环境条件对麻纤维地膜降解及其土壤微生物量和酶活性的影响
|
摘要
通过设置不同土壤pH、施氮量、季节和作物种植的土壤环境条件,采用盆栽埋袋试验方法研究麻纤维地膜的降解规律变化,并分析其与土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的关系。结果表明:麻纤维地膜的降解过程均服从Olson衰减模型(R~2=0.689～0.996,P<0.05)。施氮量和使用季节对麻纤维地膜的降解产生显著影响,在秋冬季节施氮量增加和种植小白菜呈抑制地膜降解的趋势,夏季地膜降解速率显著高于秋冬季,但土壤pH(5.80～8.34)对地膜的降解速率影响较弱。不同土壤环境条件下,试验末期麻纤维地膜的降解率与土壤微生物生物量碳、氮(MBC、MBN)、纤维素酶及过氧化氢酶活性呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。因此,土壤环境条件改变导致的土壤微生物生物量及酶活性变化可能是其影响麻纤维地膜降解速率的重要原因。
The pot buried experiments were conducted to study the effects of soil pH, nitrogen application, seasons and pakchoi planting on the degradation of bast fiber mulch film(BFMF) and the changes in soil microbial biomass and enzymes activities. The results showed that the degradation process of BFMF obeyed the Olson attenuation model(R~2=0.689～0.996, P<0.05). The application of nitrogen and planting of pakchoi during the autum-winter season significantly inhibited the degradation of BFMF(P<0.05). Further, the degradation rate of BFMF was significantly higher during summer than autumn-winter season(P<0.05). While, limited effect of soil pH(5.80～8.34) on the degradation of BFMF was observed(P>0.05). Moreover, there were significantly positive relationships between the degradation rates of BFMF and the soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen(MBC, MBN), cellulose and catalase activities at the end of the experiments periods(P<0.05).These results indicated that the different degradation characters of BFMF might be due to the changes in soil microbial biomass and enzymes activities under different soil environment conditions.
The pot buried experiments were conducted to study the effects of soil pH, nitrogen application, seasons and pakchoi planting on the degradation of bast fiber mulch film(BFMF) and the changes in soil microbial biomass and enzymes activities. The results showed that the degradation process of BFMF obeyed the Olson attenuation model(R~2=0.689～0.996, P<0.05). The application of nitrogen and planting of pakchoi during the autum-winter season significantly inhibited the degradation of BFMF(P<0.05). Further, the degradation rate of BFMF was significantly higher during summer than autumn-winter season(P<0.05). While, limited effect of soil pH(5.80～8.34) on the degradation of BFMF was observed(P>0.05). Moreover, there were significantly positive relationships between the degradation rates of BFMF and the soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen(MBC, MBN), cellulose and catalase activities at the end of the experiments periods(P<0.05).These results indicated that the different degradation characters of BFMF might be due to the changes in soil microbial biomass and enzymes activities under different soil environment conditions.
引文
[1] Ammala A, Bateman S, Dean K, et al. An overview of degradable and biodegradable polyolefins[J].Progress in Polymer Science,2011,36(8):1015-1049.
[2] 袁海涛,于谦林,贾德新,等.氧化—生物双降解地膜降解性能及其对棉花生长的影响[J].棉花学报,2016,28(6):602-608.
[3] 山立,韩冰.可降解农用地膜国内外研究推广进程与存在问题[J].陕西农业科学,2015,61(12):73-77.
[4] 龚双凤,杨涛,陈宝燕,等.地膜降解与土壤温度和含水量的关系及其对棉花产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(4):62-68.
[5] 唐文雪,马忠明.地膜降解特征对土壤水热效应和玉米产量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(1):114-123.
[6] 李仙岳,彭遵原,史海滨,等.不同类型地膜覆盖对土壤水热与葵花生长的影响[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(2):97-103.
[7] 宋建龙.麻地膜降解特性及对土壤和作物的效应研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2009.
[8] 王朝云,许香春,易永健,等.麻地膜降解对土壤性质和作物产量影响的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(1):84-92.
[9] 尚瑞广,王朝云,易永健,等.麻地膜覆盖保温特性及对白菜生长和产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(16):255-260.
