基于生活质量的大都市郊区乡村性评价及空间自相关类型划分
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摘要
乡村性是乡村地理学研究的热点,是综合反映乡村发展水平、揭示乡村内部差异和识别乡村地域空间的重要指标。研究基于生活质量理论构建乡村性收支指标体系,采用城乡指标对比分析法划分乡村性等级,运用局部空间自相关方法对青浦区184个评价单元的乡村性进行空间相关性分析并通过空间叠加产生的组合类型划分2016年青浦区乡村性类型,并提出针对性管理措施。研究得到结果如下:通过选取表征乡村居民生活质量的收支指标构建乡村性评价体系,并采用城乡指标对比以判定区域乡村性,是在城乡一体化背景下评判乡村发展程度的有效方法;青浦区乡村性空间分异明显,乡村性由东向西逐渐递增;基于生活质量的青浦区乡村性类型多样且发展方式各异。以乡村性综合指数的局部空间集聚与离散程度划分乡村性类型,可将青浦区184个村域评价单元划分10种乡村性类型区,并针对乡村性类型划分结果采取因地制宜的对策和差异化的管理措施。该研究结果丰富了乡村地理学理论,可为实现乡村持续发展提供科学借鉴。
Rurality is an important indicator which reflects rural development, reveals its internal difference and measures rural area space. The degree of rurality is the representing evidence of rural regional type differentiation and reflects the multifunctional evolutional tendency of urban-rural space profoundly. What constitutes development and how it should be measured is a very important question. In this research, we constructed the index system of income and expenditure of daily living based on the theory of quality of live, used the comparative analysis method of urban and rural indicators to classify the rural grade, used the local spatial autocorrelation method spatial correlation analyzing the rural indicators of 184 evaluation units in Qingpu district, divided the rural types of Qingpu district in 2016 according to the combination types produced by space superposition, and put forward the corresponding management measures. The results showed that it was an effective method to judge the degree of rural development in the context of urban-rural integration by selecting income and expenditure indicators that represented the quality of life of rural residents to construct a rurality evaluation system, and used the comparison of indicators between urban and rural areas to judge the regional rural nature. The differentiation of rural spaces in Qingpu district was obvious, and the rurality increased gradually from east to west. According to the evaluation results of the comprehensive index and grade of rural nature in Qingpu district in 2016, the total area of rural first class area was 75.94 km~2, accounting for 11.60% of the total area, mainly distributed in the eastern and central areas of Xiayang and Xujing. The total area of rural secondary area was 28.01% of the total area of 187.28 km~2, mainly distributed in Xianghuaqiao and Huaxin in the north and northeast of central China. The total area of rural third class area was 140.36 km~2, accounting for 21.00% of the total area, mainly distributed in Baihe town and Zhujiajiao town in the middle and north. The total area of the rural area was 264.94 km~2, which was mainly distributed in Jinze and Liantang in the west of Qingqu district. The types of rurality in Qingpu district had various and different ways of development based on quality of life. According to the degree of local spatial agglomeration and dispersion of rural comprehensive index, 184 evaluation units of village area in Qingpu district can be divided 10 rural types. According to the results of rural classification, countermeasures and differentiated management measures were adopted. The results enrich the theory of rural geography and provide scientific reference for the sustainable development of rural areas.
Rurality is an important indicator which reflects rural development, reveals its internal difference and measures rural area space. The degree of rurality is the representing evidence of rural regional type differentiation and reflects the multifunctional evolutional tendency of urban-rural space profoundly. What constitutes development and how it should be measured is a very important question. In this research, we constructed the index system of income and expenditure of daily living based on the theory of quality of live, used the comparative analysis method of urban and rural indicators to classify the rural grade, used the local spatial autocorrelation method spatial correlation analyzing the rural indicators of 184 evaluation units in Qingpu district, divided the rural types of Qingpu district in 2016 according to the combination types produced by space superposition, and put forward the corresponding management measures. The results showed that it was an effective method to judge the degree of rural development in the context of urban-rural integration by selecting income and expenditure indicators that represented the quality of life of rural residents to construct a rurality evaluation system, and used the comparison of indicators between urban and rural areas to judge the regional rural nature. The differentiation of rural spaces in Qingpu district was obvious, and the rurality increased gradually from east to west. According to the evaluation results of the comprehensive index and grade of rural nature in Qingpu district in 2016, the total area of rural first class area was 75.94 km~2, accounting for 11.60% of the total area, mainly distributed in the eastern and central areas of Xiayang and Xujing. The total area of rural secondary area was 28.01% of the total area of 187.28 km~2, mainly distributed in Xianghuaqiao and Huaxin in the north and northeast of central China. The total area of rural third class area was 140.36 km~2, accounting for 21.00% of the total area, mainly distributed in Baihe town and Zhujiajiao town in the middle and north. The total area of the rural area was 264.94 km~2, which was mainly distributed in Jinze and Liantang in the west of Qingqu district. The types of rurality in Qingpu district had various and different ways of development based on quality of life. According to the degree of local spatial agglomeration and dispersion of rural comprehensive index, 184 evaluation units of village area in Qingpu district can be divided 10 rural types. According to the results of rural classification, countermeasures and differentiated management measures were adopted. The results enrich the theory of rural geography and provide scientific reference for the sustainable development of rural areas.
引文
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