Laval喷管气体超声速凝结流动实验研究
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摘要
Laval喷管是超声速旋流分离技术的核心装置,气体在喷管内高速膨胀产生的低温效应可实现混合气体中可凝组分的冷凝分离。为明确喷管内超声速凝结流动规律,建立了超声速凝结流动实验系统,研究了Laval喷管内气体凝结流动过程,并重点对比分析了膨胀角为1.5°/3°/5°时喷管内的凝结流动参数。结果表明:气体在喷管内流动,温度压力不断降低,气体在喷管喉部处发生凝结,液滴数目急剧增长。喷管膨胀角对气体凝结过程影响明显。喷管膨胀角越大,喷管压力温度下降越快,喷管制冷效果越好。与此同时,凝结产生的液滴数目越多,半径越小。
Laval nozzle is the core device of supersonic cyclone separation technology.The low temperature effect of gas expansion in the nozzle can achieve the condensation separation of condensable components in the mixed gas.In order to make clear the law of supersonic condensate flow in the nozzle,a supersonic condensation flow experimental system was established.The gas condensation flow process in the Laval nozzle was studied,and the condensation flow parameters in the nozzle at the expansion angles of 1.5°/3°/5°were analyzed.The results show that the gas flows in the nozzle,the temperature and pressure are continuously reduced,the gas condenses at the throat of the nozzle,and the number of droplets increases sharply.The nozzle expansion angle has an obvious influence on the gas condensation process.The larger the nozzle expansion angle is,the faster the nozzle pressure temperature drops with a better cooling effect.At the same time,the condensation produces more droplets with smaller radius.
Laval nozzle is the core device of supersonic cyclone separation technology.The low temperature effect of gas expansion in the nozzle can achieve the condensation separation of condensable components in the mixed gas.In order to make clear the law of supersonic condensate flow in the nozzle,a supersonic condensation flow experimental system was established.The gas condensation flow process in the Laval nozzle was studied,and the condensation flow parameters in the nozzle at the expansion angles of 1.5°/3°/5°were analyzed.The results show that the gas flows in the nozzle,the temperature and pressure are continuously reduced,the gas condenses at the throat of the nozzle,and the number of droplets increases sharply.The nozzle expansion angle has an obvious influence on the gas condensation process.The larger the nozzle expansion angle is,the faster the nozzle pressure temperature drops with a better cooling effect.At the same time,the condensation produces more droplets with smaller radius.
引文
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[7]孙文娟,曹学文,杨文,等.喷管内高速流动天然气相变特性数值研究[J].低温与超导,2016,44(12):72-76.
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[12]边江,曹学文,杨文,等.Laval喷管内甲烷-乙烷混合气体低温液化特性[J].天然气化工,2018,43(2):69-74.
[13]易仕和,赵玉新,何霖,等.超声速与高超声速喷管设计[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2013.
[2]ALFYOROW I,BAGIROVL A,DMITRIEVL,et al.Supersonic nozzle efficiently separates natural gas components[J].Oil Gas Journal,2005,103(20):53-58.
[3]LAMANNA G.On nucleation and droplet growth in condensing nozzle flows[D].The Netherlands:Eindhoven University of Technology,2000.
[4]MALYSHKINA M M.The procedure for investigation of the efficiency of purification of natural gases in a supersonic separator[J].High Temperature,2010,48(2):244-250.
[5]BIAN J,CAO X W,YANG W,et al.Supersonic liquefaction properties of natural gas in the Laval nozzle[J].Energy,2018,159(9):706-715.
[6]刘杨,边江,郭晓明,等.Laval喷管内激波位置的计算及制冷性能分析[J].低温与超导,2016,44(6):14-17;39.
[7]孙文娟,曹学文,杨文,等.喷管内高速流动天然气相变特性数值研究[J].低温与超导,2016,44(12):72-76.
[8]曹学文,陈丽,林宗虎,等.喷管制冷作用在天然气脱酸气中的应用研究[J].天然气工业,2007,27(7):112-114.
[9]蒋文明.多组分凝结性超音速流传热传质理论及实验研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2010.
[10]文闯.湿天然气超声速旋流分离机理研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2014.
[11]杨文.天然气高速膨胀凝结相变特性研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2016.
[12]边江,曹学文,杨文,等.Laval喷管内甲烷-乙烷混合气体低温液化特性[J].天然气化工,2018,43(2):69-74.
[13]易仕和,赵玉新,何霖,等.超声速与高超声速喷管设计[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2013.