基于化感效应的米槁-绿壳砂林药间作系统可行性评价
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摘要
为实现对土地资源的合理利用,降低田间管理成本,从化感角度出发,对构建米槁-绿壳砂林药间作系统的可行性进行评价,为米槁林下作物套种提供理论支撑。本研究设置不同浓度的米槁果皮与叶片水浸提液处理绿壳砂种子和幼苗,观察其对绿壳砂的化感影响。结果表明:果皮与叶片高浓度水浸提液对绿壳砂种子有显著抑制作用(50 mg·m L~(-1)),绿壳砂的总生物量与苗高随着米槁果皮与叶片水浸提液浓度的增加,总体呈现出低促高抑的现象;米槁果皮水浸提液处理下,可溶性蛋白含量、游离脯氨酸含量、MDA含量显著下降,可溶性糖含量、土壤多酚氧化酶活性、脲酶活性显著上升;米槁叶片水浸提液处理下,MDA含量、SOD活性、脲酶活性显著上升,游离脯氨酸含量显著下降;采用GC-MS法从米槁果皮和叶片鉴定出92个化合物,其中7个与米槁的化感作用关系密切;米槁果皮与叶片对绿壳砂幼苗存在一定化感作用,但化感作用最强部位(果皮)不会在林下大量堆积;在米槁田间管理中及时清理米槁林下落果、落叶等凋落物,在米槁林下套种绿壳砂时采取幼苗移栽法,构建米槁-绿壳林药间作经营体系具有一定现实可行性。
To realize the rational utilization of land resources and reduce cost of field management,the feasibility of a Cinnamomum migao and Aomum villosumt intercropping system was evaluated from the perspective of allelopathy,which would provide theoretical support for intercropping under C. migao plantations. In this study,seeds and seedlings of A. villosumt were treated by different concentrations of aqueous extracts of pericarps and leaves from C. migao to assess the allelopathic effects on A. villosumt. The results showed that pericarp and leaf aqueous extracts of C. migao at high concentration( 50 mg·m L~(-1)) had significant inhibitory effects on the A. villosumt seeds. The total biomass and seedling height of A. villosumt were promoted by low concentration but were inhibited by high concentration of aqueous extracts of pericarp and leaves of C.migao. At the treatment of pericarp aqueous extract,soluble protein,free proline and MDA contents decreased,while soluble sugar content,soil polyphenol oxidase activity,and urease activity increased. At the treatment of leaf aqueous extract,MDA content,SOD activity and urease activity increased,while free proline content decreased. In total,92 compounds identified by GC-MS were from the pericarps and leaves of C. migao,seven compounds out of which are closely related to the allelopathy of C. migao. Although both pericarp and leaf of C. migao had allelopathic effects on A. villosumt seedlings,but the most allelopathic parts( pericarp) would not accumulate in large quantity in the forest floor. It is feasible to construct the intercropping system of C. migao-A. villosumt by timely cleaning up fruit and leaf litter of C. migao and interplanting A. villosumt in the understorey.
To realize the rational utilization of land resources and reduce cost of field management,the feasibility of a Cinnamomum migao and Aomum villosumt intercropping system was evaluated from the perspective of allelopathy,which would provide theoretical support for intercropping under C. migao plantations. In this study,seeds and seedlings of A. villosumt were treated by different concentrations of aqueous extracts of pericarps and leaves from C. migao to assess the allelopathic effects on A. villosumt. The results showed that pericarp and leaf aqueous extracts of C. migao at high concentration( 50 mg·m L~(-1)) had significant inhibitory effects on the A. villosumt seeds. The total biomass and seedling height of A. villosumt were promoted by low concentration but were inhibited by high concentration of aqueous extracts of pericarp and leaves of C.migao. At the treatment of pericarp aqueous extract,soluble protein,free proline and MDA contents decreased,while soluble sugar content,soil polyphenol oxidase activity,and urease activity increased. At the treatment of leaf aqueous extract,MDA content,SOD activity and urease activity increased,while free proline content decreased. In total,92 compounds identified by GC-MS were from the pericarps and leaves of C. migao,seven compounds out of which are closely related to the allelopathy of C. migao. Although both pericarp and leaf of C. migao had allelopathic effects on A. villosumt seedlings,but the most allelopathic parts( pericarp) would not accumulate in large quantity in the forest floor. It is feasible to construct the intercropping system of C. migao-A. villosumt by timely cleaning up fruit and leaf litter of C. migao and interplanting A. villosumt in the understorey.
