短期噪声暴露对作业人员注意力的影响研究
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摘要
综采工作面噪声污染对作业人员的身心健康和作业安全绩效都能造成严重影响,为了研究短期噪声暴露对作业人员注意力的影响,利用舒尔特方格,运用人因工程学、环境学、生理学、实验心理学和行为学的相关知识进行试验。通过对噪声等级和噪声暴露时间量化研究,分析噪声等级和噪声暴露时间对作业人员注意力的影响,并建立相应的回归模型。结果表明:(1)噪声等级和噪声暴露时间对作业人员的注意力都能产生显著性影响。(2)噪声刺激导致作业人员的注意力集中程度降低。(3)当噪声等级小于95 dB时,噪声等级是影响作业人员注意力的主要因素;当噪声等级大于95 dB时,噪声暴露时间是主要影响因素。
Noise pollution in fully mechanized coal face has a serious impact on the physical and mental health and safety performance of the workers. In order to study the effect of short-term noise exposure on workers' attention,using the Schulte grid and the relevant knowledge of human factor engineering,environment,physiology,experimental psychology and behavior,the effects of noise level and noise exposure time on workers' attention were analyzed and the corresponding regression model was established. The results showed that:( 1) the noise stimulation level and noise exposure time had a significant effect on workers' attention.( 2) the noise stimulation reduced the concentration of workers' attention.( 3) when the noise level was less than 95 dB,it was the dominant factor that affected the workers' attention. While the noise level was more than 95 dB,noise exposure time was the main affecting factor.
Noise pollution in fully mechanized coal face has a serious impact on the physical and mental health and safety performance of the workers. In order to study the effect of short-term noise exposure on workers' attention,using the Schulte grid and the relevant knowledge of human factor engineering,environment,physiology,experimental psychology and behavior,the effects of noise level and noise exposure time on workers' attention were analyzed and the corresponding regression model was established. The results showed that:( 1) the noise stimulation level and noise exposure time had a significant effect on workers' attention.( 2) the noise stimulation reduced the concentration of workers' attention.( 3) when the noise level was less than 95 dB,it was the dominant factor that affected the workers' attention. While the noise level was more than 95 dB,noise exposure time was the main affecting factor.
引文
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[9]刘照鹏.煤矿综采工作面噪声的分析[J].煤矿安全,2004,35(2):30-33.LIU Z P. Analysis for noise of fully-mechanized mining faces in coal mine[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2004,35(2):30-33.
[10]柏东冰.矿井工作面噪声分析及降噪算法研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2014.BAI D B. Analysis of noise on coal mine working surface and research of noise reduction algorithm[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2014.
[11]黄孝扬.噪声对人的影响及评价方法[J].汕头科技,2002(1):52-56.HUANG X Y. The impact of noise on people and evaluation methods[J]. Shantou Technology,2002(1):52-56.
[12]吴红林.煤矿井下噪声危害及其防治[J].河北煤炭,2007,4(2):6+44.WU H L. Hazards of noise in coal mine and measures of prevention and control[J]. Hebei Coal,2007,4(2):6+44.
[13]景国勋.煤矿掘进工作面人-环安全关系分析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2012:59-60,63,78.JING G X. Analysis of safety relation between man and environment in coal mine tunneling[M]. Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,2012:59-60,63,78.
[14] MELAMED S,FRIED Y,FROOM P. The joint effect of noise exposure and jobcomplexity on distress and injury risk among men and women:the cardiovascularoccupational risk factors determination in Israel study[J]. Environmental Research,2004,46(10):1023-1032.
[15] PICARD M,GIRARD S A,SIMARD M,et al. Association of work-related accidents with noise exposure in the workplace and noise-induced hearing loss based on the experience of some 240,000 person-years of observation[J]. Accid. Anal. Prev.,2008,40(5):1644-1652.
[16]周霏.综采作业环境下矿工生理指标及可靠度预警系统研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2018.ZHOU F. Research on the physiological index and reliability early-warning of miner in mechanized coal face with operating[D]. Jiaozuo:Henan Polytechnic University,2018.
[2]何学秋.安全工程学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000:65-70.HE X Q. Safety engineering[M]. Xuzhou:China University of Mining Press,2000:65-70.
[3]李静,张忠贤.环境因素对施工现场与生产作业安全的影响分析[J].冶金经济与管理,2002(1):42-43.LI J,ZHANG Z X. Analysis of the influence of Environmental factors on the safety of construction site and production[J]. Metallurgical Economics and Management,2002(1):42-43.
[4]吴金刚,高建良,支光辉.井下环境因素对人为失误的影响[J].煤炭工程,2005(9):40-41.WU J G,GAO J L,ZHI G H. The influence of downhole environmental factors on human error[J]. Coal Engineering,2005(9):40-41.
[5]景国勋,李创起,彭信山.掘进工作面复杂环境因素与人因伤亡事故的关联度分析[J].安全与环境学报,2012,12(1):238-240.JING G X,LI C Q,PENG X S. Correlation analysis of complicated environmental factors and human casualties in heading face[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment,2012,12(1):238-240.
[6]赵泓超.基于生理-心理测量的作业人员不安全行为实验研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2012.ZHAO H C. Experimental study on unsafe behavior of workers based on physiological-psychological measurement[D]. Xi’an:Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2012.
[7]张武煌,顾季昂.铜矿井下高温高湿作业工人身体状况的观察[J].工业卫生与职业病,1984(2):88-90.ZHANG W H,GU J A. Observation on physical condition of workers exposed to high temperature and humidity in underground copper mine[J]. Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases,1984(2):88-90.
[8]肖栋.噪声对人的行为功能及疲劳的影响[J].怀化师专学报,2001,20(5):55-56.XIAO D. Influence of noise on action function and weary of human[J]. Journal of Huaihua Teachers College,2001,20(5):55-56.
[9]刘照鹏.煤矿综采工作面噪声的分析[J].煤矿安全,2004,35(2):30-33.LIU Z P. Analysis for noise of fully-mechanized mining faces in coal mine[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2004,35(2):30-33.
[10]柏东冰.矿井工作面噪声分析及降噪算法研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2014.BAI D B. Analysis of noise on coal mine working surface and research of noise reduction algorithm[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2014.
[11]黄孝扬.噪声对人的影响及评价方法[J].汕头科技,2002(1):52-56.HUANG X Y. The impact of noise on people and evaluation methods[J]. Shantou Technology,2002(1):52-56.
[12]吴红林.煤矿井下噪声危害及其防治[J].河北煤炭,2007,4(2):6+44.WU H L. Hazards of noise in coal mine and measures of prevention and control[J]. Hebei Coal,2007,4(2):6+44.
[13]景国勋.煤矿掘进工作面人-环安全关系分析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2012:59-60,63,78.JING G X. Analysis of safety relation between man and environment in coal mine tunneling[M]. Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,2012:59-60,63,78.
[14] MELAMED S,FRIED Y,FROOM P. The joint effect of noise exposure and jobcomplexity on distress and injury risk among men and women:the cardiovascularoccupational risk factors determination in Israel study[J]. Environmental Research,2004,46(10):1023-1032.
[15] PICARD M,GIRARD S A,SIMARD M,et al. Association of work-related accidents with noise exposure in the workplace and noise-induced hearing loss based on the experience of some 240,000 person-years of observation[J]. Accid. Anal. Prev.,2008,40(5):1644-1652.
[16]周霏.综采作业环境下矿工生理指标及可靠度预警系统研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2018.ZHOU F. Research on the physiological index and reliability early-warning of miner in mechanized coal face with operating[D]. Jiaozuo:Henan Polytechnic University,2018.