极低频电磁(WEM)法信号检测试验
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摘要
极低频电磁方法是近几年来在我国首先发展起来的地球物理新方法,可以应用于资源、能源及深部工程地质勘查中,其特色之处是在高阻区建立近南北方向和近东西方向两个长达上百公里的人工固定发射源,发射大功率电磁信号。2015年11月底发射台建设完成后,首要任务是检测远处记录的极低频电磁信号的强度和有效性,为此,我们在距发射源960 km的华北油田任丘盆地开展了首次信号测试试验:用高精度采集站接收发射信号,然后进行分段频谱分析,获得接收信号的频率谱,通过分析接收信号频谱的强度与信噪比评价发射信号的质量和有效性。在试验正式开始之前,先用10个均匀分布的频率确定最佳发射时间长度,其他频率的发射时间长度通过内插获得,以节省发射时间。通过试验,在离发射源960 km处成功检测到了电磁场有效信号。当东西方向天线发射频率高于0. 353 78 Hz和南北方向天线发射频率高于1. 4151 Hz时,与发射源方向一致的电磁场分量的信噪比都大于3,认为信号可靠可测。这次试验初步认定建成的发射台能够发射有效信号,可允许在全国各地进一步实施各种检测和联调试验研究。
The wireless electromagnetic method is a new geophysical method developed in recent years. It can be applied to resources,energy and deep engineering geological exploration. Its characteristic is that two directions long bipole near-south-north and near-east-west are established in high-resistance areas. With hundreds of kilometers of emission sources,high-power electromagnetic signals can cover the whole country. After the project of transmitter station being completed at the end of November 2015,the first signal test was carried out in the Renqiu Basin of the North China Oilfield,which is 960 kilometers away from the transmitter source. The signal was collected by high-precision acquisition system,and then the frequency spectrum was obtained by performing segmentation spectrum transformation. At last,the transmitted signal was evaluated through analyzing the signal-tonoise ratio and spectrum amplitude. Before the test,the optimal transmit duration was determined by a few uniformly distributed frequencies to save time. Other frequencies transmit duration can be obtained by interpolation.Through experiments,the electromagnetic field signal was successfully detected. When the frequency is greater than0. 353 78 Hz with east-west bipole source,and the frequency is higher than 1. 4151 Hz with north-south bipole,source,the signal-noise-ratio is greater than 3 and considered being measurable. The test showed that the transmitter station can transmit effective signals,and other tests and joint test studies could be carry out in the whole country.
The wireless electromagnetic method is a new geophysical method developed in recent years. It can be applied to resources,energy and deep engineering geological exploration. Its characteristic is that two directions long bipole near-south-north and near-east-west are established in high-resistance areas. With hundreds of kilometers of emission sources,high-power electromagnetic signals can cover the whole country. After the project of transmitter station being completed at the end of November 2015,the first signal test was carried out in the Renqiu Basin of the North China Oilfield,which is 960 kilometers away from the transmitter source. The signal was collected by high-precision acquisition system,and then the frequency spectrum was obtained by performing segmentation spectrum transformation. At last,the transmitted signal was evaluated through analyzing the signal-tonoise ratio and spectrum amplitude. Before the test,the optimal transmit duration was determined by a few uniformly distributed frequencies to save time. Other frequencies transmit duration can be obtained by interpolation.Through experiments,the electromagnetic field signal was successfully detected. When the frequency is greater than0. 353 78 Hz with east-west bipole source,and the frequency is higher than 1. 4151 Hz with north-south bipole,source,the signal-noise-ratio is greater than 3 and considered being measurable. The test showed that the transmitter station can transmit effective signals,and other tests and joint test studies could be carry out in the whole country.
引文
Chen X B,Zhao G Z.2009.Study on the transmitting mechanism of CSELF waves:response of the alternating current point source in the uniform space[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,52(8):2158-2164.
Di Q Y,Wang M Y,Wang R,et al.2008.Study of the long bipole and large power electromagnetic field[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,51(6):1917-1928.
