基于DPSIR模型的广州市增城区水库生态安全评价
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摘要
水库水资源的优劣稀缺密切影响水库周边城镇发展,对水库生态安全进行评估调查,有重要的现实意义。以广州市增城区3个优良水质水库:增塘水库、百花林水库、石马龙水库为例,结合DPSIR模型与SEEC框架建立指标体系,综合层次分析法和熵权法计算指标权重,引入模糊综合评价法和综合指数法对水库生态安全指标值进行评估。结果表明:3个水库生态安全评估结果为石马龙水库优于百花林水库,增塘水库最劣。水库在生态健康和生态服务功能方案层中得分较低。模糊综合评价法与综合指数法对水库整体评价结果一致,对各方案层评价结果略有差异,前者存在有效性问题,在计算上也不及后者简单。
Water of the reservoir in quantity and quality affects the development of surrounding towns closely. It is of great significance to evaluate and investigate the reservoir ecological security. Taking three reservoirs, i. e. Zengtang Reservoir, Baihualin Reservoir and Shimalong Reservoir in Zengcheng District of Guangzhou as study cases, the index system was established by combining DPSIR model and SEEC framework, the index weights were calculated by AHP and entropy weight method, the index values were evaluated by the comprehensive index method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results show that the assessment result of ecological safety of Shimalong Reservoir was better than Baihualin Reservoir's, Zengtang Reservoir's was the worst. The reservoirs' scores were lower in the function of ecological health and ecological service layer compared with other layers. The assessment results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were consistent with that of the comprehensive index method, but was slightly different in each layer.Moreover, the former had the problem of validity and was not as simple as the latter in calculation.
Water of the reservoir in quantity and quality affects the development of surrounding towns closely. It is of great significance to evaluate and investigate the reservoir ecological security. Taking three reservoirs, i. e. Zengtang Reservoir, Baihualin Reservoir and Shimalong Reservoir in Zengcheng District of Guangzhou as study cases, the index system was established by combining DPSIR model and SEEC framework, the index weights were calculated by AHP and entropy weight method, the index values were evaluated by the comprehensive index method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results show that the assessment result of ecological safety of Shimalong Reservoir was better than Baihualin Reservoir's, Zengtang Reservoir's was the worst. The reservoirs' scores were lower in the function of ecological health and ecological service layer compared with other layers. The assessment results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were consistent with that of the comprehensive index method, but was slightly different in each layer.Moreover, the former had the problem of validity and was not as simple as the latter in calculation.
引文
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[3]张彭.联合国:用水模式导致水危机[J].环境与生活,2015(S1).
[4]肖笃宁,陈文波,郭福良.论生态安全的基本概念和研究内容[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(3):354-358.
[5]胡志新,胡维平,谷孝鸿,等.太湖湖泊生态系统健康评价[J].湖泊科学,2005,17(3):256-262.
[6]余波,黄成敏,陈林,等.基于熵权的巢湖水生态健康模糊综合评价[J].四川环境,2010,29(6):85-91.
[7]李景保,刘春平,王克林,等.湖南省大型水库服务功能的经济价值评估[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(2):163-166.
[8]闻常玲,王莉红,贺徐蜜,等.水库型饮用水水源地生态安全评价及应用[J].水资源保护,2008,24(3):91-94.
[9]李亚男.湖库生态安全综合评估---以浙江省六大重点水库为例[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
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[11]张远,高欣,林佳宁,等.流域水生态安全评估方法[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(10):1393-1399.
[12]SMEETS E,WETERINGS R.Environmental Indicators:Typology and Overview[R].European Environment Agency,1999.
[13]SAATY T L.The analytic hierarchy process:Planning,priority setting,resource Allocation[M].Mc Graw-Hill,NY,USA,1980.
[14]孟宪萌,束龙仓,卢耀如.基于熵权的改进DRASTIC模型在地下水脆弱性评价中的应用[J].水利学报,2007,38(1):94-99.
[15]刘大海,宫伟,邢文秀,等.基于AHP-熵权法的海岛海岸带脆弱性评价指标权重综合确定方法[J].海洋环境科学,2015,34(3):462-467.
[16]阮幸,曹国良,蒋琴,等.西安高新区大气环境质量综合评价及其防治对策[J].环境与可持续发展,2011,36(5):49-52.
[17]潘峰,付强,梁川.模糊综合评价在水环境质量综合评价中的应用研究[J].环境工程,2002,20(2):58-60.
[18]朱国宇,熊伟.模糊评价法与综合指数法在生态影响后评价中的应用比较研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2011,42(2):54-59.
[19]王静,董肖丽.模糊评价中最大隶属度原则的改进[J].河北水利,2011(2):27-28.
[20]陈广.基于DPSIR模型的三峡库区水生态安全评价[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015.
[21]广东省统计局.广东统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.
[22]广州市统计局.广州统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.
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