论我国国家公园生态补偿机制的构建
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摘要
构建国家公园生态补偿机制可以调节各方利益和生态环境保护的关系,有效的生态补偿手段可以促进社会公平,实现国家公园生态保护与经济利益的统一。通过梳理国家公园生态补偿中涉及的利益相关者及其之间的关系,分析现行的几种主要补偿模式的运作流程,发现国家公园在生态补偿过程中存在财政投入不足、缺乏对生态移民群体关注、社区参与不规范等问题,加强财政资金补给,完善多元化资金保障机制、对社区居民实行多渠道多形式的安置补偿以及建立多元化社区参与机制等有利于我国国家公园生态补偿机制的建设。
The construction of national park ecological compensation mechanism can regulate the relationship between the interests of all parties and ecological environment protection. Effective ecological compensation means can promote social equity and realize the unification of national park ecological protection and economic benefits. By combing the stakeholders involved in the ecological compensation of national parks and their relationship, this paper analyzes the current operational processes of several major compensation models and finds that the national parks have insufficient financial input and lack ecological immigrant groups in the process of ecological compensation, lack concerns for the community, possessing non-standardized participation in the community, and so on, so that the recommendations should be strengthened to replenish financial funds, improve the diversified fund guarantee mechanism, implement multi-channel and multi-form resettlement compensation for community residents, and establish a diversified community participation mechanism, with a view to Provide theoretical basis for the construction of national park ecological compensation mechanism and accelerate the construction of national parks.
The construction of national park ecological compensation mechanism can regulate the relationship between the interests of all parties and ecological environment protection. Effective ecological compensation means can promote social equity and realize the unification of national park ecological protection and economic benefits. By combing the stakeholders involved in the ecological compensation of national parks and their relationship, this paper analyzes the current operational processes of several major compensation models and finds that the national parks have insufficient financial input and lack ecological immigrant groups in the process of ecological compensation, lack concerns for the community, possessing non-standardized participation in the community, and so on, so that the recommendations should be strengthened to replenish financial funds, improve the diversified fund guarantee mechanism, implement multi-channel and multi-form resettlement compensation for community residents, and establish a diversified community participation mechanism, with a view to Provide theoretical basis for the construction of national park ecological compensation mechanism and accelerate the construction of national parks.
引文
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[17]王根茂,柏智勇,谭益民,等.南山国家公园非物质文化遗产的传承保护研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2018,12(2):83-87.
[2]苏杨.国家公园建设:先补齐生态补偿制度短板并体现国家事权[J].中国发展观察,2016(11):47-49.
[3]黄涛,刘晶岚.长城国家公园游客环境友好行为意愿的影响研究——地方依恋的中介作用[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2017,11(5):70-75.
[4]唐芳林.科学划定功能分区实现国家公园多目标管理[N].青海日报,2018-01-08(011).
[5]杨锐.美国国家公园体系的发展历程及其经验教训[J].中国园林杂志,2001,17(1):62-65.
[6]欧阳志云,郑华,岳平.建立我国生态补偿机制的思路与措施[J].生态学报,2013,33(3):686-692.
[7]曾彩琳.自然遗产地原居民权益保障:检视、反思与重构[J].华中科技大学学报(社会科学版),2013,27(1):61-65.
[8]李文华,刘某承.关于中国生态补偿机制建设的几点思考[J].资源科学,2010,32(5):791-796.
[9]姜光宝.浅谈我国生态移民补偿制度的设置[J].企业导报,2012(3):260.
[10]杨芳.基于社区参与的洞庭湖湿地生态补偿机制研究[J].湖南社会科学,2013(2):172-175.
[11]杨金娜,尚琴琴,张玉钧.我国国家公园建设的社区参与机制研究[J].世界林业研究,2018,31(4):76-80.
[12]李斌.三江源国家公园社区共管机制现状研究[J].河北企业,2018(1):23-24.
[13]黄宝荣,王毅,苏利阳,等.我国国家公园体制试点的进展、问题与对策建议[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(1):76-85.
[14]刘珉,胡涛.国家公园管理研究——从公共财政视角[J].林业经济,2017,39(8):3-8.
[15]聂倩,匡小平.公共财政中的生态补偿模式比较研究[J].财经理论与实践,2014,35(2):103-108.
[16]方言,吴静.中国国家公园的土地权属与人地关系研究[J].旅游科学,2017,31(3):14-23.
[17]王根茂,柏智勇,谭益民,等.南山国家公园非物质文化遗产的传承保护研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2018,12(2):83-87.