钝化剂对酸性高镉土壤钝化效果及水稻镉吸收的影响
|
摘要
以海泡石、磷酸二氢钾、钙镁磷肥、钢渣、生石灰及生物炭为重金属镉钝化材料,研究钝化剂对湖南省酸性高镉(Cd)稻田土壤及水稻中Cd含量的影响。以土壤pH值和有效态镉作为评价指标,筛选出三种效果较优的钝化剂,通过正交试验进行复配,选择最优的钝化剂配方进行田间验证。结果表明,海泡石、钙镁磷肥、钢渣在施用比例为1%时均可显著提高土壤pH,pH的提升效果排序为钢渣>钙镁磷肥>海泡石;除钢渣外,其余钝化剂在施用比例为1%时均可不同程度降低土壤有效态Cd含量,钝化效果排序为磷酸二氢钾>钙镁磷肥>生物炭>海泡石>生石灰。选取海泡石、钙镁磷肥和磷酸二氢钾复配钝化剂,依据正交试验结果并综合考虑钝化效果、成本及材料易得性,确定钝化剂的最优施用量组合为海泡石500 mg kg-1、钙镁磷肥500 mg kg-1、磷酸二氢钾170 mg kg-1。大田试验结果表明,施用钝化剂后,土壤pH值提高0.5个单位,土壤有效Cd含量降低34.00%,糙米中Cd含量降低19.44%,水稻各器官Cd的富集与迁移系数明显降低,水稻产量明显升高。
Five kinds of passivator material(sepiolite, monopotassium, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer(CMPF),steel slag, quicklime and biochar) were selected to investigate their effects on the contents of cadmium(Cd) in rice and soil of the acid and Cd paddy fields in Hunan Province. Soil pH and available Cd were used as evaluation indices to select the optimum passivator. Then the optimum formula of the passivator was selected by field verification testing and the method of orthogonal experiment. The soil pH value was significantly decreased in the order of steel slag > CMPF> sepiolite when they were applied at the ratio of 1%. Except steel slag, the other passivators applied at the ratio of1% reduced the content of available Cd. And the passivation effect was monopotassium > CMPF > biochar > sepiolite> quicklime. The optimum formula of sepiolite, CMPF and monopotassium applied was the amount of 500 mg·kg-1,500 mg·kg-1, and 170 mg·kg-1, respectively. After adding the passivators to the field, the soil pH value was increased by 0.5, and the contents of soil available Cd and Cd of brown rice were decreased by 34.79% and 19.44%,respectively. In addition, the enrichment and migration coefficients of Cd in rice organs decreased obviously. The results indicated that the passivators could increase the yield of rice slightly.
Five kinds of passivator material(sepiolite, monopotassium, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer(CMPF),steel slag, quicklime and biochar) were selected to investigate their effects on the contents of cadmium(Cd) in rice and soil of the acid and Cd paddy fields in Hunan Province. Soil pH and available Cd were used as evaluation indices to select the optimum passivator. Then the optimum formula of the passivator was selected by field verification testing and the method of orthogonal experiment. The soil pH value was significantly decreased in the order of steel slag > CMPF> sepiolite when they were applied at the ratio of 1%. Except steel slag, the other passivators applied at the ratio of1% reduced the content of available Cd. And the passivation effect was monopotassium > CMPF > biochar > sepiolite> quicklime. The optimum formula of sepiolite, CMPF and monopotassium applied was the amount of 500 mg·kg-1,500 mg·kg-1, and 170 mg·kg-1, respectively. After adding the passivators to the field, the soil pH value was increased by 0.5, and the contents of soil available Cd and Cd of brown rice were decreased by 34.79% and 19.44%,respectively. In addition, the enrichment and migration coefficients of Cd in rice organs decreased obviously. The results indicated that the passivators could increase the yield of rice slightly.
引文
[1] SEBASTIAN A, PRASAD M N V. Cadmium minimization in rice. A review[J]. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2014, 34(1):155-73.
[2]高子翔,周航,杨文弢,等.基施硅肥对土壤镉生物有效性及水稻镉累积效应的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(12):5299-307.
[3] XIE Y H, XIONG-HUI J I, HUANG J, et al. Effects of Red-mud and Lime on Cadmium Uptake of Corn in Dryland Converted from Cadmium Polluted Paddy Field[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2014,
[4]张亮亮,樊小林,张立丹,等.碱性肥料对稻田土壤和稻米镉含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(3):891-6.
[5]李造煌,杨文弢,邹佳玲,等.钙镁磷肥对土壤Cd生物有效性和糙米Cd含量的影响[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(6):2322-30.
