复合微生态制剂对幼刺参营养成分和酶活力的影响
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摘要
目的研究复合微生态制剂对幼刺参体壁营养成分、几种消化酶和免疫酶活力的影响。方法在封闭式循环系统中投喂不同的微生态制剂进行30 d刺参养殖实验。结果投喂液态复合微生态制剂组和粉状复合微生态制剂组的刺参体壁的粗脂肪、总糖、粗蛋白含量最高,两组与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(Ps<0.05)。添加微生态制剂的3个实验组刺参肠道蛋白酶、淀粉酶活力均比对照组高,且差异有统计学意义(Ps<0.05)。实验组刺参的肠道、体壁、体液过氧化氢酶活力均比对照组高,其中投喂液态复合微生态制剂实验组活力最高。实验组刺参组织的酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶活力也明显高于对照组(与对照组相比差异有统计学意义,Ps<0.05)。结论微生态制剂可以有效改善幼刺参体壁营养成分,促进机体消化活力,提高刺参免疫力。
Objective To study the effects of compound probiotics onthe nutrient composition and activities of several digestive and immune enzymes in juvenile Apostichopus japonicus. Methods Juvenile Apostichopus japonicas were fed with different probiotics in a closed recirculating aquaculture system for 30 days. Results The contents of fat, total sugar and protein in the body walls of Apostichopus japonicus in liquid compound probiotics group and powdered compound probiotics group were the highest, significantly different from those in the control group respectively(Ps<0.05). The activities of protease and amylase in Apostichopus japonicus′s intestine in the three experiment groups were higher significantly than those in control group respectively(Ps<0.05). The activity of catalase in the intestine, body wall and coelomic fluid of Apostichopus japonicas in the three experiment groups were higher than that in the control group, with that in liquid compound probiotics group being the highest. The activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in Apostichopus japonicus′s intestine, body wall and coelomic fluid in experiment groups were higher significantly than those in the control group respectively(Ps<0.05). Conclusion Probiotics can effectively improve the nutrient composition in body wall, promote the digestive activity and the immunity of Apostichopus japonicus.
Objective To study the effects of compound probiotics onthe nutrient composition and activities of several digestive and immune enzymes in juvenile Apostichopus japonicus. Methods Juvenile Apostichopus japonicas were fed with different probiotics in a closed recirculating aquaculture system for 30 days. Results The contents of fat, total sugar and protein in the body walls of Apostichopus japonicus in liquid compound probiotics group and powdered compound probiotics group were the highest, significantly different from those in the control group respectively(Ps<0.05). The activities of protease and amylase in Apostichopus japonicus′s intestine in the three experiment groups were higher significantly than those in control group respectively(Ps<0.05). The activity of catalase in the intestine, body wall and coelomic fluid of Apostichopus japonicas in the three experiment groups were higher than that in the control group, with that in liquid compound probiotics group being the highest. The activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in Apostichopus japonicus′s intestine, body wall and coelomic fluid in experiment groups were higher significantly than those in the control group respectively(Ps<0.05). Conclusion Probiotics can effectively improve the nutrient composition in body wall, promote the digestive activity and the immunity of Apostichopus japonicus.
引文
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[11] 刘哲.海参养殖中微生态制剂的应用探讨[J].现代农业科技,2018(8):45.
[12] 蔡明城.微生态制剂在海参养殖中的应用[J].乡村科技,2017(4):59-60.
[13] ZHANG Tianren,XIAO Shan,WANG Han,et al.Effects of adding complex probiotics on the nutritional components in the body wall of Apostichopusjaponicus[J].J Dalian Inst Light Industry,2018,37(4):253-256.(in Chinese) 张天任,肖珊,王晗,等.一种复合微生态制剂对刺参体壁营养成分的影响[J].大连工业大学学报,2018,37(4):253-256.
[14] BAO Pengyun,LI Luyao,CHEN Wei,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotcs on growth,digestive enzyme activity and nutrient profile of body wall in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus[J].J Dalian Fish Univ,2018,33(1):52-56.(in Chinese) 包鹏云,李璐瑶,陈炜,等.饲料中添加混合益生菌对幼参生长、消化酶活力和体壁营养组成的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2018,33(1):52-56.
[15] LI Ming.Effects of probiotics on growth,immunity,digestive enzymes and intestinal microbiota in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus[M].Dalian:Dalian Ocean University,2014.(in Chinese) 李明.混合益生菌对刺参生长、免疫、消化和肠道菌群的影响[D].大连:大连海洋大学,2014.
