叶林是河南省森林碳汇的主要贡献者。人工林面积、碳储量、碳密度增加幅度都要高于天然林,人工林碳储量由1998年的9.62 Tg增加到2013年的55.67 Tg,占乔木林碳储量总增量的77.15%,人工林碳密度由1998年的17.86 Mg/hm~2提高到2013年的32.01 Mg/hm~2,人工林在河南省森林碳汇中逐步发挥重要的作用,逐渐成为河南省森林碳汇的主体,随着人工林生长为具有较高碳密度的成熟林,河南省乔木林将具有较大的碳汇潜力。
Based on the forest resources inventory data of 1994—1998,1999—2003,2004—2008,and 2009—2013 in He'nan Province,the dynamic changes in forest vegetation carbon storage and density between 1998 and 2013 were estimated by using the continuous biomass expansion factor method and average biomass method. The results showed that the carbon storage of forest vegetation in the He'nan Province increased from 45.57 Tg in 1998 to 107.98 Tg in 2013,with an annual carbon sink of 4.16 Tg year~(-1). The carbon storage and density of arbor forests increased from 33.54 Tg and 22.39 Mg hm~(-2) in 1998 to 97.11 Tg and 31.80 Mg hm~(-2) in 2013,respectively. The carbon storage of arbor forests comprised the largest proportion of storage for all vegetation types; the proportion of carbon storage of arbor forests to total carbon storage of forest vegetation in the four forest inventory periods was 73. 60%,79. 22%,85. 63%,and 89. 93%,respectively. In 2013,Populus and Quercus had the largest carbon storage,accounting for 37.61% and 25.22% of the total carbon storage in arbor forests,respectively. The carbon density of arbor forests in each age group was ranked in the following order: mature forest> premature forest > middle-aged forest > over-mature forest > young-aged forest. The area,carbon storage and carbon density of broad-leaved forests were higher than those of coniferous forests,and broad-leaved forests were the main contributor to the forest carbon sink in He'nan Province. The area,carbon storage and carbon density of the planted forests increased more than the natural forests. The carbon storage of planted forests increased from 9.62 Tg in 1998 to 55.67 Tg in2013,accounting for 77.15% of the total increment of carbon storage in arbor forests. The carbon density of planted forests increased from 17.86 Mg hm~(-2) in 1998 to 32.01 Mg hm~(-2) in 2013. The importance of the role of planted forests in the forest carbon sink of He' nan Province is gradually emerging. As the planted forests grow into mature forest with a high carbon density,the arbor forests in He'nan Province will have greater carbon sequestration potential.
Based on the forest resources inventory data of 1994—1998,1999—2003,2004—2008,and 2009—2013 in He'nan Province,the dynamic changes in forest vegetation carbon storage and density between 1998 and 2013 were estimated by using the continuous biomass expansion factor method and average biomass method. The results showed that the carbon storage of forest vegetation in the He'nan Province increased from 45.57 Tg in 1998 to 107.98 Tg in 2013,with an annual carbon sink of 4.16 Tg year~(-1). The carbon storage and density of arbor forests increased from 33.54 Tg and 22.39 Mg hm~(-2) in 1998 to 97.11 Tg and 31.80 Mg hm~(-2) in 2013,respectively. The carbon storage of arbor forests comprised the largest proportion of storage for all vegetation types; the proportion of carbon storage of arbor forests to total carbon storage of forest vegetation in the four forest inventory periods was 73. 60%,79. 22%,85. 63%,and 89. 93%,respectively. In 2013,Populus and Quercus had the largest carbon storage,accounting for 37.61% and 25.22% of the total carbon storage in arbor forests,respectively. The carbon density of arbor forests in each age group was ranked in the following order: mature forest> premature forest > middle-aged forest > over-mature forest > young-aged forest. The area,carbon storage and carbon density of broad-leaved forests were higher than those of coniferous forests,and broad-leaved forests were the main contributor to the forest carbon sink in He'nan Province. The area,carbon storage and carbon density of the planted forests increased more than the natural forests. The carbon storage of planted forests increased from 9.62 Tg in 1998 to 55.67 Tg in2013,accounting for 77.15% of the total increment of carbon storage in arbor forests. The carbon density of planted forests increased from 17.86 Mg hm~(-2) in 1998 to 32.01 Mg hm~(-2) in 2013. The importance of the role of planted forests in the forest carbon sink of He' nan Province is gradually emerging. As the planted forests grow into mature forest with a high carbon density,the arbor forests in He'nan Province will have greater carbon sequestration potential.