Di Q Y,Wang G J,Wang M Y,et al.2009.Frequency reponse characteristics of target electric property with long bipole large power control source[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,52(1):275-280.
Di Q Y,Wang M Y,Fu C M,et al.2013.Research on character of electromagnetic wave propagation under“earth-ionosphere”mode[M].Beijing:Science Press.
Fu C M,Di Q Y,Wang M Y.2010.Calculate electromagnetic fields in stratified medium with layer-matrix method[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,53(1):177-188.
Fu C M,Di Q Y,Xu C,et al.2012.Electromagnetic fields for different type sources with effect of the ionosphere[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,55(12):3958-3968.
Li D Q,Di Q Y,Wang M Y.2010.Study of large scale large power control source electromagnetic with“earth-ionosphere”mode[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,53(2):411-420.
Li D Q,Di Q Y,Wang M Y.2011.One-dimensional electromagnetic fields forward modeling for“earth-ionosphere”mode[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,54(9):2375-2388.
Xu C,Di Q Y,Fu C M,et al.2012.The contrast of response characteristics between large power long bipole and circle source[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,55(6):2097-2104.
Zhuo X J,Zhao G Z.2004.A new technology for resource detection artificial source electromagnetic[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,39(S):114-117.
Zhuo X J.2005.Research on extra low frequency electromagnetic field distribution and exploration exciting by artificial source[R].Beijing:Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration.
Zhuo X J,Zhao G Z,Di Q Y,et al.2007.Preliminary application of WEMin geophysical exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics,22(6):1921-1924.
Zhuo X J,Lu J X,Zhao G Z,et al.2011.The extremely low frequency engineering project using WEM for underground exploration[J].Engineering Sciences,13(9):42-50.
Zhao G Z,Lu J X.2003.Monitoring&analysis of earthquake phenomena by artificial SLF waves[J].Engineering Science,5(10):27-33.
陈小斌,赵国泽.2009.关于人工源极低频电磁波发射源的讨论——均匀空间交流点电流源的解[J].地球物理学报,52(8):2158-2164.
底青云,王妙月,王若,等.2008.长偶极大功率可控源电磁波响应特征研究[J].地球物理学报,51(6):1917-1928.
底青云,王光杰,王妙月,等.2009.长偶极大功率可控源激励下目标体电性参数的频率响应[J].地球物理学报,52(1):275-280.
底青云,王妙月,付长民,等.2013.“地-电离层”模式电磁波传播特征研究[M].北京:科学出版社.
付长民,底青云,王妙月.2010.计算层状介质中电磁场的层矩阵法[J].地球物理学报,53(1):177-188.
付长民,底青云,许诚,等.2012.电离层影响下不同类型源激发的电磁场特征[J].地球物理学报,55(12):3958-3968.
李帝铨,底青云,王妙月.2010.电离层-空气层-地球介质耦合下大尺度大功率可控源电磁波响应特征研究[J].地球物理学报,53(2):411-420.
李帝铨,底青云,王妙月.2011.“地-电离层”模式有源电磁场一维正演[J].地球物理学报,54(9):2375-2388.
许诚,底青云,付长民,等.2012.大功率长偶极与环状电流源电磁波响应特征对比[J].地球物理学报,55(6):2097-2104.
卓贤军,赵国泽.2004.一种资源探测人工源电磁新技术[J].石油地球物理勘探.39(S):114-117.
卓贤军.2005.人工源超低频电磁场场强分布及测量的研究[R].北京:中国地震局地质研究所.
卓贤军,赵国泽,底青云,等.2007.无线电磁法(WEM)在地球物理勘探中的初步应用[J].地球物理学进展,22(6):1921-1924.
卓贤军,陆建勋,赵国泽,等.2011.极低频探地(WEM)工程[J].中国工程科学,13(9):42-50.
赵国泽,陆建勋.2003.利用人工源超低频电磁波监测地震的试验与分析[J].中国工程科学.5(10):27-33.
Di Q Y,Wang M Y,Wang R,et al.2008.Study of the long bipole and large power electromagnetic field[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,51(6):1917-1928.