[16] DING Xian,LI Zhuojia,CHEN Yongqing,et al.Effects of probiotics on growth and activities of digestive enzymes of Pennaus vannamei[J].J Fish Sci China,2004,11(6):580-584.(in Chinese) 丁贤,李卓佳,陈永青,等.芽孢杆菌对凡纳对虾生长和消化酶活性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2004,11(6):580-584.
[17] 潘康成,古丛伟,吴敏峰,等.饲用芽孢杆菌作用机理研究新进展[J].饲料与畜牧,2009,12:19-23.
[18] WANG Jiqiao,TANG Li,XU Chong,et al.Histological observation of alimentary tract and annual changes of four digestive enzymes in sea cucumber(Apostichopusjaponicus)[J].Fish Sci,2007,26(9):481-484.(in Chinese) 王吉桥,唐黎,许重,等.仿刺参消化道的组织学及其4种消化酶活力的周年变化[J].水产科学,2007,26(9):481-484.
[19] FAN Ying,WANG Shuxian,YE Haibin,et al.Effects of polysaccharides from astragalusmembranaceus on non-specific immune in sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus[J].Fish Sci,2010,29(6):321-324.(in Chinese) 樊英,王淑娴,叶海斌,等.黄芪多糖对仿刺参非特异性免疫功能的影响[J].水产科学,2010,29(6):321-324.
[20] Swarup G,Coheng S,Garbers DL.Selective dephosphorylation of proteins containing phosphotyrosine by alkaline phosphatases[J].J Biolog Chem,1981,256(15):8197-8201.
[21] LI Luyao,SUN Pihai,BAO Pengyun,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotcs on immune response and antioxidant performance in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus[J].J Dalian Fish Univ,2016,31(3):266-271.(in Chinese) 李璐瑶,孙丕海,包鹏云,等.饲料中添加混合益生菌对刺参幼参免疫反应和抗氧化性能的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(3):266-271.
[22] HU Yi,TAN Beiping,MAI Kangsen,et al.Effects of dietary probiotic on growth,immunity and intestinal bacteria of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei[J].J Fish Sci China,2008,15(2):244-251.(in Chinese) 胡毅,谭北平,麦康森,等.饲料中益生菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、肠道菌群及部分免疫指标的影响[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(2):244-251.
[23] WANG Mingyang,TIAN Xiangli,LIU Longzhen,et al.Effects of Bacillus coagulans added to feed on the growth performance,serum non-specific immunity and disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Period Ocean Univ China,2018,48(Suppl):8-15.(in Chinese) 王明阳,田相利,刘龙镇,等.饲料中添加凝结芽孢杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、血清非特异性免疫指标及抗病力的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报,2018,48(SupI):8-15.
[2] 姚可成(明).食物本草(点校本)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1994:695.
[3] SUI Xilin.The advancement and outlook of cultural breeding and aquatics technique of Apostichopusjaponicas[J].Fish Sci,2004,23(9):29-31.(in Chinese) 隋锡林.刺参人工育苗及养殖技术的进步与展望[J].水产科学,2004,23(9):29-31.
[4] 隋锡林.刺参增养殖[M].北京,农业出版社,1990:185-238.
[5] SUI Xilin,CHEN Yuan,LI Hualin.The development and prospect for sea cucumber aquaculture in China[J].Manage& Res Sci Technolog Ach,2011,61(11):54-58.(in Chinese) 隋锡林,陈远,李华琳.我国刺参养殖产业的发展及展望[J].科技成果管理与研究,2011,61(11):54-58.
[6] ZHANG Chunyun,WANG Yingeng,RONG Xiaojun,et al.Natural resources,culture and problems of sea cucumber worldwide[J].Marine Fish Res,2004,25(3):89-97.(in Chinese) 张春云,王印庚,荣小军,等.国内外刺参自然资源、养殖状况及存在问题[J].海洋水产研究,2004,25(3):89-97.
[7] 王玉堂.海参养殖业管理急待加强[J].中国水产,2004(10):24-25.
[8] LIU Changfa,QI Zhiren,HE Jie,et al.Environmental friendship aquaculture—Zero discharge integrated recirculating aquaculture systems[J].J Dalian Fish Univ,2002,17(3):220-226.(in Chinese) 刘长发,綦志仁,何洁,等.环境友好的水产养殖业——零污水排放循环水产养殖系统[J].水产学院学报,2002,17(3):220-226.
