创业网络、资源拼凑与新创企业绩效的关系研究
|
摘要
创业网络为新创企业获取资源、突破资源约束困境提供了可能,能否将创业网络中潜在的资源真正转化为新创企业成长绩效,取决于其对资源进行拼凑的程度。已有研究在相关领域有所探讨,但是尚需对创业网络进行细分,探讨资源拼凑的中介作用,并讨论资源拼凑影响新创企业绩效的情景条件。基于资源基础理论和社会网络理论,将创业网络分为均包括网络规模、网络多样性、关系强度的正式网络和非正式网络,理论推演出两类创业网络影响新创企业绩效的机制以及资源拼凑的中介作用,从创业学习的角度探讨利用式学习和探索式学习在资源拼凑与新创企业绩效关系中的调节作用。采用问卷调查方法收集204份来自新创企业的有效问卷,运用Spss 23. 0和Mplus 7. 4检验数据质量、变量间关系和研究假设。研究结果表明,创业网络是影响新创企业绩效的重要因素,正式网络多样性和关系强度对新创企业绩效有显著的正向影响,正式网络规模的正向影响未通过显著性检验;非正式网络规模、网络多样性和关系强度对新创企业绩效有显著的正向影响;资源拼凑在正式网络的网络多样性和关系强度以及非正式网络的网络规模、网络多样性、关系强度对新创企业绩效的影响中起中介作用;探索式学习在资源拼凑对新创企业绩效的影响中起正向调节作用,利用式学习的调节作用不显著。从资源的来源角度深度剖析正式网络和非正式网络对新创企业绩效的影响,揭示资源拼凑在其中的中介机制,通过创业学习界定资源拼凑影响新创企业绩效的情景。研究结果启示新创企业在构建正式网络时应重质不重量,积极构建多样性的正式网络并扩大非正式网络规模,加强与非正式网络成员的联系。同时,应善于资源整合和拼凑,实现对资源的创造性利用,并注重创业学习的作用,尤其是加强探索式学习。
The entrepreneurial network provides the possibility for new venture to obtain resource and break through the predicament of resource constraint. Whether the potential resources in the entrepreneurial network can be truly turned into the growth performance of new venture,it depends on the degree of resource bricolage. Existing research has explored in related fields,but it is still necessary to subdivide the entrepreneurial networks,explore the mediating role of resource bricolage and discuss the situational conditions in which resource bricolage influence new venture performance.Based on resource-based view and social network theory,the entrepreneurial networks are divided into formal networks( network size,network diversity,tie strength) and informal networks( network size,network diversity,tie strength). This paper deduces the mechanism that two types of entrepreneurial networks affect new venture performance,and the mediating role of resource bricolage. Meanwhile,from the perspective of entrepreneurial learning,it explores the moderating role of exploitative learning and exploratory learning in the relationship between resource bricolage and new venture performance. A total of 204 valid samples were collected from Internet start-ups by questionnaire survey,and the data quality,relationships between variables,and research hypotheses were tested by SPSS 23. 0 and MPLUS7. 4.The results show that: Entrepreneurial network is an important factor affecting new venture performance. Formal network( network diversity,tie strength) have a positive impact on new venture performance. The positive impact of the formal network size did not pass the significance test. Informal entrepreneurial network( network size,network diversity,tie strength) has a positive impact on new venture performance. Resource bricolage plays a mediating role in the relationship among formal entrepreneurial network( network diversity,tie strength),informal network( network size,network diversity,tie strength) and new venture performance. Exploratory learning plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between resource bricolage and new venture performance. Exploitative learning did not play a significant positive role in the relationship between resource bricolage and new venture performance.This paper deeply analyses the impact of formal and informal network on the new venture performance from the perspective of resource source,reveals the mediating mechanism of resource bricolage,and defines the situation of resource bricolage affecting the new venture performance through entrepreneurial learning. The results suggest that new venture should focus on quality rather than quantity and actively construct diverse formal networks. Besides,new venture should expand the scale of informal network and strengthen the links with the members of informal networks. Simultaneously,new venture should be good at resource integration and bricolage,make the creative use of resources,and pay attention to the role of entrepreneurial learning,especially exploratory learning.
