基于生态过程的湖泊水文健康评价体系研究Ⅰ:理论
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摘要
湖泊水文健康作为河湖健康评价的重要子项,其健康程度与人类活动紧密相关。但现实中湖泊的水文过程相当复杂,涉及大量信息和规律,研究表明湖泊水文过程一般和湖泊生态系统在不同尺度、不同层次上存在多维结构关系。因此,通过建立生态水文指标体系来研究变化复杂条件下湖泊水文过程是一种有效方式。目前,对河湖健康的认识限制于河流的自然状况,是在河流受到人类活动影响后提出的希望河湖回到未受人类影响的状态的愿望,但是人类发展到现在已经很难再回到没有人类的状态,所以后期河流健康的研究旨在寻求一种人类与河流和谐相处的平衡,而湖泊水文健康的评估目的是弄清楚湖泊水文变化过程中对河流造成影响的要素。
As an important sub-item of health assessment for rivers and lakes,the hydrological health of lakes is closely related to human activities.However,in reality,hydrological processes in lakes are rather complex and involve a great deal of information and laws.Studies have shown that lake hydrological processes generally have multi-dimensional structural relationships with ecosystems at different scales and levels.Therefore,for lakes under changing complex conditions,it is an effective way to study their hydrological process through the establishment of eco-hydrological indicator system.At present,the understanding for the health of rivers and lakes is limited to their natural state.It is wished that the rivers and lakes could return to their undisturbed state after being affected by human activities.However,in reality,it is impossible to go back to the originally uninfluenced state.Therefore,recent research on river health aims to seek a harmony between mankind and river,and the hydrological health assessment of lakes and rivers is to clarify the factors influencing them during their hydrological change.
As an important sub-item of health assessment for rivers and lakes,the hydrological health of lakes is closely related to human activities.However,in reality,hydrological processes in lakes are rather complex and involve a great deal of information and laws.Studies have shown that lake hydrological processes generally have multi-dimensional structural relationships with ecosystems at different scales and levels.Therefore,for lakes under changing complex conditions,it is an effective way to study their hydrological process through the establishment of eco-hydrological indicator system.At present,the understanding for the health of rivers and lakes is limited to their natural state.It is wished that the rivers and lakes could return to their undisturbed state after being affected by human activities.However,in reality,it is impossible to go back to the originally uninfluenced state.Therefore,recent research on river health aims to seek a harmony between mankind and river,and the hydrological health assessment of lakes and rivers is to clarify the factors influencing them during their hydrological change.
引文
[1]毕温凯.基于支持向量的湖泊生态系统健康评价研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2012.
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[3]袁兴中,王强,刘红,等.三峡库区流域生态健康评估--以东河流域为例[J].三峡生态环境监测,2016,1(1):28-35.
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[8]OLDEN J D,POFF N L.Redundancy and the choice of hydrologic indices for characterizing streamflow regimes[J].River Research and Applications,2003,19(2):101-121.
[9]SUEN J P,EHEART J W.Reservoir management to balance ecosystem and human needs:Incorporating the paradigm of the ecological flow regime[J].Water Resources Research,2006,42(3):1-9.
[10]徐天宝.河流生态水文指标体系及其在长江中上游的应用研究[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2007.
[11]RICHTER B,BAUMGARTNER J,WIGINGTON R,et al.How much water does a river need?[J].Freshwater Biology,1997,37(1):231-249.
[12]RICHTER B D,WARNER A T,MEYER J L,et al.Acollaborative and adaptive process for developing environmental flow recommendations[J].River Research and Applications,2006,22(3):297-318.
[2]刘永,郭怀成,戴永立,等.湖泊生态系统健康评价方法研究[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(4):723-729.
[3]袁兴中,王强,刘红,等.三峡库区流域生态健康评估--以东河流域为例[J].三峡生态环境监测,2016,1(1):28-35.
[4]KARRJR.Definingandassessingecologicalintegrity:Beyond water quality[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,1993,12(9):1521-1531.
[5]ARTHINGTON A H,BUNN S E,POFF N L,et al.The challenge of providing environmental flow rules to sustain river ecosystems[J].Ecological Applications,2006,16(4):1311-1318.
[6]POFF N L,ALLAN J D,BAIN M B,et al.The natural flow regime:A paradigm for river conservation and restoration[J].Bioscience,1997,47(11):769-784.
[7]BROWN C,KING J,Water resources and environment technical note C.1.environmental flows:Concepts and methods[M].Washington:World Bank Washington,D.C.,2003.
[8]OLDEN J D,POFF N L.Redundancy and the choice of hydrologic indices for characterizing streamflow regimes[J].River Research and Applications,2003,19(2):101-121.
[9]SUEN J P,EHEART J W.Reservoir management to balance ecosystem and human needs:Incorporating the paradigm of the ecological flow regime[J].Water Resources Research,2006,42(3):1-9.
[10]徐天宝.河流生态水文指标体系及其在长江中上游的应用研究[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2007.
[11]RICHTER B,BAUMGARTNER J,WIGINGTON R,et al.How much water does a river need?[J].Freshwater Biology,1997,37(1):231-249.
[12]RICHTER B D,WARNER A T,MEYER J L,et al.Acollaborative and adaptive process for developing environmental flow recommendations[J].River Research and Applications,2006,22(3):297-318.