不同浓度杀菌剂对茶云纹叶枯病菌抑制作用
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摘要
为了筛选安全高效防治茶云纹叶枯病的杀菌剂,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法分别测定不同浓度春雷霉素、枯草芽孢杆菌、戊唑醇对其菌丝和分生孢子的抑制作用。结果表明,戊唑醇5 000倍120 h对菌丝抑制率为98. 35%,枯草芽孢杆菌1 200倍120 h对菌丝抑制率为83. 64%。春雷霉素1 200倍对菌丝和分生孢子抑制率分别为40. 96%和96. 65%。戊唑醇5 000倍+春雷霉素1 000倍对菌丝和孢子抑制率分别达到100%,枯草芽孢杆菌1 000+春雷霉素1 000倍对孢子抑制率达100%但对菌丝抑制作用较差。因此用于早期预防推荐使用春雷霉素1 000倍喷雾,防治可以选择戊唑醇5 000倍+春雷霉素1 000倍喷雾,对于绿色茶叶、有机茶叶生产早期预防推荐使用春雷霉素1 000倍喷雾,防治推荐使用枯草芽孢杆菌1 200喷雾或者与春雷霉素1 000倍交替使用。
In order to screen the safe and efficient fungicide for Colletotrichum camelliae Massea control,in this paper,the author uses mycelium growth rate method and spore germination method to analysis the inhibiting effect on mycelium and spore of Colletotrichum camelliae Massea with several fungicides. These fungicides include kasugamycin,bacillus subtilis,and tebuconazole. The results shows that the inhibition rates of mycelium by 5 000 times dilute tebuconazole liquid can be 98. 35% in a 120-hour-experiment. The inhibition rates of mycelium by 1 200 times dilute bacillus subtilis liquid is 83. 64% in a 120-hour-experiment. Under the same experiment hours,the inhibition rates of mycelium and spore by 1 200 times dilute Kasugamycin liquid is 40. 96% and96. 65%. If combine 5 000 times tebuconazole and 1 000 times Kasugamycin,the inhibition rates of mycelium and spore can achieve to 100%. If combine 1 000 times bacillus subtilis and 1 000 times Kasugamycin,the inhibition rates of spore is 100%. However,it only has poor effect on mycelium. Based on the results of experiments,1000 times bacillus subtilis sprays are recommend to use for early prevention. For prophylaxis and treatment,the combined 5 000 times tebuconazole and 1 000 times Kasugamycin sprays can be very effective. Otherwise,for green tea and organic tea,1 000 times Kasugamycin sprays can be used in their early prevention. And for prophylaxis and treatment,either 1 200 times bacillus subtilis or 1 000 times Kasugamycin is effective.
In order to screen the safe and efficient fungicide for Colletotrichum camelliae Massea control,in this paper,the author uses mycelium growth rate method and spore germination method to analysis the inhibiting effect on mycelium and spore of Colletotrichum camelliae Massea with several fungicides. These fungicides include kasugamycin,bacillus subtilis,and tebuconazole. The results shows that the inhibition rates of mycelium by 5 000 times dilute tebuconazole liquid can be 98. 35% in a 120-hour-experiment. The inhibition rates of mycelium by 1 200 times dilute bacillus subtilis liquid is 83. 64% in a 120-hour-experiment. Under the same experiment hours,the inhibition rates of mycelium and spore by 1 200 times dilute Kasugamycin liquid is 40. 96% and96. 65%. If combine 5 000 times tebuconazole and 1 000 times Kasugamycin,the inhibition rates of mycelium and spore can achieve to 100%. If combine 1 000 times bacillus subtilis and 1 000 times Kasugamycin,the inhibition rates of spore is 100%. However,it only has poor effect on mycelium. Based on the results of experiments,1000 times bacillus subtilis sprays are recommend to use for early prevention. For prophylaxis and treatment,the combined 5 000 times tebuconazole and 1 000 times Kasugamycin sprays can be very effective. Otherwise,for green tea and organic tea,1 000 times Kasugamycin sprays can be used in their early prevention. And for prophylaxis and treatment,either 1 200 times bacillus subtilis or 1 000 times Kasugamycin is effective.
引文
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[9]刘正坪,李荣禧,王立新,等.四种杀菌剂对小麦根病病原菌的室内药效试验[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2001,22(4):85-87.
[10]韩小强,杨德松.农药学试验指导[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2016:58-60.
[11]张铉哲,冉隆贤,李永刚,等.植物病理学研究技术[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2015:147-148.
[12]方中达.植病研究方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999.
[2]胡淑霞,何炜,陈小峰.多抗霉素对四种茶树病害抑菌作用的实验研究[J].福建茶叶,2004(3):2-3.
[3]苏经迁,王国红,杨民和.茶树内生真菌混合培养增强对植物病原真菌的拮抗作用[J].菌物学报,2010,29(5):753-759.
[4]李正英,姚永松.茶云纹叶枯病的发生与药剂防治试验[J].茶叶科学技术,2011,52(2):31-32.
[5]陈晶,魏朝霞,唐嘉义. 3种生物农药对4种茶树病害的室内抑菌试验[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2012,27(3):453-456.
[6]朱蔚.柑橘皮乙醇提取物的分离鉴定及其对茶云纹叶枯病病原菌的抑制作用[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2013.
[7]王鸣华,沈慧敏,周小毛.植物化学保护实验[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2014:113-115.
[8]张亮,袁争,朱薇,等. 4种植物提取物对茶炭疽病菌的体外抑制作用[J].植物保护,2012,38(4):137-140.
[9]刘正坪,李荣禧,王立新,等.四种杀菌剂对小麦根病病原菌的室内药效试验[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2001,22(4):85-87.
[10]韩小强,杨德松.农药学试验指导[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2016:58-60.
[11]张铉哲,冉隆贤,李永刚,等.植物病理学研究技术[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2015:147-148.
[12]方中达.植病研究方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999.