融合时序InSAR与GPS的龙首矿露天矿坑三维变形规律研究
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摘要
金川龙首矿露天矿坑经历了露天开采和地下开采两种开采活动的影响,地表岩体变形破坏严重。融合时序InSAR数据与GPS数据,对该矿露天坑三维变形规律进行了研究。首先,基于小基线集技术(SABS-InSAR),利用10景ALOS(PALSAR)影像,采用赫尔默特方差算法建立了SAR数据与GPS数据的融合模型,获得了2009—2011年的三维变形数据;然后利用37景Sentinel数据,并引入基于先验知识的间接求解方法来提高SN向精度,从而获得2015—2016年三维变形数据。研究表明:2009—2011年矿坑EW向变形量达到-219.205～232.965 mm/a,SN向变形量达到-158.566～110.177 mm/a,垂向变形量达到-317.132～82.58 mm/a;2015—2016年矿坑EW向变形量达到-295.511～100.374 mm/a,SN向变形量为-41.429～194.373 mm/a,垂向变形量达到-427.585～64.435 mm/a。通过对比两个时序的形变量得知:矿坑年均变形量有减小趋势,但变形趋势并未有明显变化,仍表现为矿坑上下盘各形成了一个沉降区,在坑底形成一个抬升区。分析结果对于矿坑后续变形监测和稳定性控制有一定的借鉴价值。
Due to effects of two mining activities of open mining and underground mining,serious surface deformation occurred in Jinchuan Longshou open-pit mine.The 3D deformation regularity of the open pit of Longshou Mine is studied based on time series InSAR data and GPS monitoring data.Firstly,based on SABS-InSAR technique,with data of 10 image ALOS(PALSAR),the integrated model of SAR monitoring data with GPS was established by the Helmert variance algorithm to obtain 3D deformation data from 2009 to 2011;then,by using of 37 image Sentinel data,an indirect solution based on prior knowledge to improve the north-south accuracy was introduced to obtain the 3D deformation data from 2015 to 2016.The monitoring results show that from 2009 to 2011,the east-west deformation of the open pit of reached-219.205～232.965 mm/a,the north-south deformation reached-158.566～110.177 mm/a,and the vertical deformation reached-317.132～82.58 mm/;from2015 to 2016,the east-west deformation of the open pit reached-295.511～100.374 mm/a,the north-south deformation reached-41.429～194.373 mm/s,and the vertical deformation reached-427.585～64.435 mm/a.Comparing the two time-series deformation information,it is indicated that the annual average deformation of the open pit has a tendency to decrease,and the deformation trend has not changed significantly,which further show that a subsidence zone is formed in the upper and lower plates of the pit,and an uplift is formed at the bottom of the pit.The above study results related to the 3D deformation regularity of the open pit of Longshou Mine can provide reliable reference for the further monitoring and stability controlling of the open pit.
Due to effects of two mining activities of open mining and underground mining,serious surface deformation occurred in Jinchuan Longshou open-pit mine.The 3D deformation regularity of the open pit of Longshou Mine is studied based on time series InSAR data and GPS monitoring data.Firstly,based on SABS-InSAR technique,with data of 10 image ALOS(PALSAR),the integrated model of SAR monitoring data with GPS was established by the Helmert variance algorithm to obtain 3D deformation data from 2009 to 2011;then,by using of 37 image Sentinel data,an indirect solution based on prior knowledge to improve the north-south accuracy was introduced to obtain the 3D deformation data from 2015 to 2016.The monitoring results show that from 2009 to 2011,the east-west deformation of the open pit of reached-219.205～232.965 mm/a,the north-south deformation reached-158.566～110.177 mm/a,and the vertical deformation reached-317.132～82.58 mm/;from2015 to 2016,the east-west deformation of the open pit reached-295.511～100.374 mm/a,the north-south deformation reached-41.429～194.373 mm/s,and the vertical deformation reached-427.585～64.435 mm/a.Comparing the two time-series deformation information,it is indicated that the annual average deformation of the open pit has a tendency to decrease,and the deformation trend has not changed significantly,which further show that a subsidence zone is formed in the upper and lower plates of the pit,and an uplift is formed at the bottom of the pit.The above study results related to the 3D deformation regularity of the open pit of Longshou Mine can provide reliable reference for the further monitoring and stability controlling of the open pit.
引文
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[21]程海勇，乔登攀.金川龙首矿充填采矿与地表沉降规律探讨[J].金属矿山，2012(11):31-35.Cheng Haiyong,Qiao Dengpan.Discussion on filling mining of Longshou Mine in Jinchuan and the laws of surface subsidence[J].Metal Mine,2012(11):31-35.
[22]邓清海，曹家源，张丽萍，等.转地下开采后龙首矿露天采坑底部隆起机理[J].采矿与安全工程学报，2015,32(4):677-682.Deng Qinghai,Cao Jiayuan,Zhang Liping,et al.Uplift mechanism of the bottom of open pit after the transition from open-pit mining to underground mining in Longshou Mine[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(4):677-682.
[23]翟淑花，高谦，杨晓炳，等.金川二矿区地表岩移分析与稳定性预测技术[J].矿业工程研究，2015,30(3):14-18.Zhai Shuhua,Gao Qian,Yang Xiaobin,et al.Research on the development technique for surface subsidence analysis and stability predicting system of Jinchuan No.2 mine area[J].Mineral Engineering Research,2015,30(3):14-18.
[24]Zhao H J,Ma F S,Zhang Y M.Monitoring and analysis of the mining-induced ground movement in the Longshou Mine,China[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2013,46(1):207-211.