引文
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[8]方精云,郭兆迪,朴世龙,陈安平.1981~2000年中国陆地植被碳汇的估算.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2007,37(6):804-812.
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[14]张春华,居为民,王登杰,王希群,王昕.2004-2013年山东省森林碳储量及其碳汇经济价值.生态学报,2018,38(5):1739-1749.
[15]Ren H,Chen H,Li L J,Li P H,Hou C M,Wan H F,Zhang Q M,Zhang P X.Spatial and temporal patterns of carbon storage from 1992 to 2002in forest ecosystems in Guangdong,Southern China.Plant and Soil,2013,363(1/2):123-138.
[16]Ren H,Li L J,Liu Q,Wang X,Li Y D,Hui D F,Jian S G,Wang J,Yang H,Lu H F,Zhou G Y,Tang X L,Zhang Q M,Wang D,Yuan LL,Chen X B.Spatial and temporal patterns of carbon storage in forest ecosystems on Hainan Island,Southern China.PLoS One,2014,9(9):e108163.
[17]Ren Y,Wei X H,Zhang L,Cui S H,Chen F,Xiong Y Z,Xie P P.Potential for forest vegetation carbon storage in Fujian Province,China,determined from forest inventories.Plant and Soil,2011,345(1/2):125-140.
[18]葛立雯,潘刚,任德智,杜玉婕,郑祥蕾.西藏林芝地区森林碳储量、碳密度及其分布.应用生态学报,2013,24(2):319-325.
[19]李士美,杨传强,王宏年,盖力强.基于森林资源清查资料分析山东省森林立木碳储量.应用生态学报,2014,25(8):2215-2220.
[20]刘兆丹,李斌,方晰,项文化,田大伦,闫文德,雷丕锋.湖南省森林植被碳储量、碳密度动态特征.生态学报,2016,36(21):6897-6908.
[21]光增云.河南森林植被的碳储量研究.地域研究与开发,2007,26(1):76-79.
[22]光增云.河南省森林碳储量及动态变化研究.林业资源管理,2006,(4):56-60,48-48.
[23]Pan Y D,Luo T X,Birdsey R,Hom J,Melillo J.New estimates of carbon storage and sequestration in China's forests:effects of age-class and method on inventory-based carbon estimation.Climatic Change,2004,67(2/3):211-236.
[24]Zhang C H,Ju W M,Chen J M,Zan M,Li D Q,Zhou Y L,Wang X Q.China's forest biomass carbon sink based on seven inventories from 1973to 2008.Climatic Change,2013,118(3/4):933-948.
[25]李海奎,雷渊才.中国森林植被生物量和碳储量评估.北京:中国林业出版社,2010.
[26]赵体顺,光增云,赵义民,刘国伟.日本落叶松人工林生物量及生产力的研究.河南农业大学学报,1999,33(4):350-353.
[27]王其吉.河南杉木.郑州:黄河水利出版社,1999.
[28]赵体顺.林农复合生态系统物质循环的研究Ⅰ.农田林网杨树生物量的研究.农村生态环境,1989,(2):1-5.
[29]冯宗炜,王效科,吴刚.农林业系统结构和功能.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992.
[30]Friedlingstein P,Andrew R M,Rogelj J,Peters G P,Canadell J G,Knutti R,Luderer G,Raupach M R,Schaeffer M,Van Vuuren D P,Le QuéréC.Persistent growth of CO2emissions and implications for reaching climate targets.Nature Geoscience,2014,7(10):709-715.
[31]Mc Kenney D W,Yemshanov D,Fox G,Ramlal E.Cost estimates for carbon sequestration from fast growing poplar plantations in Canada.Forest Policy and Economics,2004,6(3):345-358.
[32]Zhang X P,Wang M B,Liang X M.Quantitative classification and carbon density of the forest vegetation in Lüliang Mountains of China.Plant Ecology,2009,201(1):1-9.
[33]Herrero C,Bravo F.Can we get an operational indicator of forest carbon sequestration?:A case study from two forest regions in Spain.Ecological Indicators,2012,17:120-126.
