石佛寺人工湿地不同营养特征淤积物对水生植物生长的影响
|
摘要
为研究淤积物营养特征对不同生长时期内水生植物生物量的影响,在石佛寺水库人工湿地采集对比了芦苇(Phragmites communis)和蒲草(Typha angustifolia)两种不同水生植物区域内的淤积物和生物植株,研究了不同营养特征淤积物对水生植物生物量的影响。结果表明:淤积物内营养特征与各时期内水生植物的生物量具有一定的相关关系。生长初期,芦苇和蒲草的生物量与淤积物中氮元素(N)和磷元素(P)呈负相关,其中与TP含量的相关性达到显著水平(p<0.05),即较高的淤积物中营养元素含量会对水生植物的生长产生抑制作用;随着水生植物的进一步生长,这种抑制作用逐渐变小,并逐渐转变为促进作用,淤积物中营养元素含量与水生植物生物量的相关关系由负相关转为正相关;水生植物进入成熟期后,芦苇和蒲草的生物量达到最大值,淤积物内TN及TP含量均与水生植物的生物量呈显著正相关关系;之后随水生植物死亡腐解,这种关系逐渐消失。淤积物营养水平会对水生植物生长产生影响,主要表现在生物量的累积上。不同水生植物生长所受影响有所差异,蒲草的生物量与淤积物中营养元素含量的相关性更高。
The effects of the nutrient characteristics of the sediments on the biomass of aquatic plants in different growth periods were studied by collecting sediments and biological plants in the different wetland areas with the growth of non-reed and the bulrush in the constructed wetland of Shifosi Reservoir, and the effects of sediments with different nutrient characteristics on aquatic plant biomass were compared. The results showed that the nutrient characteristics of the sediments had a certain correlation with the biomass of aquatic plants in each period, in the early growth stage, the biomass of the reeds and the grasses was negatively correlated with the nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediments, the correlation of biomass with TP content reach the significant level(p<0.05), indicating that the higher nutrient content in the sludge inhibited the growth of aquatic plants; with the further growth of aquatic plants, the inhibition effect gradually became weaker, and gradually transformed into the promoting effect, the correlation between nutrient content and aquatic plant biomass in the sediment changed from negative correlation to positive correlation; after the aquatic plants entered maturity, the biomass of reed and raupo reached the maximum, and the contents of TN and TP in the sediments were significantly positively correlated with the biomass of aquatic plants; this relationship gradually disappeared with the process of the aquatic plant exsciccation. The nutrient level of sediment affects the growth of aquatic plants, mainly affects the accumulation of biomass. The growth of different aquatic plants is affected differently, and the biomass of the grass is highly correlated with the nutrient content in the sediment.
The effects of the nutrient characteristics of the sediments on the biomass of aquatic plants in different growth periods were studied by collecting sediments and biological plants in the different wetland areas with the growth of non-reed and the bulrush in the constructed wetland of Shifosi Reservoir, and the effects of sediments with different nutrient characteristics on aquatic plant biomass were compared. The results showed that the nutrient characteristics of the sediments had a certain correlation with the biomass of aquatic plants in each period, in the early growth stage, the biomass of the reeds and the grasses was negatively correlated with the nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediments, the correlation of biomass with TP content reach the significant level(p<0.05), indicating that the higher nutrient content in the sludge inhibited the growth of aquatic plants; with the further growth of aquatic plants, the inhibition effect gradually became weaker, and gradually transformed into the promoting effect, the correlation between nutrient content and aquatic plant biomass in the sediment changed from negative correlation to positive correlation; after the aquatic plants entered maturity, the biomass of reed and raupo reached the maximum, and the contents of TN and TP in the sediments were significantly positively correlated with the biomass of aquatic plants; this relationship gradually disappeared with the process of the aquatic plant exsciccation. The nutrient level of sediment affects the growth of aquatic plants, mainly affects the accumulation of biomass. The growth of different aquatic plants is affected differently, and the biomass of the grass is highly correlated with the nutrient content in the sediment.
引文
[1] 秦伯强,张运林,高光,等.湖泊生态恢复的关键因子分析[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(7):918-924.
[2] 徐德兰,雷泽湘,刘正文,等.太湖水生植物氮磷与湖水和沉积物氮磷含量的关系[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):402-407.
[3] 潘义宏,王宏镔,谷兆萍,等.大型水生植物对重金属的富集与转移[J].生态学报,2010,30(23):6430-6441.
[4] 王佩,卢少勇,王殿武,等.太湖湖滨带底泥氮、磷、有机质分布与污染评价[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(4):703-709.
[5] Radovic T T,Grujic S D,Kovacevic S R,et al.Sorption of selected pharmaceuticals and pesticides on different river sediments[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(24):25232-25244.
[6] Raun A L,Borum J,Sand-Jensen K.Influence of sediment organic enrichment and water alkalinity on growth of aquatic isoetid and elodeid plants[J].Freshwater Biology,2010,55(9):1891-1904.
[7] 冯彬,何云核,赵爽,等.香蒲不同部位水浸提液对4种水生植物种子的化感作用[J].浙江农林大学学报,2017,34(3):427-436.
[8] 姜瑞芳,刘艳红.光照对珙桐幼苗光合与生长特性的影响[J].生态科学,2017,36(5):114-120.
[9] 杨梅娇.不同光照强度对一年生油樟苗生长的影响[J].浙江林业科技,2006,26(3):41-43.
[10] 陆含.土壤—蔬菜系统中水、光照和氮素的互作效应与生理机制[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.
[11] 王苗.不同环境条件对水生植物降解速率和营养释放的影响[D].武汉:湖北大学,2016.
[12] 闫志强,刘黾,吴小业,等.温度对5种沉水植物生长和营养去除效果的影响[J].生态科学,2014,33(5):839-844.
[2] 徐德兰,雷泽湘,刘正文,等.太湖水生植物氮磷与湖水和沉积物氮磷含量的关系[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):402-407.
[3] 潘义宏,王宏镔,谷兆萍,等.大型水生植物对重金属的富集与转移[J].生态学报,2010,30(23):6430-6441.
[4] 王佩,卢少勇,王殿武,等.太湖湖滨带底泥氮、磷、有机质分布与污染评价[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(4):703-709.
[5] Radovic T T,Grujic S D,Kovacevic S R,et al.Sorption of selected pharmaceuticals and pesticides on different river sediments[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(24):25232-25244.
[6] Raun A L,Borum J,Sand-Jensen K.Influence of sediment organic enrichment and water alkalinity on growth of aquatic isoetid and elodeid plants[J].Freshwater Biology,2010,55(9):1891-1904.
[7] 冯彬,何云核,赵爽,等.香蒲不同部位水浸提液对4种水生植物种子的化感作用[J].浙江农林大学学报,2017,34(3):427-436.
[8] 姜瑞芳,刘艳红.光照对珙桐幼苗光合与生长特性的影响[J].生态科学,2017,36(5):114-120.
[9] 杨梅娇.不同光照强度对一年生油樟苗生长的影响[J].浙江林业科技,2006,26(3):41-43.
[10] 陆含.土壤—蔬菜系统中水、光照和氮素的互作效应与生理机制[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.
[11] 王苗.不同环境条件对水生植物降解速率和营养释放的影响[D].武汉:湖北大学,2016.
[12] 闫志强,刘黾,吴小业,等.温度对5种沉水植物生长和营养去除效果的影响[J].生态科学,2014,33(5):839-844.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |