水力负荷对人工渗滤系统除氮效果的影响
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摘要
以山东半岛常见的河砂与棕壤作为滤层主要填充物质,并添加一定量能够改善滤层环境的外源物质构建人工渗滤系统;以海产养殖废水作为处理对象,比较了人工渗滤系统在不同水力负荷下的除氮效果。结果表明,在水力负荷为20cm~3·cm~(-2)·d~(-1)时,人工渗滤系统对总氮与氨氮的去除效果最好,去除率分别达到43.89%和86.09%,硝态氮及亚硝态氮的去除效果相对较差。
Using common river sand and brown soil in Shandong Peninsula as the main filling materials of filter layer,and adding a certain amount of exogenous materials which can improve the filter environment,we constructed the artificial infiltration system.Using the marine aquaculture wastewater as a treatment object,we compared the nitrogen removal efficiency of the artificial infiltration system at different hydraulic loading rates.The results show that when the hydraulic loading rate is 20 cm~3·cm~(-2)·d~(-1),the removal rates of total nitrogen(TN)and ammonia nitrogen(NH_3-N)will reach 43.89% and 86.09%,respectively,and the removal efficiency of nitrate nitrogen(NO_3-N)and nitrite nitrogen(NO_2-N)is relatively poor.
Using common river sand and brown soil in Shandong Peninsula as the main filling materials of filter layer,and adding a certain amount of exogenous materials which can improve the filter environment,we constructed the artificial infiltration system.Using the marine aquaculture wastewater as a treatment object,we compared the nitrogen removal efficiency of the artificial infiltration system at different hydraulic loading rates.The results show that when the hydraulic loading rate is 20 cm~3·cm~(-2)·d~(-1),the removal rates of total nitrogen(TN)and ammonia nitrogen(NH_3-N)will reach 43.89% and 86.09%,respectively,and the removal efficiency of nitrate nitrogen(NO_3-N)and nitrite nitrogen(NO_2-N)is relatively poor.
引文
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[2] FAO R F.The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2014[J].Opportunities &Challenges,2014,4(1):40-41.
[3] THOMAS Y,COURTIES C,EL-HELWE Y E,et al.Spatial and temporal extension of eutrophication associated with shrimp farm wastewater discharges in the New Caledonia lagoon[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2010,61(7/8/9/10/11/12):387-398.
[4] MURPHY A E,ANDERSON I C,SMYTH A R,et al.Microbial nitrogen processing in hard clam(Mercenaria mercenaria)aquaculture sediments:the relative importance of denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium(DNRA)[J].Limnology &Oceanography,2016,61(5):1589-1604.
[5] ALGAR C K,VALLINO J.Predicting microbial nitrate reduction pathways in coastal sediments[J].Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2014,71(3):223-238.
[6] PETERSEN J K,HASLER B,TIMMERMANN K,et al.Mussels as a tool for mitigation of nutrients in the marine environment[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2014,82(1/2):137-143.
[7] LIN Y F,JING S R,LEE D Y,et al.Performance of a constructed wetland treating intensive shrimp aquaculture wastewater under high hydraulic loading rate[J].Environmental Pollution,2005,134(3):411-421.
[8] BOOPATHY R,BONVILLAIN C,FONTENOT Q,et al.Biological treatment of low-salinity shrimp aquaculture wastewater using sequencing batch reactor[J].International Biodeterioration &Biodegradation,2007,59(1):16-19.
[9] MATOS C T,SEQUEIRA A M,VELIZAROV S,et al.Nitrate removal in a closed marine system through the ion exchange membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,166(1):428-434.
[10] VYMAZAL J.Removal of nutrients in various types of constructed wetlands[J].Science of the Total Environment,2007,380(1/2/3):48-65.
[11] KEARRNEY M A,ZHU W X,GRANEY J.Inorganic nitrogen dynamics in an urban constructed wetland under base-flow and storm-flow conditions[J].Ecological Engineering,2013,60:183-191.
[12] SZKLAREK S,WAGNER I,JURCZAK T,et al.Sequential sedimentation-biofiltration system for the purification of a small urban river(the Sokolowka,Lodz)supplied by stormwater[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2018,205:201-208.
[13] ZALEWSKI M.Ecohydrology,biotechnology and engineering for cost efficiency in reaching the sustainability of biogeosphere[J].Ecohydrology &Hydrobiology,2014,14(1):14-20.
[14] BOUWER H.Recharge of Waste Water with Rapid Infiltration Land Treatment System[M].Boston:Butterworth,1985:249-282.
[15] 赵增霞,王芳,刘群,等.胶州湾东北部养殖海区环境质量状况及分析[J].海洋科学,2010,34(3):6-10.ZHAO Z X,WANG F,LIU Q,et al.Evaluation of environment quality in the northeast mariculture zone in Jiaozhou Bay[J].Marine Sciences,2010,34(3):6-10.
[16] 郝建华,霍文毅,俞志明.胶州湾增养殖海域营养状况与赤潮形成的初步研究[J].海洋科学,2000,24(4):37-40.HAO J H,HUO W Y,YU Z M.Preliminary study on red tide occurrence in relation to nutritional condition in aquaculture seawater of Jiaozhou Bay[J].Marine Sciences,2000,24(4):37-40.
[17] 吴湘,王友慧,郭建林,等.3类水生植物对池塘养殖废水氮磷去除效果的研究[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(9):1876-1881.WU X,WANG Y H,GUO J L,et al.N and P removal from pond effluent with three hydrophytes[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2010,30(9):1876-1881.
[18] SONG X S,LIN Q,YAN D H.Nutrient removal by hybrid subsurface flow constructed wetlands for high concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2010,2:1461-1468.
[19] AKRATOS C S,PAPASPYROS J N E,TSIHRINTZIS V A T.Total nitrogen and ammonia removal prediction in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands:use of artificial neural networks and development of a design equation[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(2):586-596.