引文
耿广东,张素勤,程智慧.2009.不同化感物质对番茄根系吸收矿质元素的影响.中国蔬菜,(4):48-51.
郭伟,孙海燕,王炎.2017.N-苯基-2-萘胺和邻苯二甲酸对生菜抗氧化系统及矿质养分吸收的影响.植物生理学报,(1):74-81.
郭兰萍,黄璐琦,蒋有绪,等.2006.苍术根茎及根际土水提物生物活性研究及化感物质的鉴定.生态学报,26(2):528-535.
韩新忠,朱利群,杨敏芳,等.2007.不同小麦秸秆还田量对水稻生长、土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的影响.农业环境科学学报,(11):2192-2199.
和文祥,李天伦,田霄鸿,等.2015.基于土壤酶的酚酸类化感物质效应研究.西北农业学报,24(6):147-154.
黄璐琦,郭兰萍.2007.中药资源生态学研究.上海:上海科学技术出版社.
黄璐琦.2009.中药资源生态学.上海:上海科学技术出版社.
焦晓林,毕晓宝,高微微,等.2015.p-香豆酸对西洋参的化感作用及生理机制.生态学报,35(9):3006-3013.
孔垂华,胡飞,王朋.2016.植物化感(相生相克)作用.北京:高等教育出版社.
雷丽,郭巧生,王长林,等.2018.复合种植对丹参根际土壤理化性质与土壤酶活性的影响.中国中药杂志,43(12):2480-2488.
李光,白文斌,任爱霞.2017.高粱不同连作年限对其根系分泌物组成和化感物质含量的影响.生态学杂志,36(12):3535-3544.
李丽杰,顾万荣,李从锋,等.2016.DCPTA对低温下玉米叶片抗氧化系统及渗透调节物质的影响.植物生理学报,(12):1829-1841.
李天祥,王静康.2003.超临界CO2萃取大果木姜子精油的研究.中药材,26(3):178-180.
刘苹,赵海军,仲子文,等.2013.三种根系分泌脂肪酸对花生生长和土壤酶活性的影响.生态学报,33(11):3332-3339.
谭周进,李倩,陈冬林,等.2006.稻草还田对晚稻土微生物及酶活性的影响.生态学报,26(10):3385-3392.
王继永,王文全,刘勇.2003.林药间作系统中药用植物光合生理适应性规律研究.林业科学研究,16(2):129-134.
王明道,陈红歌,刘新育,等.200.地黄对芝麻的化感作用及其化感物质的分离鉴定.植物生态学报,33(6):1191-1198.
杨延杰,王晓伟,赵康,等.2013.邻苯二甲酸对萝卜种子萌发、幼苗叶片膜脂过氧化及渗透调节物质的影响.生态学报,33(19):6074-6080.
张雪,李强,余宏军,等.2016.氮胁迫对黄瓜幼苗抗氧化酶系统的影响.农业工程学报,32(s2):142-147.
张爱华,郜玉钢,许永华,等.2011.我国药用植物化感作用研究进展.中草药,42(10):1885-1890.
张保青,杨丽涛,李杨瑞.2011.自然条件下甘蔗品种抗寒生理生化特性的比较.作物学报,37(3):496-505.
张翠平,王艳慧,袁小环,等.2012.钼酸钠对低温胁迫下狼尾草渗透调节物质和膜稳定性的影响.草业科学,29(8):1245-1249.
张恩平,张文博,张淑红,等.2010.苯甲酸和肉桂酸对番茄幼苗根部保护酶及膜质过氧化的影响.西北农业学报,19(1):190-196.