[2]Mohamed A,Mohamed,et al.Seismicity and 10-years recent crustal deformation studies at Aswan Region,Egypt[J].Acta Geodyn.Geomater,2012,9:221-236.
[3]Abou-Aly N,Abdel-Monem S,Saleh M.Pre and post-seismic displacements associated with the Aswan 2011 Earthquake(M=4.2)derived from recent geodetic GPS data[J].Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2014(7):2547-2557.
[4]Zhao C Y,Liu C J,Zhang Q.Deformation of Linfen-Yuncheng Basin(China)and its mechanisms revealed byΠ-RATE InSAR technique[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2018,218:221-230.
[5]Huang Q H,Michele C,Oriol M,et al.Displacement monitoring and modelling of a high-speed railway bridge using C-band Sentinel-1 data[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2017,128:204-211.
[6]Antonio M,Ruiz-Armenteros,Milan L,et al.Deformation monitoring of dam infrastructures via spaceborne MT-InSAR:the case of La Vi?uela(Málaga,Southern Spain)[J].Procedia Computer Science,2018,138:346-353.
[7]Luo H B,Li Z H,Chen J J,et al.Integration of range split spectrum interferometry and conventional InSAR to monitor large gradient surface displacements[J].International of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2019,74:130-137.
[8]Antonio M.Ruiz-Armenteros,Milan L,et al.Monitoring continuous subsidence in the Costa del Sol(Málaga province,southern Spanish coast)using ERS-1/2,Envisat,and Sentinel-1A/B SAR interferometry[J].Procedia Computer Science,2018,138:354-361.
[9]Camellia Y,Majid N,Maryam A A,et al.Stress transfer,aftershocks distribution and InSAR analysis of the 2005 Dahuieh earthquake,SE Iran[J].Journal of African Earth Sciences,2018,147:2110219.
[10]Berardino P,Fornaro G,Lanari R.A news algorithm for surface deformation monitoring based on small baseline differential interferograms[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2002,40(11):2375-2383.
[11]Ji L Y,Wang Q L,Qin S L.Present-day deformation of Agung volcano,Indonesia,as determined using SBAS-InSAR[J].Geodesy and Geodynamics,2013(3):65-70.
[12]Gao M L,Gong H,Chen B B.Mapping and characterization of land subsidence in Beijing Plain caused by groundwater pumping using the Small Baseline Subset(SBAS)InSAR technique[J].IAHS,2015,372:347-349.
[13]Luke B,Francesca C,David B,et al.The application of the Intermittent SBAS(ISBAS)InSAR method to the South Wales Coalfield[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2015,34:249-257.
[14]Costantini M.Anovel phase unwrapping method based on network programming[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1998,36(3):813-821.
[15]Hazel M.Prichard,Robert D,et al.Distribution of platinum-group elements in magmatic and altered ores in the Jinchuan intrusion,China:an example of selenium remobilization by postmagmatic fluids[J].Miner Deposita,2013,48:767-786.
[16]Yang S H,Yang G,Qu W J,et al.Pt-Os isotopic constraints on the age of hydrothermal overprinting on the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit,China[J].Mineralium Deposita,2018,53:757-774.
[17]Zhang M J,Sandra L K,Chusi L,et al.Precise U-Pb zircon-baddeleyite age of the Jinchuan sulfide ore-bearing ultramafic intrusion,Western China[J].Miner Deposita,2010,45:3-9.
[18]Zhao H J,Ma F S,Xu J M,et al.In situ stress field inversion and its application in mining-induced rock mass movement[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2012,53:120-128.
[19]张亚民，马风山，徐嘉谟，等.高应力区露天转地下开采岩体移动规律[J].岩土力学，2011(S1):590-595.Zhang Yamin,Ma Fengshan,Xu Jiamo,et al.Deformation laws of rock mass due to transform from open-pit tounderground mining in high stress area[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011(S1):590-595.
[20]赵海军，马凤山，郭捷，等.龙首矿露天转地下开采对边坡岩体稳定性的影响[J].煤炭学报，2011,36(10):1635-1641.Zhao Haijun,Ma Fengshan,Guo Jie,et al.Effect of open-pit to underground mining on slope stability in Longshou Mine[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(10):1635-1641.
[21]程海勇，乔登攀.金川龙首矿充填采矿与地表沉降规律探讨[J].金属矿山，2012(11):31-35.Cheng Haiyong,Qiao Dengpan.Discussion on filling mining of Longshou Mine in Jinchuan and the laws of surface subsidence[J].Metal Mine,2012(11):31-35.
[22]邓清海，曹家源，张丽萍，等.转地下开采后龙首矿露天采坑底部隆起机理[J].采矿与安全工程学报，2015,32(4):677-682.Deng Qinghai,Cao Jiayuan,Zhang Liping,et al.Uplift mechanism of the bottom of open pit after the transition from open-pit mining to underground mining in Longshou Mine[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(4):677-682.
[23]翟淑花，高谦，杨晓炳，等.金川二矿区地表岩移分析与稳定性预测技术[J].矿业工程研究，2015,30(3):14-18.Zhai Shuhua,Gao Qian,Yang Xiaobin,et al.Research on the development technique for surface subsidence analysis and stability predicting system of Jinchuan No.2 mine area[J].Mineral Engineering Research,2015,30(3):14-18.
[24]Zhao H J,Ma F S,Zhang Y M.Monitoring and analysis of the mining-induced ground movement in the Longshou Mine,China[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2013,46(1):207-211.
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