The entrepreneurial network provides the possibility for new venture to obtain resource and break through the predicament of resource constraint. Whether the potential resources in the entrepreneurial network can be truly turned into the growth performance of new venture,it depends on the degree of resource bricolage. Existing research has explored in related fields,but it is still necessary to subdivide the entrepreneurial networks,explore the mediating role of resource bricolage and discuss the situational conditions in which resource bricolage influence new venture performance.Based on resource-based view and social network theory,the entrepreneurial networks are divided into formal networks( network size,network diversity,tie strength) and informal networks( network size,network diversity,tie strength). This paper deduces the mechanism that two types of entrepreneurial networks affect new venture performance,and the mediating role of resource bricolage. Meanwhile,from the perspective of entrepreneurial learning,it explores the moderating role of exploitative learning and exploratory learning in the relationship between resource bricolage and new venture performance. A total of 204 valid samples were collected from Internet start-ups by questionnaire survey,and the data quality,relationships between variables,and research hypotheses were tested by SPSS 23. 0 and MPLUS7. 4.The results show that: Entrepreneurial network is an important factor affecting new venture performance. Formal network( network diversity,tie strength) have a positive impact on new venture performance. The positive impact of the formal network size did not pass the significance test. Informal entrepreneurial network( network size,network diversity,tie strength) has a positive impact on new venture performance. Resource bricolage plays a mediating role in the relationship among formal entrepreneurial network( network diversity,tie strength),informal network( network size,network diversity,tie strength) and new venture performance. Exploratory learning plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between resource bricolage and new venture performance. Exploitative learning did not play a significant positive role in the relationship between resource bricolage and new venture performance.This paper deeply analyses the impact of formal and informal network on the new venture performance from the perspective of resource source,reveals the mediating mechanism of resource bricolage,and defines the situation of resource bricolage affecting the new venture performance through entrepreneurial learning. The results suggest that new venture should focus on quality rather than quantity and actively construct diverse formal networks. Besides,new venture should expand the scale of informal network and strengthen the links with the members of informal networks. Simultaneously,new venture should be good at resource integration and bricolage,make the creative use of resources,and pay attention to the role of entrepreneurial learning,especially exploratory learning.
引文
[1]付丙海,谢富纪,张宏如.创业拼凑的多层次诱发机制及影响效应.科学学研究,2018,36(7):1244-1253.FU Binghai,XIE Fuji,ZHANG Hongru.Multi-level induced mechanism and influence effect of entrepreneurial bricolage.Studies in Science of Science,2018,36(7):1244-1253.(in Chinese)
[2]刘人怀,王娅男.创业拼凑对创业学习的影响研究:基于创业导向的调节作用.科学学与科学技术管理,2017,38(10):135-146.LIU Renhuai,WANG Yanan.The effect of entrepreneurial bricolage on entrepreneurial learning:the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2017,38(10):135-146.(in Chinese)
[3]MCINTYRE D P,SRINIVASAN A.Networks,platforms,and strategy:emerging views and next steps.Strategic Management Journal,2017,38(1):141-160.
[4]ENGEL Y,KAANDORP M,ELFRING T.Toward a dynamic process model of entrepreneurial networking under uncertainty.Journal of Business Venturing,2017,32(1):35-51.
[5]蔡莉,单标安.创业网络对新企业绩效的影响:基于企业创建期、存活期及成长期的实证分析.中山大学学报(社会科学版),2010,50(4):189-197.CAI Li,SHAN Biaoan.Entrepreneurial network and new firm performance:an empirical research on startup atage,survial stage and growth stage.Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition),2010,50(4):189-197.(in Chinese)
[6]侯佳薇,柳卸林,陈健.海归创业网络、资源获取与企业绩效的关系研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2018,39(1):168-180.HOU Jiawei,LIU Xielin,CHEN Jian.A study of the relationship among returnees'entrepreneurial network,resources acquisition and performance.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2018,39(1):168-180.(in Chinese)
[7]SENYARD J,BAKER T,STEFFENS P,et al.Bricolage as a path to innovativeness for resource-constrained new firms.The Journal of Product Innovation Management,2014,31(2):211-230.
[8]马鸿佳,吴娟,郎春婷.新创企业即兴行为到惯例的形成机理:基于创业学习视角.外国经济与管理,2018,40(11):116-128.MA Hongjia,WU Juan,LANG Chunting.The formation mechanism of improvisation into routines of new ventures:based on the entrepreneurial learning perspective.Foreign E-conomics&Management,2018,40(11):116-128.(in Chinese)
[9]单标安,蔡莉,陈彪,等.中国情境下创业网络对创业学习的影响研究.科学学研究,2015,33(6):899-906,914.SHAN Biaoan,CAI Li,CHEN Biao,et al.The impact of entrepreneurial network on entrepreneurial learning in the Chinese context.Studies in Science of Science,2015,33(6):899-906,914.(in Chinese)
[10]王浩宇,葛宝山.知识资源整合、创业学习与创业导向的关系研究.情报科学,2017,35(6):14-17,24.WANG Haoyu,GE Baoshan.Research on the relationship of knowledge resource integration,entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial orientation.Information Science,2017,35(6):14-17,24.(in Chinese)
[11]HANSEN E L.Entrepreneurial networks and new organization growth.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,1995,19(4):7-19.
[12]RIDZWAN R,MUHAMMAD N M N,AB RAHMAN A A.Resources,social network competence and youth entrepreneur success:a proposed framework.International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,2016,6(12):469-480.
[13]TAN J,YANG J,VELIYATH R.Particularistic and system trust among small and medium enterprises:a comparative study in China's transition economy.Journal of Business Venturing,2009,24(6):544-557.
[14]吕鸿江,付正茂,王道金,等.网络一致性对双元创新能力的权变平衡.外国经济与管理,2017,39(7):65-79.LYU Hongjiang,FU Zhengmao,WANG Daojin,et al.The contingent balance between network consistency and ambidextrous innovation.Foreign Economics&Management,2017,39(7):65-79.(in Chinese)
[15]杨特,赵文红,周密.网络规模对创业资源获取的影响:创业者先前经验的调节作用.科技进步与对策,2018,35(2):1-9.YANG Te,ZHAO Wenhong,ZHOU Mi.Research on the influence of network size on new ventures'resource acquisition:the moderating effects of prior experience.Science&Technology Progress and Policy,2018,35(2):1-9.(in Chinese)
[16]陈熹,范雅楠,云乐鑫.创业网络、环境不确定性与创业企业成长关系研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2015,36(9):105-116.CHEN Xi,FAN Yanan,YUN Lexin.Empirical study on entrepreneurial network,environment uncertainty and venture growth.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2015,36(9):105-116.(in Chinese)
[17]WATSON J.Modeling the relationship between networking and firm performance.Journal of Business Venturing,2007,22(6):852-874.
[18]彭学兵,王乐,刘玥伶,等.创业网络、效果推理型创业资源整合与新创企业绩效关系研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2017,38(6):157-170.PENG Xuebing,WANG Le,LIU Yueling,et al.Research on relationship among entrepreneurial networks,effectual entrepreneurial resource integration and new venture performance.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2017,38(6):157-170.(in Chinese)
[19]BAKER T,NELSON R E.Creating something from nothing:resource construction through entrepreneurial bricolage.Administrative Science Quarterly,2005,50(3):329-366.
[20]GUO H,SU Z F,AHLSTROM D.Business model innovation:the effects of exploratory orientation,opportunity recognition,and entrepreneurial bricolage in an emerging economy.Asia Pacific Journal of Management,2016,33(2):533-549.
[21]赵兴庐,刘衡,张建琦.冗余如何转化为公司创业?资源拼凑和机会识别的双元式中介路径研究.外国经济与管理,2017,39(6):54-67.ZHAO Xinglu,LIU Heng,ZHANG Jianqi.How does organizational slack drive corporate entrepreneurship:the ambidextrous mediating pathways of resource bricolage and opportunity recognition.Foreign Economics&Management,2017,39(6):54-67.(in Chinese)
[22]吴亮,刘衡.资源拼凑与企业创新绩效研究:一个被调节的中介效应.中山大学学报(社会科学版),2017,57(4):193-208.WU Liang,LIU Heng.Resource bricolage and firm innovation performance:a moderated mediation model.Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition),2017,57(4):193-208.(in Chinese)
[23]DEAKINS D,FREEL M.Entrepreneurial learning and the growth process in SMEs.Learning Organization,1998,5(3):144-155.
[24]ERIKSSON P E,LEIRINGER R,SZENTES H.The role of co-creation in enhancing explorative and exploitative learning in project-based settings.Project Management Journal,2017,48(4):22-38.
[25]杨艳,胡蓓.社会网络、创业自我效能感与创业意图的关系研究.软科学,2011,25(6):59-63.YANG Yan,HU Bei.Research on relationship between social network,entrepreneur self-efficacy and entrepreneurship intention.Soft Science,2011,25(6):59-63.(in Chinese)
[26]SOETANTO D.Networks and entrepreneurial learning:coping with difficulties.International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour&Research,2017,23(3):547-565.