张晓琳,付英姿,褚培肖.2015.杰卡德相似系数在推荐系统中的应用.计算机技术与发展,(4):158-161.
周涛,杨占南,江维克,等.2010.民族药大果木姜子果实挥发油成分的变异及其规律.中国中药杂志,35(7):852.
周艳丽,王艳,李金,等.2011.大蒜根系分泌物的化感作用.应用生态学报,22(5):1368-1372.
朱慧,马瑞君,陈树思,等.2007.高寒草场主要牧草对黄帚橐吾水浸液化感胁迫的生理响应.草业学报,16(5):102-106.
邹琦.2000.植物生理学实验指导.北京:中国农业出版社
Bais HP,Vepachedu R,Gilroy S,et al.2003.Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion:From molecules and genes to species interactions.Science,301:1377-1380.
Brito TO,Souza AX,Mota YCC,et al.2015.Design,syntheses and evaluation of benzoylthioureas as urease inhibitors of agricultural interest.Journal of the royal society of chemistry,5:44507-44515.
Chinese Botanical Flora Editorial Committee.2010.Flora of China.Beijing:Science Publishing House,Missouri Botanical Garden Publishing House.
Ding J,Sun Y,Xiao CL,et al.2007.Physiological basis of different allelopathic reactions of cucumber and figleaf gourd plants to cinnamic acid.Journal of Experimental Botany,58:3765-3773.
El Ayeb-Zakhama A,Sakka-Rouis L,Bergaoui A,et al.2016.Chemical composition and allelopathic potential of essential oils from Tipuana tipu(Benth.)Kuntze cultivated in Tunisia.Chemistry&Biodiversity,13:309-318.
Fan D,Fan K,Zhang D,et al.2016.Impact of fertilization on soil polyphenol dynamics and carbon accumulation in a tea plantation,Southern China.Journal of Soils&Sediments,17:1-10.
Jiang Z,Peiyong G,Chang C,et al.2014.Effects of allelochemicals from Ficus microcarpa on Chlorella pyrenoidosa.Brazilian Archives of Biology&Technology,57:595-605.
Kalinova J,Vrchotova N,Triska J.2007.Exudation of allelopathic substances in buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench).Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,55:6453.
Lin WX,Kim KU,Shin DH.2000.Rice allelopathic potential and its modes of action on Barnyard grass(Echinochloa crusgalli).Allelopathy Journal,7:215-224.
Modolo LV,de Souza AX,Horta LP,et al.2015.An overview on the potential of natural products as ureases inhibitors:Areview.Journal of Advanced Research,6:35-44.
Nathan C,Ding A.2010.Reactive oxygen intermediates(ROI).Cell,140:951.
Song Y,Song S.2016.Identification and allelochemical ecological toxicity of ginseng decomposition products.Bangladesh Journal of Botany,45:835-843.
Tabatabai MA,Dick WA,Burns RG,et al.2002.Enzymes in soil:Research and developments in measuring activities.Iowa:Iowa State University Press:567-596.
Yakushev AV,Kuznetsova IN,Blagodatskaya EV,et al.2014.Temperature dependence of the activity of polyphenol peroxidases and polyphenol oxidases in modern and buried soils.Eurasian Soil Science,47:459-465.
Yu JQ,Matsui Y.1994.Phytotoxic substances in root exudates of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.).Journal of Chemical Ecology,20:21-31.
Zeng RS,Luo SM,Shi YH,et al.2001.Physiological and biochemical mechanism of allelopathy of secalonic acid F on higher plants.Agronomy Journal,93:72-79.
Zhang FJ,Guo JY,Liu WX,et al.2012.Influence of coastal plain yellowtops(Flaveria bidentis)residues on growth of cotton seedlings and soil fertility.Archives of Agronomy&Soil Science,58:1117-1128.
Zhang KM,Shen Y,Fang YM,et al.2016.Changes in gametophyte physiology of Pteris multifida induced by the leaf leachate treatment of the invasive Bidens pilosa.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,23:1-8.