[34]王效科,冯宗炜,欧阳志云.中国森林生态系统的植物碳储量和碳密度研究.应用生态学报,2001,12(1):13-16.
[35]赵敏,周广胜.中国森林生态系统的植物碳贮量及其影响因子分析.地理科学,2004,24(1):50-54.
[36]吴庆标,王效科,段晓男,邓立斌,逯非,欧阳志云,冯宗炜.中国森林生态系统植被固碳现状和潜力.生态学报,2008,28(2):517-524.
[2]刘国华,傅伯杰,方精云.中国森林碳动态及其对全球碳平衡的贡献.生态学报,2000,20(5):733-740.
[3]Fang J Y,Chen A P,Peng C H,Zhao S Q,Ci L J.Changes in forest biomass carbon storage in China between 1949 and 1998.Science,2001,292(5525):2320-2322.
[4]K?hl M,Lasco R,Cifuentes M,Jonsson?,Korhonen K T,Mundhenk P,De Jesus Navar J,Stinson G.Changes in forest production,biomass and carbon:Results from the 2015 UN FAO Global Forest Resource Assessment.Forest Ecology and Management,2015,352:21-34.
[5]Poorter L,van der Sande M T,Thompson J,Arets E J M M,Alarcón A,?lvarez-Sánchez J,Ascarrunz N,Balvanera P,Barajas‐Guzmán G,Boit A,Bongers F,Carvalho F A,Casanoves F,Cornejo‐Tenorio G,Costa F R C,De Castilho C V,Duivenvoorden J F,Dutrieux L P,Enquist B J,Fernández‐Méndez F,Finegan B,Gormley L H L,Healey J R,Hoosbeek M R,Ibarra‐Manríquez G,Junqueira A B,Levis C,Licona JC,Lisboa L S,Magnusson W E,Martínez‐Ramos M,Martínez‐Yrizar A,Martorano L G,Maskell L C,Mazzei L,Meave J A,Mora F,Mu1oz R,Nytch C,Pansonato M P,Parr T W,Paz H,Pérez‐García E A,Rentería L Y,Rodríguez‐Velazquez J,Rozendaal D M A,Ruschel A R,Sakschewski B,Salgado‐Negret B,Schietti J,Sim7es M,Sinclair F L,Souza P F,Souza F C,Stropp J,ter Steege H,Swenson N G,Thonicke K,Toledo M,Uriarte M,Van der Hout P,Walker P,Zamora N,Pe1a‐Claros M.Diversity enhances carbon storage in tropical forests.Global Ecology and Biogeography,2015,24(11):1314-1328.
[6]Durán S M,Sánchez-Azofeifa G A,Rios R S,Gianoli E.The relative importance of climate,stand variables and liana abundance for carbon storage in tropical forests.Global Ecology and Biogeography,2015,24(8):939-949.
[7]刘魏魏,王效科,逯非,欧阳志云.全球森林生态系统碳储量、固碳能力估算及其区域特征.应用生态学报,2015,26(9):2881-2890.
[8]方精云,郭兆迪,朴世龙,陈安平.1981~2000年中国陆地植被碳汇的估算.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2007,37(6):804-812.
[9]方精云,刘国华,徐嵩龄.我国森林植被的生物量和净生产量.生态学报,1996,16(5):497-508.
[10]Xu B,Guo Z D,Piao S L,Fang J Y.Biomass carbon stocks in China's forests between 2000 and 2050:A prediction based on forest biomass-age relationships.Science China Life Sciences,2010,53(7):776-783.
[11]Liu Y C,Yu G R,Wang Q F,Zhang Y J,Xu Z H.Carbon carry capacity and carbon sequestration potential in China based on an integrated analysis of mature forest biomass.Science China Life Sciences,2014,57(12):1218-1229.
[12]Guo Z D,Hu H F,Li P,Li N Y,Fang J Y.Spatio-temporal changes in biomass carbon sinks in China's forests from 1977 to 2008.Science China Life Sciences,2013,56(7):661-671.
[13]邓蕾,上官周平.秦岭宁陕县森林植被碳储量与碳密度特征.西北植物学报,2011,31(11):2310-2320.
[14]张春华,居为民,王登杰,王希群,王昕.2004-2013年山东省森林碳储量及其碳汇经济价值.生态学报,2018,38(5):1739-1749.
