综放顺槽采空区悬顶分析及控制技术
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摘要
为了解决综放工作面顺槽采空区大范围悬顶问题,采用理论分析和现场实测的方法,对其中的机理进行研究,并通过退锚技术实现了悬顶及时垮落。理论研究发现综放工作面回采后顶板成"O-X"型破断特征,其中关键块参数影响顺槽顶板垮落位置,通过现场实测确定了关键块参数,同时采用退锚技术使顺槽顶板紧跟工作面顶板垮落,现场实测发现顶板垮落步距减小,支架的工作阻力减少,来压次数增多,表明对悬顶控制较好,从而提高了综放工作面的安全性。
In order to solve the large-scale suspended roof of gob area in the fully mechanized mining face,we use theoretical analysis and field measurement to study its mechanism and realize the timely collapse of the suspended roof by the anchor withdrawing technology.In theory,the roof is characteristic of O-X breaking after the fully mechanized caving.Because of its influence on the roof collapsing position,key block parameters are determined by field measurements.Meanwhile,by the anchor withdrawing technology,the roof of the working face falls,followed by the roof of groove.Field measurements show the reduced caving intervals,decreased working resistance of supports,and increased weighting frequency,which indicates good control of the suspended roof and improved the safety of the fully mechanized caving face.
In order to solve the large-scale suspended roof of gob area in the fully mechanized mining face,we use theoretical analysis and field measurement to study its mechanism and realize the timely collapse of the suspended roof by the anchor withdrawing technology.In theory,the roof is characteristic of O-X breaking after the fully mechanized caving.Because of its influence on the roof collapsing position,key block parameters are determined by field measurements.Meanwhile,by the anchor withdrawing technology,the roof of the working face falls,followed by the roof of groove.Field measurements show the reduced caving intervals,decreased working resistance of supports,and increased weighting frequency,which indicates good control of the suspended roof and improved the safety of the fully mechanized caving face.
引文
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[3]高清启,张景立.孤岛放顶煤工作面初采冒顶事故原因分析[J].煤矿安全,2002,33(4):45-46.GAO Qingqi,ZHANG Jingli.Reasons for Initial Roof Fall Accident in Gudao Top Coal Caving Face[J].Coal Mine Safety,2002,33(4):45-46.
[4]方新秋,许瑞强,赵俊杰.采空侧综放工作面三角煤失稳机理及控制研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(5):678-683.FANG Xinqiu,XU Ruiqiang,ZHAO Junjie.Research on Instability of the Triangular Coal Along Side the Goaf in a Fully Mechanized Top-coal Caving Work Face[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2011,40(5):678-683.
[5]李迎富,华心祝.二次沿空留巷关键块的稳定性及巷旁充填体宽度确定[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(6):783-789.LI Yingfu,HUA Xinzhu.The Stability of Key Block and Calculating the Width of Roadside Backfill in a Secondary Gob-side Entry Retaining[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2012,29(6):783-789.
[6]韩朝军,梁建民,王建立,等.煤顶巷道树脂卷锚固高强锚索退锚工艺试验研究[J].煤矿开采,1999(2):34-35.HAN ChaoJun,LIANG Jianmin,WANG Jianli,et al.Experimental Research on the Anchorage and High Strength Anchorage Cable Anchorage of Coal Roof Roadway[J].Coal Mining,1999(2):34-35.
[7]张庆云,王延明,陈永正,等.TMQ15-300/60型退锚器的设计[J].煤矿机械,2006,27(12):11-12.ZHANG Qingyun,WANG Yanming,CHEN Yongzheng,et al.Design of TMQ15-300/60Type Anchorage Device[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2006,27(12):11-12.
[8]李锦雄,胡庆贺,李玉彬.有效应力与退锚力在预应力施工中的影响[J].公路与汽运,2011(3):148-151.LI Jinxiong,HU Qinghe,LI Yubin.The Effect of Effective Stress and Anchoring Force on Prestress Construction[J].Highway and Transportation,2011(3):148-151.
[9]褚晓威,鞠文君,吴拥政.矿用小孔径预应力锚索单孔锚具滑脱机理研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(12):16-19.CHU Xiaowei,JU Wenjun,WU Yongzheng.Research on Slippage Mechanism of Single Anchoring Device in Mine Small Diameter Pre-stress Anchor[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(12):16-19.