[9] 罗国芝,朱泽闻.我国循环水养殖模式发展的前景分析[J].中国水产,2008(2):75-77.
[10] 吴凡,刘晃,宿墨.工厂化循环水养殖的发展现状与趋势[J].科学养鱼,2008(9):72-74.
[11] 刘哲.海参养殖中微生态制剂的应用探讨[J].现代农业科技,2018(8):45.
[12] 蔡明城.微生态制剂在海参养殖中的应用[J].乡村科技,2017(4):59-60.
[13] ZHANG Tianren,XIAO Shan,WANG Han,et al.Effects of adding complex probiotics on the nutritional components in the body wall of Apostichopusjaponicus[J].J Dalian Inst Light Industry,2018,37(4):253-256.(in Chinese) 张天任,肖珊,王晗,等.一种复合微生态制剂对刺参体壁营养成分的影响[J].大连工业大学学报,2018,37(4):253-256.
[14] BAO Pengyun,LI Luyao,CHEN Wei,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotcs on growth,digestive enzyme activity and nutrient profile of body wall in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus[J].J Dalian Fish Univ,2018,33(1):52-56.(in Chinese) 包鹏云,李璐瑶,陈炜,等.饲料中添加混合益生菌对幼参生长、消化酶活力和体壁营养组成的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2018,33(1):52-56.
[15] LI Ming.Effects of probiotics on growth,immunity,digestive enzymes and intestinal microbiota in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus[M].Dalian:Dalian Ocean University,2014.(in Chinese) 李明.混合益生菌对刺参生长、免疫、消化和肠道菌群的影响[D].大连:大连海洋大学,2014.
[16] DING Xian,LI Zhuojia,CHEN Yongqing,et al.Effects of probiotics on growth and activities of digestive enzymes of Pennaus vannamei[J].J Fish Sci China,2004,11(6):580-584.(in Chinese) 丁贤,李卓佳,陈永青,等.芽孢杆菌对凡纳对虾生长和消化酶活性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2004,11(6):580-584.
[17] 潘康成,古丛伟,吴敏峰,等.饲用芽孢杆菌作用机理研究新进展[J].饲料与畜牧,2009,12:19-23.
[18] WANG Jiqiao,TANG Li,XU Chong,et al.Histological observation of alimentary tract and annual changes of four digestive enzymes in sea cucumber(Apostichopusjaponicus)[J].Fish Sci,2007,26(9):481-484.(in Chinese) 王吉桥,唐黎,许重,等.仿刺参消化道的组织学及其4种消化酶活力的周年变化[J].水产科学,2007,26(9):481-484.
[19] FAN Ying,WANG Shuxian,YE Haibin,et al.Effects of polysaccharides from astragalusmembranaceus on non-specific immune in sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus[J].Fish Sci,2010,29(6):321-324.(in Chinese) 樊英,王淑娴,叶海斌,等.黄芪多糖对仿刺参非特异性免疫功能的影响[J].水产科学,2010,29(6):321-324.
[20] Swarup G,Coheng S,Garbers DL.Selective dephosphorylation of proteins containing phosphotyrosine by alkaline phosphatases[J].J Biolog Chem,1981,256(15):8197-8201.
[21] LI Luyao,SUN Pihai,BAO Pengyun,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotcs on immune response and antioxidant performance in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus[J].J Dalian Fish Univ,2016,31(3):266-271.(in Chinese) 李璐瑶,孙丕海,包鹏云,等.饲料中添加混合益生菌对刺参幼参免疫反应和抗氧化性能的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(3):266-271.
[22] HU Yi,TAN Beiping,MAI Kangsen,et al.Effects of dietary probiotic on growth,immunity and intestinal bacteria of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei[J].J Fish Sci China,2008,15(2):244-251.(in Chinese) 胡毅,谭北平,麦康森,等.饲料中益生菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、肠道菌群及部分免疫指标的影响[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(2):244-251.
[23] WANG Mingyang,TIAN Xiangli,LIU Longzhen,et al.Effects of Bacillus coagulans added to feed on the growth performance,serum non-specific immunity and disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Period Ocean Univ China,2018,48(Suppl):8-15.(in Chinese) 王明阳,田相利,刘龙镇,等.饲料中添加凝结芽孢杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、血清非特异性免疫指标及抗病力的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报,2018,48(SupI):8-15.
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