[15]Ren H,Chen H,Li L J,Li P H,Hou C M,Wan H F,Zhang Q M,Zhang P X.Spatial and temporal patterns of carbon storage from 1992 to 2002in forest ecosystems in Guangdong,Southern China.Plant and Soil,2013,363(1/2):123-138.
[16]Ren H,Li L J,Liu Q,Wang X,Li Y D,Hui D F,Jian S G,Wang J,Yang H,Lu H F,Zhou G Y,Tang X L,Zhang Q M,Wang D,Yuan LL,Chen X B.Spatial and temporal patterns of carbon storage in forest ecosystems on Hainan Island,Southern China.PLoS One,2014,9(9):e108163.
[17]Ren Y,Wei X H,Zhang L,Cui S H,Chen F,Xiong Y Z,Xie P P.Potential for forest vegetation carbon storage in Fujian Province,China,determined from forest inventories.Plant and Soil,2011,345(1/2):125-140.
[18]葛立雯,潘刚,任德智,杜玉婕,郑祥蕾.西藏林芝地区森林碳储量、碳密度及其分布.应用生态学报,2013,24(2):319-325.
[19]李士美,杨传强,王宏年,盖力强.基于森林资源清查资料分析山东省森林立木碳储量.应用生态学报,2014,25(8):2215-2220.
[20]刘兆丹,李斌,方晰,项文化,田大伦,闫文德,雷丕锋.湖南省森林植被碳储量、碳密度动态特征.生态学报,2016,36(21):6897-6908.
[21]光增云.河南森林植被的碳储量研究.地域研究与开发,2007,26(1):76-79.
[22]光增云.河南省森林碳储量及动态变化研究.林业资源管理,2006,(4):56-60,48-48.
[23]Pan Y D,Luo T X,Birdsey R,Hom J,Melillo J.New estimates of carbon storage and sequestration in China's forests:effects of age-class and method on inventory-based carbon estimation.Climatic Change,2004,67(2/3):211-236.
[24]Zhang C H,Ju W M,Chen J M,Zan M,Li D Q,Zhou Y L,Wang X Q.China's forest biomass carbon sink based on seven inventories from 1973to 2008.Climatic Change,2013,118(3/4):933-948.
[25]李海奎,雷渊才.中国森林植被生物量和碳储量评估.北京:中国林业出版社,2010.
[26]赵体顺,光增云,赵义民,刘国伟.日本落叶松人工林生物量及生产力的研究.河南农业大学学报,1999,33(4):350-353.
[27]王其吉.河南杉木.郑州:黄河水利出版社,1999.
[28]赵体顺.林农复合生态系统物质循环的研究Ⅰ.农田林网杨树生物量的研究.农村生态环境,1989,(2):1-5.
[29]冯宗炜,王效科,吴刚.农林业系统结构和功能.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992.
[30]Friedlingstein P,Andrew R M,Rogelj J,Peters G P,Canadell J G,Knutti R,Luderer G,Raupach M R,Schaeffer M,Van Vuuren D P,Le QuéréC.Persistent growth of CO2emissions and implications for reaching climate targets.Nature Geoscience,2014,7(10):709-715.
[31]Mc Kenney D W,Yemshanov D,Fox G,Ramlal E.Cost estimates for carbon sequestration from fast growing poplar plantations in Canada.Forest Policy and Economics,2004,6(3):345-358.
[32]Zhang X P,Wang M B,Liang X M.Quantitative classification and carbon density of the forest vegetation in Lüliang Mountains of China.Plant Ecology,2009,201(1):1-9.
[33]Herrero C,Bravo F.Can we get an operational indicator of forest carbon sequestration?:A case study from two forest regions in Spain.Ecological Indicators,2012,17:120-126.
[34]王效科,冯宗炜,欧阳志云.中国森林生态系统的植物碳储量和碳密度研究.应用生态学报,2001,12(1):13-16.
[35]赵敏,周广胜.中国森林生态系统的植物碳贮量及其影响因子分析.地理科学,2004,24(1):50-54.
[36]吴庆标,王效科,段晓男,邓立斌,逯非,欧阳志云,冯宗炜.中国森林生态系统植被固碳现状和潜力.生态学报,2008,28(2):517-524.