包被共轭亚油酸对山羊瘤胃氢化、肠道及乳脂肪酸的影响
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摘要
文章旨在评估日粮添加棕榈油酸钙和包被共轭亚油酸对瘤胃氢化和长链脂肪酸从十二指肠到乳转化的影响。试验将12只体重(61.9±8.57)kg处于泌乳期的多胎次萨能奶山羊随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复1只羊。两个试验组分别在基础日粮中补充50 g棕榈油酸钙和包被共轭亚油酸,试验共开展42 d。结果显示,两个试验组对山羊干物质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维、淀粉摄入量及养分在十二指肠流量和瘤胃表观消化率均无显著影响(P> 0.05)。与棕榈油酸钙组相比,包被共轭亚油酸组有降低干物质和中性洗涤纤维消化率的趋势(P=0.08),但处理组对淀粉消化率无显著影响(P> 0.05)。山羊饲喂棕榈油酸钙或包被共轭亚油酸日粮后,脂肪酸的十二指肠流量高于脂肪酸摄入量。包被共轭亚油酸增加了C18:2trans-10,cis-12和C18:2cis-9,trans-11的十二指肠流量,导致两种脂肪酸对瘤胃的氢化保护率均达到16%。C18:1cis-9、C18:2cis-9,12、C18:3cis-9,12,15的瘤胃生物氢化不受包被共轭亚油酸处理的影响(P> 0.05)。综上所述,与添加棕榈油钙相比,在奶山羊中饲喂不受瘤胃生物氢化包被共轭亚油酸对干物质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维、淀粉摄入量、十二指肠流量及瘤胃表观消化率无显著影响。包被共轭亚油酸增加了十二指肠的流量和C18:2trans-10,cis-12和C18:2cis-9,trans-11的比例,使瘤胃生物氢化保护率达到15%～16%。
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with calcium palmitoleate and encapsulated conjugated linoleic acid on rumen hydrogenation and transformation of long-chain fatty acids from duodenum to milk. Twelve whole sheep(61.9±8.57 kg)were randomly divided into two groups,each with 6 duplicates(1 sheep per duplicate). The two groups were supplemented with 50 g of calcium palmitoleate and encapsulated conjugated linoleic acid in the base diet,respectively,for a total of 42 days. The results showed that the intake of dry matter,organic matter,neutral washing fiber and starch,nutrient flow in duodenum and apparent digestibility in rumen had no significant effect in the two groups(P >0.05). Compared with calcium palmitoleate group,conjugated linoleic acid group showed a tendency to reduce digestibility of dry matter and neutral washing fiber(P=0.08),while dietary treatment had no significant effect on starch digestibility(P >0.05). The duodenal flow of fatty acid was higher than the intake of fatty acid when goats were fed calcium palmitoleate or conjugated linoleic acid diet. The encapsulated conjugated linoleic acid increased the duodenal flow of c18 :2 trans-10,cis-12 and c18 :2 cis-9,trans-11,resulting in the hydrogenation protection rate of both fatty acids to the rumen reaching 16%. The biohydrogenation of c18 :1 cis-9,c18 :2 cis-9,12 and c18 :3 cis-9,12 and 15 in the rumen was not affected by conjugated linoleic acid(P >0.05). In conclusion,compared with adding palm oil calcium,feeding in milk goats without rumen biohydrogenated coated conjugated linoleic acid had no significant effect on dry matter,organic matter,neutral washing fiber and starch intake,duodenal flow and rumen apparent digestibility. The enveloping conjugated linoleic acid increased the flow rate of duodenum and the proportion of c18 :2 trans-10,cis-12 and c18 :2 cis-9,trans-11,making the biological hydrogenation protection rate of rumen reach 15% ～ 16%.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with calcium palmitoleate and encapsulated conjugated linoleic acid on rumen hydrogenation and transformation of long-chain fatty acids from duodenum to milk. Twelve whole sheep(61.9±8.57 kg)were randomly divided into two groups,each with 6 duplicates(1 sheep per duplicate). The two groups were supplemented with 50 g of calcium palmitoleate and encapsulated conjugated linoleic acid in the base diet,respectively,for a total of 42 days. The results showed that the intake of dry matter,organic matter,neutral washing fiber and starch,nutrient flow in duodenum and apparent digestibility in rumen had no significant effect in the two groups(P >0.05). Compared with calcium palmitoleate group,conjugated linoleic acid group showed a tendency to reduce digestibility of dry matter and neutral washing fiber(P=0.08),while dietary treatment had no significant effect on starch digestibility(P >0.05). The duodenal flow of fatty acid was higher than the intake of fatty acid when goats were fed calcium palmitoleate or conjugated linoleic acid diet. The encapsulated conjugated linoleic acid increased the duodenal flow of c18 :2 trans-10,cis-12 and c18 :2 cis-9,trans-11,resulting in the hydrogenation protection rate of both fatty acids to the rumen reaching 16%. The biohydrogenation of c18 :1 cis-9,c18 :2 cis-9,12 and c18 :3 cis-9,12 and 15 in the rumen was not affected by conjugated linoleic acid(P >0.05). In conclusion,compared with adding palm oil calcium,feeding in milk goats without rumen biohydrogenated coated conjugated linoleic acid had no significant effect on dry matter,organic matter,neutral washing fiber and starch intake,duodenal flow and rumen apparent digestibility. The enveloping conjugated linoleic acid increased the flow rate of duodenum and the proportion of c18 :2 trans-10,cis-12 and c18 :2 cis-9,trans-11,making the biological hydrogenation protection rate of rumen reach 15% ～ 16%.
引文
[1]Brask M,Lund P,Weisbjerg M R et al.Methane production and digestion of different physical forms of rapeseed as fat supplements in dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2013,96:2356~2365.
[2]Duckett S,Andrae J,Owens F.Effect of high-oil corn or added corn oil on ruminal biohydrogenation of fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid formation in beef steers fed finishing diets[J].J Anim Sci,2002,80:3353~3360.
[3]Ghazal S,Berthelot V,Friggens N C et al.Influence of a supplement containing conjugated linoleic acid on dairy performance,milk fatty acid composition,and adipose tissue reactivity to lipolytic challenge in mid-lactation goats[J].J Dairy Sci,2012,95:7308~7318.
[4]Glasser F,Ferlay A,Doreau M et al.Longchain fatty acid metabolism in dairy cows:a meta-analysis of milk fatty acid yield in relation to duodenal flows and de novo synthesis[J].J Dairy Sci,2008,91:2771~2785.
[5]Jenkins T C,Bridges W C.Protection of fatty acids against ruminal biohydrogenation in cattle[J].Eur J Lipid Sci Technol,2007,109:778~789.
[6]Lourenco M,Ramos-Morales E,Wallace R J.The role of microbes in rumen lipolysis and biohydrogenation and their manipulation[J].Animal,2010,4:1008~1023.
[7]Maxin G,Glasser F,Rulquin H.Additive effects of trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid and propionic acid on milk fat content and composition in dairy cows[J].J Dairy Res,2010,77:295~301.
[8]Perfield J W,Saebo A,Bauman D E.Use of conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)enrichments to examine the effects of trans-8,cis-10CLA,and cis-11,trans-13 CLA on milk-fat synthesis[J].J Dairy Sci,2004,87:1196~1202.
[9]Schmidely P,Andrade P V.Milk composition during duodenal infusion of conjugated linoleic acid in dairy goats fed diets with different C18:2/c18:1 ratios[J].Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec,2011,63:1272~1276.
[10]Serment A.Dynamique et intensitéde biotransformation dans le rumen(Ph.D.Thesis),INRA.Agroparistech,317.
[11]Wynn R,Daniel Z,Flux C et al.Effect of feeding rumenprotected conjugated linoleic acid on carcass characteristics and fatty acid composition of sheep tissues[J].J Anim Sci,2006,84:3440~3450.
[2]Duckett S,Andrae J,Owens F.Effect of high-oil corn or added corn oil on ruminal biohydrogenation of fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid formation in beef steers fed finishing diets[J].J Anim Sci,2002,80:3353~3360.
[3]Ghazal S,Berthelot V,Friggens N C et al.Influence of a supplement containing conjugated linoleic acid on dairy performance,milk fatty acid composition,and adipose tissue reactivity to lipolytic challenge in mid-lactation goats[J].J Dairy Sci,2012,95:7308~7318.
[4]Glasser F,Ferlay A,Doreau M et al.Longchain fatty acid metabolism in dairy cows:a meta-analysis of milk fatty acid yield in relation to duodenal flows and de novo synthesis[J].J Dairy Sci,2008,91:2771~2785.
[5]Jenkins T C,Bridges W C.Protection of fatty acids against ruminal biohydrogenation in cattle[J].Eur J Lipid Sci Technol,2007,109:778~789.
[6]Lourenco M,Ramos-Morales E,Wallace R J.The role of microbes in rumen lipolysis and biohydrogenation and their manipulation[J].Animal,2010,4:1008~1023.
[7]Maxin G,Glasser F,Rulquin H.Additive effects of trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid and propionic acid on milk fat content and composition in dairy cows[J].J Dairy Res,2010,77:295~301.
[8]Perfield J W,Saebo A,Bauman D E.Use of conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)enrichments to examine the effects of trans-8,cis-10CLA,and cis-11,trans-13 CLA on milk-fat synthesis[J].J Dairy Sci,2004,87:1196~1202.
[9]Schmidely P,Andrade P V.Milk composition during duodenal infusion of conjugated linoleic acid in dairy goats fed diets with different C18:2/c18:1 ratios[J].Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec,2011,63:1272~1276.
[10]Serment A.Dynamique et intensitéde biotransformation dans le rumen(Ph.D.Thesis),INRA.Agroparistech,317.
[11]Wynn R,Daniel Z,Flux C et al.Effect of feeding rumenprotected conjugated linoleic acid on carcass characteristics and fatty acid composition of sheep tissues[J].J Anim Sci,2006,84:3440~3450.