柚木无性系生长性状的遗传变异与选择效应
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摘要
【目的】掌握柚木Tectona grandis无性系性状遗传变异规律以及无性系与立地的互作效应,选育优良无性系。【方法】采用随机完全区组设计,开展柚木无性系区域性两点试验。【结果】方差分析结果显示,3.5年生柚木无性系树高、胸径、单株材积在试验地点间、无性系间、无性系×立地互作间均呈极显著差异。海南定安试验点柚木无性系树高的变异系数较小(0.092),定安试验点胸径的变异系数和云南景谷试验点树高、胸径的变异系数都较大(0.118～0.167),定安和景谷试验点3.5年生单株材积的变异系数分别达到0.327和0.305。定安试验点柚木无性系树高和胸径的重复力分别为0.873和0.852,景谷试验点柚木无性系树高和胸径的重复力分别为0.851和0.773,定安和景谷试验点3.5年生单株材积的重复力分别为0.863和0.784。【结论】为海南定安地区筛选出速生柚木无性系3078-5、7029、7122、7514和7559,入选无性系的平均树高、胸径和单株材积分别比对照提高21.11%、19.82%和60.53%;为云南景谷地区筛选出速生柚木无性系7029、Z408、7509、7559和8301,入选无性系的平均树高、胸径和单株材积分别比对照提高31.69%、33.66%和128.24%;选择后,2个试验点的材积遗传增益分别达到40.26%和34.57%,其中优良无性系7029和7559为两地共有。
【Objective】To analyze genetic variation in growth traits of Tectona grandis clone and interaction between clone and site, and to select superior teak clones.【Method】Regional field tests of teak clones at two sites were carried out by using randomized complete block design.【Result】Analysis of variance results showed that tree height, DBH, individual volume of teak at 3.5 years old were all significantly different among site, clones and clone×site interaction. The variation coefficient of tree height for teak clones in Ding'an was relatively small(0.092), and the variation coefficients of DBH in Ding'an and both tree height and DBH in Jinggu were relatively large(0.118-0.167). The variation coefficients of individual volume in Ding'an and Jinggu were 0.327 and0.305, respectively. The repeatability of tree height and DBH in Ding'an were 0.873 and 0.852, respectively. The repeatability of tree height and DBH in Jinggu were 0.851 and 0.773, respectively. The repeatability ofindividual volume for teak clones at 3.5 years old in Ding'an and Jinggu were 0.863 and 0.784, respectively.【Conclusion】The selected fast-growing clones for Ding'an area in Hainan were 3078-5, 7029, 7122, 7514 and7559. The mean tree height, DBH and individual volume for the selected clones were 21.11%, 19.82% and 60.53%higher than that of the control, respectively. The superior clones of fast-growing for Jinggu area in Yunnan were7029, Z408, 7509, 7559 and 8301. The mean tree height, DBH and individual volume for the selected clones were31.69%, 33.66% and 128.24% higher compared with control, respectively. The genetic gain of individual volume in Ding'an and Jinggu reached 40.26% and 34.57%, respectively. The clone 7029 and 7559 were the shared superior clones in both sites.
【Objective】To analyze genetic variation in growth traits of Tectona grandis clone and interaction between clone and site, and to select superior teak clones.【Method】Regional field tests of teak clones at two sites were carried out by using randomized complete block design.【Result】Analysis of variance results showed that tree height, DBH, individual volume of teak at 3.5 years old were all significantly different among site, clones and clone×site interaction. The variation coefficient of tree height for teak clones in Ding'an was relatively small(0.092), and the variation coefficients of DBH in Ding'an and both tree height and DBH in Jinggu were relatively large(0.118-0.167). The variation coefficients of individual volume in Ding'an and Jinggu were 0.327 and0.305, respectively. The repeatability of tree height and DBH in Ding'an were 0.873 and 0.852, respectively. The repeatability of tree height and DBH in Jinggu were 0.851 and 0.773, respectively. The repeatability ofindividual volume for teak clones at 3.5 years old in Ding'an and Jinggu were 0.863 and 0.784, respectively.【Conclusion】The selected fast-growing clones for Ding'an area in Hainan were 3078-5, 7029, 7122, 7514 and7559. The mean tree height, DBH and individual volume for the selected clones were 21.11%, 19.82% and 60.53%higher than that of the control, respectively. The superior clones of fast-growing for Jinggu area in Yunnan were7029, Z408, 7509, 7559 and 8301. The mean tree height, DBH and individual volume for the selected clones were31.69%, 33.66% and 128.24% higher compared with control, respectively. The genetic gain of individual volume in Ding'an and Jinggu reached 40.26% and 34.57%, respectively. The clone 7029 and 7559 were the shared superior clones in both sites.
引文
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[14]胡集瑞.马尾松种子园建园亲本性状遗传变异及优质速生无性系选育[J].福建林业科技,2008,35(2):21-25.
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[2]WHITE K J.Teak:Some aspects of research and development[M].Bangkok:FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific(RAPA),1991:70.
[3]黄桂华.柚木种质资源遗传变异和优良无性系早期选择的研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2015.
[4]史富强,童清,杨华景,等.柚木优良无性系的早期选择[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42(2):14-16.
[5]黄桂华,梁坤南,韦海,等.柚木冷害调查及耐寒无性系选择[J].广东林业科技,2015,31(3):16-19.
[6]黄桂华,梁坤南,周再知,等.柚木无性系苗期抗寒生理评价与选择[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,43(9):12-17.
[7]康向阳.关于无性系林业若干问题的认识和建议:以杨树为例[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(9):1-7.
[8]李新国,朱之悌.林木基因型与地点最佳组合选择的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,1998,20(3):15-18.
[9]段爱国,张雄清,张建国,等.21年生杉木无性系生长与遗传评价[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(5):672-676.
[10]邝炳朝.柚木良种选育及配套技术研究[R].广州:中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,1996.
[11]陈晓阳,沈熙环.林木育种学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005:19-20.
[12]石忠诚,叶晓鸿,梁伦智,等.柚木种子园自由授粉子代家系测定及早期选择[J].林业与环境科学,2016,32(4):33-37.
[13]曾志光,肖复明,沈彩周,等.江西省优质速生杉木无性系选育研究[J].林业科学研究,2006,19(5):561-566.
[14]胡集瑞.马尾松种子园建园亲本性状遗传变异及优质速生无性系选育[J].福建林业科技,2008,35(2):21-25.
[15]李思广,付玉嫔,许林红,等.思茅松高松节油无性系选育研究[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(2):38-42.
[16]阮梓材.广东省杉木无性系选育程序与策略[J].广东林业科技,1994(S1):1-5.
[17]WHITE T L,ADAMS W T,NEALE D B.Forest genetics[M].Cambridge:CABI publishing,2007:518-519.