深圳市福田国家级红树林自然保护区的红树林生态系统健康评价
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摘要
为切实保护珍贵的红树林资源,保持红树林生态系统健康,文章构建相应的评价指标体系,采用科学的评价方法,对深圳市福田国家级红树林自然保护区的红树林生态系统健康进行评价。研究结果表明:根据红树林生态系统健康的影响因素,评价指标体系包括环境和生态2个一级指标,海水质量、生物栖息地质量和生物质量3个二级指标以及海水pH值和盐度等15个三级指标;根据各评价指标的监测数据、量化分级和赋值,计算深圳市福田国家级红树林自然保护区4个季节的红树林生态系统健康综合评价值;红树林生态系统健康随季节变化不明显,其中春季、夏季和冬季为亚健康,秋季为健康,主要原因是秋季的海水盐度较低。
In order to protect precious mangrove resources and maintain the health of mangrove ecosystem,this paper established the corresponding assessment index system and evaluated the mangrove ecosystem health of Futian National Mangrove Nature Reserve in Shenzhen by using scientific assessment methods.The results showed that:the assessment index system included 2 first-level indicators of environment and ecology,3 second-level indicators of seawater quality,habitat quality and biological quality and 15 third-level indications of pH,salinity and so on.Furthermore,the health status of mangroves in 4 seasons of Futian in Shenzhen was assessed according to the monitoring data,quantitative classification and valuation of each index.The health of mangrove ecosystem does not change obviously with seasons,among which spring,summer and winter are sub-healthy and autumn is healthy and the main reason is the lower salinity of sea water in autumn.
In order to protect precious mangrove resources and maintain the health of mangrove ecosystem,this paper established the corresponding assessment index system and evaluated the mangrove ecosystem health of Futian National Mangrove Nature Reserve in Shenzhen by using scientific assessment methods.The results showed that:the assessment index system included 2 first-level indicators of environment and ecology,3 second-level indicators of seawater quality,habitat quality and biological quality and 15 third-level indications of pH,salinity and so on.Furthermore,the health status of mangroves in 4 seasons of Futian in Shenzhen was assessed according to the monitoring data,quantitative classification and valuation of each index.The health of mangrove ecosystem does not change obviously with seasons,among which spring,summer and winter are sub-healthy and autumn is healthy and the main reason is the lower salinity of sea water in autumn.
引文
[1]林鹏.中国红树林生态系[M].北京:科学出版社,1997.
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[5]RAPPORT D J.Evolution of indicators of ecosystem health[J].Ecological Indicators,1992,1:121-134.
[6]RAPPORT D J,COSTANZA R,MCMICHAEL A J.Assessing ecosystem health[J].Trends in Ecology and Evolution,1998,13(1):397-402.
[7]SMOL J P.Paleolimnology:an important tool for effective ecosystem management[J].Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health,1992,1(1):42-59.
[8]COSTANZA R.Toward an operational definition of health[A].Ecosystem Health-New Goals for Environmental Management[C].Washington D C:Island Press,1992:239-256.
[9]HASKELL B,NORTON B,COSTANZA R.What is ecosystem health and why should we worry about it[A].Ecosystem HealthNew Goals for Environmental Management[C].Washington DC:Island Press,1992:3-20.
[10]OECD.Core set of indicators for environmental performance reviews:a synthesis report by the group on the state of the environment[R].Paris:OECD,1993.
[11]WALZ R.Development of environmental indicator systems:experiences from Germany[J].Environmental Management,2000,25:613-623.
[2]王文卿,王瑁.中国红树林[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[3]CANNICCI S,BURROWS D,FRATINI S,et al.Faunal impact on vegetation structure and ecosystem function in mangrove forests:a review[J].Aquatic Botany,2008,89(2):186-200.
[4]SCHAEFFER D J,HENRICKS E E,KERSTER H W.Ecosystem health:measuring ecosystem health[J].Environmental Management,1988,12:445-455.
[5]RAPPORT D J.Evolution of indicators of ecosystem health[J].Ecological Indicators,1992,1:121-134.
[6]RAPPORT D J,COSTANZA R,MCMICHAEL A J.Assessing ecosystem health[J].Trends in Ecology and Evolution,1998,13(1):397-402.
[7]SMOL J P.Paleolimnology:an important tool for effective ecosystem management[J].Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health,1992,1(1):42-59.
[8]COSTANZA R.Toward an operational definition of health[A].Ecosystem Health-New Goals for Environmental Management[C].Washington D C:Island Press,1992:239-256.
[9]HASKELL B,NORTON B,COSTANZA R.What is ecosystem health and why should we worry about it[A].Ecosystem HealthNew Goals for Environmental Management[C].Washington DC:Island Press,1992:3-20.
[10]OECD.Core set of indicators for environmental performance reviews:a synthesis report by the group on the state of the environment[R].Paris:OECD,1993.
[11]WALZ R.Development of environmental indicator systems:experiences from Germany[J].Environmental Management,2000,25:613-623.
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