[10] 杨媛茹,王朝云,易永健,等.大棚内麻地膜覆盖栽培下辣椒的营养生长和产量研究[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(25):64-69.
[11] 谢丕江,邹如戈,李玉华,等.苎麻地膜在桃源县棉花上的应用试验[J].棉花科学,2017,39(5):24-26.
[12] 何文清,赵彩霞,刘爽,等.全生物降解膜田间降解特征及其对棉花产量影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2011,16(3):21-27.
[13] Ma Z, Ma Y, Qin L, et al. Preparation and characteristics of biodegradable mulching films based on fermentation industry wastes[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2016,111:54-61.
[14] 吴金水.土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006.
[15] 乔文静,戴银月,张伟,等.黄土丘陵区撂荒恢复过程中植物群落组成与土壤养分及酶活性变化的关系[J].环境科学,2018,39(12):5687-5698.
[16] 王兴文,侯贤清,李文芸,等.旱作区环保型材料覆盖对马铃薯生长的影响及其降解特性[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(3):86-112.
[17] Tan Z, Yi Y, Wang H, et al. Physical and degradable properties of mulching films prepared from natural fibers and biodegradable polymers[J].Applied Sciences,2016,6(5):147-158.
[18] 徐波,朱忠福,李金洋,等.九寨沟国家自然保护区4个典型树种叶片凋落物在林下及高山湖泊中的分解及养分释放特征[J].植物生态学报,2016,40(9):883-892.
[19] Aponte C, García L V, Maraňón T. Tree species effect on litter decomposition and nutrient release in Mediterranean Oak forests changes over time[J].Ecosystems,2012,15(7):1204-1218.
[20] 洪慧滨,林成芳,彭建勤,等.磷添加对中亚热带米槠和杉木细根分解及其酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(1):136-146.
[21] 韩雪,王春梅,蔺照兰.模拟氮沉降对温带森林凋落物分解的影响[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(9):1503-1508.
[22] 向元彬,周世兴,肖永翔,等.模拟氮沉降和降雨对华西雨屏区常绿阔叶林凋落物分解的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(2):455-463.
[23] Geisseler D, Scow K M. Long-term effects of mineral fertilizers on soil microorganisms:A review[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2014,75:54-63.
[24] 张娟霞,刘伟刚,宁媛,等.长期秸秆还田与施氮后土壤活性碳、氮的变化[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(3):212-217.
[25] Demoling F, Nilsson L O, Baath E. Bacterial and fungal response to nitrogen fertilization in three coniferous forest soils[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(2):370-379.
[26] 尉建埔,张洁,王文娜,等.施氮肥对东北帽儿山云杉人工林土壤微生物生物量和群落结构的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(5):52-56.
[27] 焦有宙,高赞,李刚,等.不同土著菌及其复合菌对玉米秸秆降解的影响[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(23):201-207.
[28] 王志信,朱娇娇,谢敏杰,等.腐植酸可降解地膜的生物降解性研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2017,19(5):92-99.
[29] 李红亚,李术娜,王树香,等.解淀粉芽孢杆菌MN-8对玉米秸秆木质纤维素的降解[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(5):1404-1410.
[30] 梁琼,王婵,刘杰,等.设施菜地土壤有机碳及酶活性特征[J].北京农学院学报,2018,33(1):43-48.
[31] 冯龙,张崇玉,陶雯,等.不同施肥处理对大白菜土壤酶和微生物量碳、氮含量的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2018,37(4):45-50.
[32] 徐健程,王晓维,朱晓芳,等.不同绿肥种植模式下玉米秸秆腐解特征研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):48-58.
[2] 袁海涛,于谦林,贾德新,等.氧化—生物双降解地膜降解性能及其对棉花生长的影响[J].棉花学报,2016,28(6):602-608.
[3] 山立,韩冰.可降解农用地膜国内外研究推广进程与存在问题[J].陕西农业科学,2015,61(12):73-77.
[4] 龚双凤,杨涛,陈宝燕,等.地膜降解与土壤温度和含水量的关系及其对棉花产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(4):62-68.
[5] 唐文雪,马忠明.地膜降解特征对土壤水热效应和玉米产量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(1):114-123.