Di Q Y,Wang G J,Wang M Y,et al.2009.Frequency reponse characteristics of target electric property with long bipole large power control source[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,52(1):275-280.
Di Q Y,Wang M Y,Fu C M,et al.2013.Research on character of electromagnetic wave propagation under“earth-ionosphere”mode[M].Beijing:Science Press.
Fu C M,Di Q Y,Wang M Y.2010.Calculate electromagnetic fields in stratified medium with layer-matrix method[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,53(1):177-188.
Fu C M,Di Q Y,Xu C,et al.2012.Electromagnetic fields for different type sources with effect of the ionosphere[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,55(12):3958-3968.
Li D Q,Di Q Y,Wang M Y.2010.Study of large scale large power control source electromagnetic with“earth-ionosphere”mode[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,53(2):411-420.
Li D Q,Di Q Y,Wang M Y.2011.One-dimensional electromagnetic fields forward modeling for“earth-ionosphere”mode[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,54(9):2375-2388.
Xu C,Di Q Y,Fu C M,et al.2012.The contrast of response characteristics between large power long bipole and circle source[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,55(6):2097-2104.
Zhuo X J,Zhao G Z.2004.A new technology for resource detection artificial source electromagnetic[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,39(S):114-117.
Zhuo X J.2005.Research on extra low frequency electromagnetic field distribution and exploration exciting by artificial source[R].Beijing:Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration.
Zhuo X J,Zhao G Z,Di Q Y,et al.2007.Preliminary application of WEMin geophysical exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics,22(6):1921-1924.
Zhuo X J,Lu J X,Zhao G Z,et al.2011.The extremely low frequency engineering project using WEM for underground exploration[J].Engineering Sciences,13(9):42-50.
Zhao G Z,Lu J X.2003.Monitoring&analysis of earthquake phenomena by artificial SLF waves[J].Engineering Science,5(10):27-33.
陈小斌,赵国泽.2009.关于人工源极低频电磁波发射源的讨论——均匀空间交流点电流源的解[J].地球物理学报,52(8):2158-2164.
底青云,王妙月,王若,等.2008.长偶极大功率可控源电磁波响应特征研究[J].地球物理学报,51(6):1917-1928.
底青云,王光杰,王妙月,等.2009.长偶极大功率可控源激励下目标体电性参数的频率响应[J].地球物理学报,52(1):275-280.
底青云,王妙月,付长民,等.2013.“地-电离层”模式电磁波传播特征研究[M].北京:科学出版社.
付长民,底青云,王妙月.2010.计算层状介质中电磁场的层矩阵法[J].地球物理学报,53(1):177-188.
付长民,底青云,许诚,等.2012.电离层影响下不同类型源激发的电磁场特征[J].地球物理学报,55(12):3958-3968.
李帝铨,底青云,王妙月.2010.电离层-空气层-地球介质耦合下大尺度大功率可控源电磁波响应特征研究[J].地球物理学报,53(2):411-420.
李帝铨,底青云,王妙月.2011.“地-电离层”模式有源电磁场一维正演[J].地球物理学报,54(9):2375-2388.
许诚,底青云,付长民,等.2012.大功率长偶极与环状电流源电磁波响应特征对比[J].地球物理学报,55(6):2097-2104.
卓贤军,赵国泽.2004.一种资源探测人工源电磁新技术[J].石油地球物理勘探.39(S):114-117.
卓贤军.2005.人工源超低频电磁场场强分布及测量的研究[R].北京:中国地震局地质研究所.
卓贤军,赵国泽,底青云,等.2007.无线电磁法(WEM)在地球物理勘探中的初步应用[J].地球物理学进展,22(6):1921-1924.
卓贤军,陆建勋,赵国泽,等.2011.极低频探地(WEM)工程[J].中国工程科学,13(9):42-50.
赵国泽,陆建勋.2003.利用人工源超低频电磁波监测地震的试验与分析[J].中国工程科学.5(10):27-33.
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