Zhang R,Zhang W,Zuo Z,et al.2014.Inhibition effects of volatile organic compounds from Artemisia frigida Willd.on the pasture grass intake by lambs.Small Ruminant Research,121:248.
Zuo S,Li X,Ma Y,et al.2014.Soil microbes are linked to the allelopathic potential of different wheat genotypes.Plant and Soil,378:49-58.
郭伟,孙海燕,王炎.2017.N-苯基-2-萘胺和邻苯二甲酸对生菜抗氧化系统及矿质养分吸收的影响.植物生理学报,(1):74-81.
郭兰萍,黄璐琦,蒋有绪,等.2006.苍术根茎及根际土水提物生物活性研究及化感物质的鉴定.生态学报,26(2):528-535.
韩新忠,朱利群,杨敏芳,等.2007.不同小麦秸秆还田量对水稻生长、土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的影响.农业环境科学学报,(11):2192-2199.
和文祥,李天伦,田霄鸿,等.2015.基于土壤酶的酚酸类化感物质效应研究.西北农业学报,24(6):147-154.
黄璐琦,郭兰萍.2007.中药资源生态学研究.上海:上海科学技术出版社.
黄璐琦.2009.中药资源生态学.上海:上海科学技术出版社.
焦晓林,毕晓宝,高微微,等.2015.p-香豆酸对西洋参的化感作用及生理机制.生态学报,35(9):3006-3013.
孔垂华,胡飞,王朋.2016.植物化感(相生相克)作用.北京:高等教育出版社.
雷丽,郭巧生,王长林,等.2018.复合种植对丹参根际土壤理化性质与土壤酶活性的影响.中国中药杂志,43(12):2480-2488.
李光,白文斌,任爱霞.2017.高粱不同连作年限对其根系分泌物组成和化感物质含量的影响.生态学杂志,36(12):3535-3544.
李丽杰,顾万荣,李从锋,等.2016.DCPTA对低温下玉米叶片抗氧化系统及渗透调节物质的影响.植物生理学报,(12):1829-1841.
李天祥,王静康.2003.超临界CO2萃取大果木姜子精油的研究.中药材,26(3):178-180.
刘苹,赵海军,仲子文,等.2013.三种根系分泌脂肪酸对花生生长和土壤酶活性的影响.生态学报,33(11):3332-3339.
谭周进,李倩,陈冬林,等.2006.稻草还田对晚稻土微生物及酶活性的影响.生态学报,26(10):3385-3392.
王继永,王文全,刘勇.2003.林药间作系统中药用植物光合生理适应性规律研究.林业科学研究,16(2):129-134.
王明道,陈红歌,刘新育,等.200.地黄对芝麻的化感作用及其化感物质的分离鉴定.植物生态学报,33(6):1191-1198.
杨延杰,王晓伟,赵康,等.2013.邻苯二甲酸对萝卜种子萌发、幼苗叶片膜脂过氧化及渗透调节物质的影响.生态学报,33(19):6074-6080.
张雪,李强,余宏军,等.2016.氮胁迫对黄瓜幼苗抗氧化酶系统的影响.农业工程学报,32(s2):142-147.
张爱华,郜玉钢,许永华,等.2011.我国药用植物化感作用研究进展.中草药,42(10):1885-1890.
张保青,杨丽涛,李杨瑞.2011.自然条件下甘蔗品种抗寒生理生化特性的比较.作物学报,37(3):496-505.
张翠平,王艳慧,袁小环,等.2012.钼酸钠对低温胁迫下狼尾草渗透调节物质和膜稳定性的影响.草业科学,29(8):1245-1249.
张恩平,张文博,张淑红,等.2010.苯甲酸和肉桂酸对番茄幼苗根部保护酶及膜质过氧化的影响.西北农业学报,19(1):190-196.
张晓琳,付英姿,褚培肖.2015.杰卡德相似系数在推荐系统中的应用.计算机技术与发展,(4):158-161.
周涛,杨占南,江维克,等.2010.民族药大果木姜子果实挥发油成分的变异及其规律.中国中药杂志,35(7):852.