[6]迟荪琳,徐卫红,熊仕娟,等.不同镉水平下纳米沸石对土壤pH、CEC及Cd形态的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(4):1654-66.
[7]黄荣,徐应明,黄青青等.施用不同磷肥对海泡石钝化修复镉污染土壤影响的研究[J].土壤通报,2017,(6):1499-505.
[8]朱奇宏,黄道友,刘国胜,等.改良剂对镉污染酸性水稻土的修复效应与机理研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(4):847-51.
[9] ADRIANO D C, WENZEL W W, VANGRONSVELD J, et al. Role of assisted natural remediation in environmental cleanup[J]. Geoderma,2004, 122(2):121-42.
[10]潘智立.硫、硅对水稻吸收镉的影响及机理[D].沈阳农业大学,2016.
[11]陈怀满.土壤中化学物质的行为与环境质量[M].科学出版社,2002.
[12]袁珍贵.酸化对南方稻田土壤镉有效性与晚稻镉积累分配的影响[D].湖南农业大学,2015.
[13]张水勤,王峰源,姜慧敏,等.设施菜地土壤中速效磷是镉生物有效性的关键调控因子[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(9):1721-7.
[14]刘菁钧,赖子娟,刘颖.黄河甘宁蒙段表层沉积物中稀土元素形态和分馏作用研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2013,33(3):798-803.
[15]韩春梅,王林山,巩宗强,等.土壤中重金属形态分析及其环境学意义[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(12):1499-502.
[16]丁琼.土壤性质及钝化剂对镉在土壤—植物系统转移的影响[D].首都师范大学,2012.
[17]杨惟薇,潘丽萍,张超兰,等.生物质炭对污染土壤中的镉生物有效性及阿特拉津消解的影响[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(12):6141-6.
[18]张振宇.生物炭对稻田土壤镉生物有效性的影响研究[D].沈阳农业大学,2013.
[19]龙思斯,杨益新,宋正国,等.三种类型阻控剂对不同品种水稻富集镉的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2016,33(5):459-65.
[20]李桃.施磷对不同品种水稻镉吸收、积累的影响[D].沈阳农业大学,2017.
[21]王林,徐应明,孙国红,等.海泡石和磷酸盐对镉铅污染稻田土壤的钝化修复效应与机理研究[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(2):314-20.
[22]罗远恒,顾雪元,吴永贵,等.钝化剂对农田土壤镉污染的原位钝化修复效应研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(5):890-7.
[23]钟楚彬,纪雄辉,谢运河,等.纳米矿物基土壤调理剂对水稻的降镉效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018,(4):148-152.
[24]方战.四种土壤调理剂降低稻米镉的效果及应用分析[D].广西大学,2018.
[25]崔俊义,马友华,陈亮妹,等.原位钝化-低积累品种联合修复镉污染农田研究[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(7):77-83.
[26]张雪霞,张晓霞,郑煜基,等.水分管理对硫铁镉在水稻根区变化规律及其在水稻中积累的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(7):2837-46.
[27]陈诚,铁柏清.土壤调理剂对不同成土母质Cd污染稻田的修复效果[J].湖南农业科学,2016,(6):26-9.
[28] MATTINA M I, LANNUCCI-BERGER W, MUSANTE C, et al.Concurrent plant uptake of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants from soil[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2003, 124(3):375.
[29] TANHAN P, KRUATRACHUE M, POKETHITIYOOK P, et al.Uptake and accumulation of cadmium, lead and zinc by Siam weed[Chromolaena odorata(L.)King&Robinson][J]. Chemosphere, 2007,68(2):323-9.
[30]李凝玉,李志安,丁永祯,等.不同作物与玉米间作对玉米吸收积累镉的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(6):1369-73.
[31]郭利敏,艾绍英,唐明灯,等.不同改良剂对镉污染土壤中小白菜吸收镉的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(3):654-8.
[32]陈喆,铁柏清,雷鸣,等.施硅方式对稻米镉阻隔潜力研究[J].环境科学,2014,35(7):2762-70.
[33]陈京都,何理,林忠成,等.不同生育期类型水稻对镉积累的研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2013,29(3):390-3.
[34] TREFRY J H, METZ S, TROCINE R P, et al. A decline in lead transport by the Mississippi river[J]. Science, 1985, 230(4724):439.
[2]高子翔,周航,杨文弢,等.基施硅肥对土壤镉生物有效性及水稻镉累积效应的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(12):5299-307.
[3] XIE Y H, XIONG-HUI J I, HUANG J, et al. Effects of Red-mud and Lime on Cadmium Uptake of Corn in Dryland Converted from Cadmium Polluted Paddy Field[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2014,
[4]张亮亮,樊小林,张立丹,等.碱性肥料对稻田土壤和稻米镉含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(3):891-6.