[6] 李仙岳,彭遵原,史海滨,等.不同类型地膜覆盖对土壤水热与葵花生长的影响[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(2):97-103.
[7] 宋建龙.麻地膜降解特性及对土壤和作物的效应研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2009.
[8] 王朝云,许香春,易永健,等.麻地膜降解对土壤性质和作物产量影响的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(1):84-92.
[9] 尚瑞广,王朝云,易永健,等.麻地膜覆盖保温特性及对白菜生长和产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(16):255-260.
[10] 杨媛茹,王朝云,易永健,等.大棚内麻地膜覆盖栽培下辣椒的营养生长和产量研究[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(25):64-69.
[11] 谢丕江,邹如戈,李玉华,等.苎麻地膜在桃源县棉花上的应用试验[J].棉花科学,2017,39(5):24-26.
[12] 何文清,赵彩霞,刘爽,等.全生物降解膜田间降解特征及其对棉花产量影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2011,16(3):21-27.
[13] Ma Z, Ma Y, Qin L, et al. Preparation and characteristics of biodegradable mulching films based on fermentation industry wastes[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2016,111:54-61.
[14] 吴金水.土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006.
[15] 乔文静,戴银月,张伟,等.黄土丘陵区撂荒恢复过程中植物群落组成与土壤养分及酶活性变化的关系[J].环境科学,2018,39(12):5687-5698.
[16] 王兴文,侯贤清,李文芸,等.旱作区环保型材料覆盖对马铃薯生长的影响及其降解特性[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(3):86-112.
[17] Tan Z, Yi Y, Wang H, et al. Physical and degradable properties of mulching films prepared from natural fibers and biodegradable polymers[J].Applied Sciences,2016,6(5):147-158.
[18] 徐波,朱忠福,李金洋,等.九寨沟国家自然保护区4个典型树种叶片凋落物在林下及高山湖泊中的分解及养分释放特征[J].植物生态学报,2016,40(9):883-892.
[19] Aponte C, García L V, Maraňón T. Tree species effect on litter decomposition and nutrient release in Mediterranean Oak forests changes over time[J].Ecosystems,2012,15(7):1204-1218.
[20] 洪慧滨,林成芳,彭建勤,等.磷添加对中亚热带米槠和杉木细根分解及其酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(1):136-146.
[21] 韩雪,王春梅,蔺照兰.模拟氮沉降对温带森林凋落物分解的影响[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(9):1503-1508.
[22] 向元彬,周世兴,肖永翔,等.模拟氮沉降和降雨对华西雨屏区常绿阔叶林凋落物分解的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(2):455-463.
[23] Geisseler D, Scow K M. Long-term effects of mineral fertilizers on soil microorganisms:A review[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2014,75:54-63.
[24] 张娟霞,刘伟刚,宁媛,等.长期秸秆还田与施氮后土壤活性碳、氮的变化[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(3):212-217.
[25] Demoling F, Nilsson L O, Baath E. Bacterial and fungal response to nitrogen fertilization in three coniferous forest soils[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(2):370-379.
[26] 尉建埔,张洁,王文娜,等.施氮肥对东北帽儿山云杉人工林土壤微生物生物量和群落结构的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(5):52-56.
[27] 焦有宙,高赞,李刚,等.不同土著菌及其复合菌对玉米秸秆降解的影响[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(23):201-207.
[28] 王志信,朱娇娇,谢敏杰,等.腐植酸可降解地膜的生物降解性研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2017,19(5):92-99.
[29] 李红亚,李术娜,王树香,等.解淀粉芽孢杆菌MN-8对玉米秸秆木质纤维素的降解[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(5):1404-1410.
[30] 梁琼,王婵,刘杰,等.设施菜地土壤有机碳及酶活性特征[J].北京农学院学报,2018,33(1):43-48.
[31] 冯龙,张崇玉,陶雯,等.不同施肥处理对大白菜土壤酶和微生物量碳、氮含量的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2018,37(4):45-50.
[32] 徐健程,王晓维,朱晓芳,等.不同绿肥种植模式下玉米秸秆腐解特征研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):48-58.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |