垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地强化处理生活污水的研究
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摘要
比较了普通垂直流人工湿地、上升垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地和复合垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地处理生活污水的效果。结果表明,两种微电解耦合人工湿地的启动时间比普通垂直流人工湿地缩短近一半。3种人工湿地对氨氮的去除率无显著差异。对COD和总磷的去除率大小均表现为:复合垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地>上升垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地>普通垂直流人工湿地。3种人工湿地对COD和总磷的去除率随水力停留时间(HRT)的延长而升高。HRT为3d时,上升垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地和复合垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地的出水COD平均质量浓度分别为29.06、19.86mg/L,总磷分别为0.46、0.39mg/L,均达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)的一级A排放要求。由于复合垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地结构复杂、造价高,相比上升垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地对COD和总磷的去除率提高又不明显,故推荐使用上升垂直流微电解耦合人工湿地。
The effects of normal vertical flow constructed wetland,upflow vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland and composite vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland on domestic wastewater were compared.Results showed that the start-up time of the two micro-electrolysis constructed wetlands shortened about one half compared with that of normal vertical flow constructed wetland.All the 3constructed wetlands had little difference to remove ammonia nitrogen.However,for COD and TP,the removal rate showed composite vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland>upflow vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland>normal vertical flow constructed wetland.COD and TP removal rates of the 3constructed wetlands all increased with hydraulic retention time(HRT).When HRT was 3d,effluent mass concentrations of COD for upflow vertical flow microelectrolysis constructed wetland and composite vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland were 29.06and19.86mg/L,and that of TP were 0.46 and 0.39mg/L,meeting the class 1Aof"Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant"(GB 18918-2002).Since the composite vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland had more complex structure and needed more management,but contributed little to remove COD and TP,therefore,the upflow vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland was recommended.
The effects of normal vertical flow constructed wetland,upflow vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland and composite vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland on domestic wastewater were compared.Results showed that the start-up time of the two micro-electrolysis constructed wetlands shortened about one half compared with that of normal vertical flow constructed wetland.All the 3constructed wetlands had little difference to remove ammonia nitrogen.However,for COD and TP,the removal rate showed composite vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland>upflow vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland>normal vertical flow constructed wetland.COD and TP removal rates of the 3constructed wetlands all increased with hydraulic retention time(HRT).When HRT was 3d,effluent mass concentrations of COD for upflow vertical flow microelectrolysis constructed wetland and composite vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland were 29.06and19.86mg/L,and that of TP were 0.46 and 0.39mg/L,meeting the class 1Aof"Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant"(GB 18918-2002).Since the composite vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland had more complex structure and needed more management,but contributed little to remove COD and TP,therefore,the upflow vertical flow micro-electrolysis constructed wetland was recommended.
引文
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[2] WU L,QI T,LI D,et al.Current status,problems and control strategies of water resources pollution in China[J].Water Policy,2015,17(3):423-440.
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[4]郝晓地,张向萍,兰荔.美国分散式污水处理的历史、现状与未来[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(22):1-5.
[5]杨晓明.电解及微电解法对印染废水的处理研究[D].西安:长安大学,2016.
[6]贾雪雷,朱崇梅,张婉,等.微电解法去除生活污水中磷的试验研究[J].水处理技术,2013,39(10):31-34.
[7]孙广芳,宗小香,吕丽萍,等.冬季室温铁碳内电解质下4种水生植物及其组合的净化效果[J].湿地科学与管理,2017,13(3):40-44,65.
[8] HJ 828—2017,水质化学需氧量的测定重铬酸盐法[S].
[9] HJ 670—2013,水质磷酸盐和总磷的测定连续流动-钼酸铵分光光度法[S].
[10] HJ 535—2009,水质氨氮的测定纳氏试剂分光光度法[S].
[11]于昕,林庚.微电解—UASB组合工艺处理城市垃圾渗滤液[J].工业水处理,2011,31(3):30-32.
[12] LAI B,ZHOU Y,QIN H,et al.Pretreatment of wastewater from acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)resin manufacturing by microelectrolysis[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,179(3):1-7.
[13]常邦,胡伟武,李文奇,等.新型铁碳微电解填料去除农村生活污水中的磷[J].水处理技术,2017,43(5):48-51.
[14]赵菲菲,卫俊杰,陈金海,等.铁碳微电解在典型化工废水预处理中的应用[J].广东化工,2014,41(16):251-252.
[15]王亚娥,冯娟娟,李杰.不同Fe(Ⅲ)对活性污泥异化铁还原及除磷影响研究[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(6):993-998.
[16] WANG Y,LI J,FENG J,et al.Effects of Fe(Ⅲ)on dissimilatory ferric reduction,nitrogen and phosphorus removal in activated sludge process[J].Environmental Engineering&Management Journal,2013,12(7):1345-1352.