[5]李造煌,杨文弢,邹佳玲,等.钙镁磷肥对土壤Cd生物有效性和糙米Cd含量的影响[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(6):2322-30.
[6]迟荪琳,徐卫红,熊仕娟,等.不同镉水平下纳米沸石对土壤pH、CEC及Cd形态的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(4):1654-66.
[7]黄荣,徐应明,黄青青等.施用不同磷肥对海泡石钝化修复镉污染土壤影响的研究[J].土壤通报,2017,(6):1499-505.
[8]朱奇宏,黄道友,刘国胜,等.改良剂对镉污染酸性水稻土的修复效应与机理研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(4):847-51.
[9] ADRIANO D C, WENZEL W W, VANGRONSVELD J, et al. Role of assisted natural remediation in environmental cleanup[J]. Geoderma,2004, 122(2):121-42.
[10]潘智立.硫、硅对水稻吸收镉的影响及机理[D].沈阳农业大学,2016.
[11]陈怀满.土壤中化学物质的行为与环境质量[M].科学出版社,2002.
[12]袁珍贵.酸化对南方稻田土壤镉有效性与晚稻镉积累分配的影响[D].湖南农业大学,2015.
[13]张水勤,王峰源,姜慧敏,等.设施菜地土壤中速效磷是镉生物有效性的关键调控因子[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(9):1721-7.
[14]刘菁钧,赖子娟,刘颖.黄河甘宁蒙段表层沉积物中稀土元素形态和分馏作用研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2013,33(3):798-803.
[15]韩春梅,王林山,巩宗强,等.土壤中重金属形态分析及其环境学意义[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(12):1499-502.
[16]丁琼.土壤性质及钝化剂对镉在土壤—植物系统转移的影响[D].首都师范大学,2012.
[17]杨惟薇,潘丽萍,张超兰,等.生物质炭对污染土壤中的镉生物有效性及阿特拉津消解的影响[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(12):6141-6.
[18]张振宇.生物炭对稻田土壤镉生物有效性的影响研究[D].沈阳农业大学,2013.
[19]龙思斯,杨益新,宋正国,等.三种类型阻控剂对不同品种水稻富集镉的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2016,33(5):459-65.
[20]李桃.施磷对不同品种水稻镉吸收、积累的影响[D].沈阳农业大学,2017.
[21]王林,徐应明,孙国红,等.海泡石和磷酸盐对镉铅污染稻田土壤的钝化修复效应与机理研究[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(2):314-20.
[22]罗远恒,顾雪元,吴永贵,等.钝化剂对农田土壤镉污染的原位钝化修复效应研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(5):890-7.
[23]钟楚彬,纪雄辉,谢运河,等.纳米矿物基土壤调理剂对水稻的降镉效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018,(4):148-152.
[24]方战.四种土壤调理剂降低稻米镉的效果及应用分析[D].广西大学,2018.
[25]崔俊义,马友华,陈亮妹,等.原位钝化-低积累品种联合修复镉污染农田研究[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(7):77-83.
[26]张雪霞,张晓霞,郑煜基,等.水分管理对硫铁镉在水稻根区变化规律及其在水稻中积累的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(7):2837-46.
[27]陈诚,铁柏清.土壤调理剂对不同成土母质Cd污染稻田的修复效果[J].湖南农业科学,2016,(6):26-9.
[28] MATTINA M I, LANNUCCI-BERGER W, MUSANTE C, et al.Concurrent plant uptake of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants from soil[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2003, 124(3):375.
[29] TANHAN P, KRUATRACHUE M, POKETHITIYOOK P, et al.Uptake and accumulation of cadmium, lead and zinc by Siam weed[Chromolaena odorata(L.)King&Robinson][J]. Chemosphere, 2007,68(2):323-9.
[30]李凝玉,李志安,丁永祯,等.不同作物与玉米间作对玉米吸收积累镉的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(6):1369-73.
[31]郭利敏,艾绍英,唐明灯,等.不同改良剂对镉污染土壤中小白菜吸收镉的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(3):654-8.
[32]陈喆,铁柏清,雷鸣,等.施硅方式对稻米镉阻隔潜力研究[J].环境科学,2014,35(7):2762-70.
[33]陈京都,何理,林忠成,等.不同生育期类型水稻对镉积累的研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2013,29(3):390-3.
[34] TREFRY J H, METZ S, TROCINE R P, et al. A decline in lead transport by the Mississippi river[J]. Science, 1985, 230(4724):439.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |