高原旅游城市旅游者食物消费特征及其影响因素——以拉萨市为例
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摘要
旅游业快速发展带来的异地消费,尤其是食物消费相比消费者惯常环境下的食物消费表现出明显的差异性与特殊性。本文针对旅游者的食物消费行为,以高原旅游城市拉萨市游客为对象,通过问卷调研获取旅游者在旅游期间、在家和平时在外食物消费的一手数据,对同一消费主体进行不同场景下食物消费的对比研究,并初步分析了影响旅游者食物消费行为差异的主要因素。研究结果表明:旅游者在外对粮食的消费减少,而对肉类、水果和酒水饮料的消费增加;在外和旅游期间食物浪费约为家庭食物浪费的1.7倍,旅游食物浪费比平时在外消费(非旅游)更为严重;旅游者旅游期间的食物消费支出明显高于家庭食物消费支出;不同群体间旅游和家庭食物消费变化差异显著,有宗教信仰的消费者在肉类和酒水饮料上消费变化更大;年龄、婚姻状况、旅游天数、就餐地点、就餐形式是影响旅游者食物消费差异的主要因素。研究结论可为旅游消费行为研究提供基础数据和参考,并为合理引导旅游消费可持续发展提供科学依据。
The away-from-home consumptions brought about by the rapid development of tourism,especially for food consumption, shows significant differences and particularities compared to household consumptions. Taking the tourism city Lhasa on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau as an example, this study examined the food consumption behavior and characteristics of tourists in the city. The comparative study of household food consumption and food-away-from-home consumption was carried out for the same consumers based on the first-hand data of tourists' food consumption during the tourism period, tourists' self-reported household food consumption, and tourists' food consumption away-from-home but non-tourism. The main factors that affected the differences of food consumption of these tourists were also analyzed. The results of the study show that:(1) Compared to household food consumption, the consumption of grains was reduced, while the consumption of meat, fruits and beverages increased during the tourism period.(2) The waste of food-away-from-home was about 1.7 times that of household food waste. Food waste of tourism is more serious than that of away-from-home but non-tourism.(3) The cost of food consumption during tourists' travel is significantly higher than the cost of household food consumption.(4)There is a significant difference in the changes between tourism food consumption and household food consumption among different groups, and consumers with religious beliefs have bigger changes in consumption of meat and drinks.(5) Age, marital status, number of days of travel, place of eating, and form of eating are the major factors affecting the differences in food consumption of tourists. These conclusions can provide basic data and research guidance for the study of consumer's food consumption in other places, provide a scientific basis and reference for rationally guiding tourism food consumption and reducing tourism food waste, and thus promote sustainable tourism consumption.
The away-from-home consumptions brought about by the rapid development of tourism,especially for food consumption, shows significant differences and particularities compared to household consumptions. Taking the tourism city Lhasa on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau as an example, this study examined the food consumption behavior and characteristics of tourists in the city. The comparative study of household food consumption and food-away-from-home consumption was carried out for the same consumers based on the first-hand data of tourists' food consumption during the tourism period, tourists' self-reported household food consumption, and tourists' food consumption away-from-home but non-tourism. The main factors that affected the differences of food consumption of these tourists were also analyzed. The results of the study show that:(1) Compared to household food consumption, the consumption of grains was reduced, while the consumption of meat, fruits and beverages increased during the tourism period.(2) The waste of food-away-from-home was about 1.7 times that of household food waste. Food waste of tourism is more serious than that of away-from-home but non-tourism.(3) The cost of food consumption during tourists' travel is significantly higher than the cost of household food consumption.(4)There is a significant difference in the changes between tourism food consumption and household food consumption among different groups, and consumers with religious beliefs have bigger changes in consumption of meat and drinks.(5) Age, marital status, number of days of travel, place of eating, and form of eating are the major factors affecting the differences in food consumption of tourists. These conclusions can provide basic data and research guidance for the study of consumer's food consumption in other places, provide a scientific basis and reference for rationally guiding tourism food consumption and reducing tourism food waste, and thus promote sustainable tourism consumption.
引文
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