周艳丽,王艳,李金,等.2011.大蒜根系分泌物的化感作用.应用生态学报,22(5):1368-1372.
朱慧,马瑞君,陈树思,等.2007.高寒草场主要牧草对黄帚橐吾水浸液化感胁迫的生理响应.草业学报,16(5):102-106.
邹琦.2000.植物生理学实验指导.北京:中国农业出版社
Bais HP,Vepachedu R,Gilroy S,et al.2003.Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion:From molecules and genes to species interactions.Science,301:1377-1380.
Brito TO,Souza AX,Mota YCC,et al.2015.Design,syntheses and evaluation of benzoylthioureas as urease inhibitors of agricultural interest.Journal of the royal society of chemistry,5:44507-44515.
Chinese Botanical Flora Editorial Committee.2010.Flora of China.Beijing:Science Publishing House,Missouri Botanical Garden Publishing House.
Ding J,Sun Y,Xiao CL,et al.2007.Physiological basis of different allelopathic reactions of cucumber and figleaf gourd plants to cinnamic acid.Journal of Experimental Botany,58:3765-3773.
El Ayeb-Zakhama A,Sakka-Rouis L,Bergaoui A,et al.2016.Chemical composition and allelopathic potential of essential oils from Tipuana tipu(Benth.)Kuntze cultivated in Tunisia.Chemistry&Biodiversity,13:309-318.
Fan D,Fan K,Zhang D,et al.2016.Impact of fertilization on soil polyphenol dynamics and carbon accumulation in a tea plantation,Southern China.Journal of Soils&Sediments,17:1-10.
Jiang Z,Peiyong G,Chang C,et al.2014.Effects of allelochemicals from Ficus microcarpa on Chlorella pyrenoidosa.Brazilian Archives of Biology&Technology,57:595-605.
Kalinova J,Vrchotova N,Triska J.2007.Exudation of allelopathic substances in buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench).Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,55:6453.
Lin WX,Kim KU,Shin DH.2000.Rice allelopathic potential and its modes of action on Barnyard grass(Echinochloa crusgalli).Allelopathy Journal,7:215-224.
Modolo LV,de Souza AX,Horta LP,et al.2015.An overview on the potential of natural products as ureases inhibitors:Areview.Journal of Advanced Research,6:35-44.
Nathan C,Ding A.2010.Reactive oxygen intermediates(ROI).Cell,140:951.
Song Y,Song S.2016.Identification and allelochemical ecological toxicity of ginseng decomposition products.Bangladesh Journal of Botany,45:835-843.
Tabatabai MA,Dick WA,Burns RG,et al.2002.Enzymes in soil:Research and developments in measuring activities.Iowa:Iowa State University Press:567-596.
Yakushev AV,Kuznetsova IN,Blagodatskaya EV,et al.2014.Temperature dependence of the activity of polyphenol peroxidases and polyphenol oxidases in modern and buried soils.Eurasian Soil Science,47:459-465.
Yu JQ,Matsui Y.1994.Phytotoxic substances in root exudates of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.).Journal of Chemical Ecology,20:21-31.
Zeng RS,Luo SM,Shi YH,et al.2001.Physiological and biochemical mechanism of allelopathy of secalonic acid F on higher plants.Agronomy Journal,93:72-79.
Zhang FJ,Guo JY,Liu WX,et al.2012.Influence of coastal plain yellowtops(Flaveria bidentis)residues on growth of cotton seedlings and soil fertility.Archives of Agronomy&Soil Science,58:1117-1128.
Zhang KM,Shen Y,Fang YM,et al.2016.Changes in gametophyte physiology of Pteris multifida induced by the leaf leachate treatment of the invasive Bidens pilosa.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,23:1-8.
Zhang R,Zhang W,Zuo Z,et al.2014.Inhibition effects of volatile organic compounds from Artemisia frigida Willd.on the pasture grass intake by lambs.Small Ruminant Research,121:248.
Zuo S,Li X,Ma Y,et al.2014.Soil microbes are linked to the allelopathic potential of different wheat genotypes.Plant and Soil,378:49-58.
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