[27]黄艳,陶秋燕,孟猛猛.社会网络、资源拼凑与新创企业的创新绩效.技术经济,2017,36(10):31-37,106.HUANG Yan,TAO Qiuyan,MENG Mengmeng.Social network,resource bricolage and innovation performance of new venture.Technology Economics,2017,36(10):31-37,106.(in Chinese)
[28]陈格.组织双元学习与新创企业创业绩效关系研究:基于创业拼凑的视角.杭州:浙江工商大学,2017:59-60.CHEN Ge.Research on organizational ambidextrous learning and entrepreneurial performance of new ventures from the perspective of entrepreneurial bricolage.Hangzhou:Zhejiang Gongshang University,2017:59-60.(in Chinese)
[29]赵文红,王文琼.基于创业学习的资源构建对创业绩效的影响研究.科技进步与对策,2015,32(15):86-90.ZHAO Wenhong,WANG Wenqiong.Research on the influence of resource construction based on entrepreneurial learning on entrepreneurial performance.Science&Technology Progress and Policy,2015,32(15):86-90.(in Chinese)
[30]ZHAO L M,ARAM J D.Networking and growth of young technology-intensive ventures in China.Journal of Business Venturing,1995,10(5):349-370.
[31]DAWES P L.Choice set size in high technology business markets.Journal of Business to Business Marketing,1996,3(1):33-66.
[32]PARKER S C.The economics of formal business networks.Journal of Business Venturing,2008,23(6):627-640.
[33]张玉利,杨俊,任兵.社会资本、先前经验与创业机会:一个交互效应模型及其启示.管理世界,2008(7):91-102.ZHANG Yuli,YANG Jun,REN Bing.Social capital,past experiences and entrepreneurial opportunities:an interaction effect model and its enlightenment.Management World,2008(7):91-102.(in Chinese)
[34]何会涛,袁勇志.海外人才创业双重网络嵌入及其交互对创业绩效的影响研究.管理学报,2018,15(1):66-73.HE Huitao,YUAN Yongzhi.The influence of network embeddedness and interaction effects on the performance of overseas talent entrepreneurship.Chinese Journal of Management,2018,15(1):66-73.(in Chinese)
[35]KOKA B R,PRESCOTT J E.Strategic alliances as social capital:a multidimensional view.Strategic Management Journal,2002,23(9):795-816.
[36]OSTGAARD T A,BIRLEY S.New venture growth and personal networks.Journal of Business Research,1996,36(1):37-50.
[37]奚雷,彭灿,杨红.资源拼凑对双元创新协同性的影响:环境动态性的调节作用.技术经济,2017,36(4):1-5,62.XI Lei,PENG Can,YANG Hong.Effect of resource bricolage on synergy of dual innovation:moderating role of environmental dynamics.Technology Economics,2017,36(4):1-5,62.(in Chinese)
[38]UZZI B.Social structure and competition in interfirm networks:the paradox of embeddedness.Administrative Science Quarterly,1997,42(1):35-67.
[39]PYKA A.Informal networking and industrial life cycles.Technovation,2000,20(1):25-35.
[40]BECKMAN C M,HAUNSCHILD P R.Network learning:the effects of partners'heterogeneity of experience on corporate acquisitions.Administrative Science Quarterly,2002,47(1):92-124.
[41]BRDERL J,PREISENDRFER P.Network support and the success of newly founded business.Small Business Economics,1998,10(3):213-225.
[42]HANNAN M T,FREEMAN J.Structural inertia and organizational change.American Sociological Review,1984,49(2):149-164.
[43]朱秀梅,李明芳.创业网络特征对资源获取的动态影响:基于中国转型经济的证据.管理世界,2011(6):105-115.ZHU Xiumei,LI Mingfang.The dynamic impact of the entrepreneurial network on the resource acquisition:an evidence base on China's transitional economy.Management World,2011(6):105-115.(in Chinese)
[44]RICE R E,ROGERS E M.Reinvention in the innovation process.Science Communication,1980,1(4):499-514.
[45]左晶晶,谢晋宇.社会网络结构与创业绩效:基于270名科技型大学生创业者的问卷调查.研究与发展管理,2013,25(3):64-73.ZUO Jingjing,XIE Jinyu.Social network structure and entrepreneurial performance:based on questionnaire survey of 270S&T university student entrepreneurs.R&D Management,2013,25(3):64-73.(in Chinese)
[46]HIGGINS M C,KRAM K E.Reconceptualizing mentoring at work:a developmental network perspective.Academy of Management Review,2001,26(2):264-288.
[47]吴义刚.创业拼凑、网络耦合与企业家集聚外部性研究.科技进步与对策,2014,31(15):153-155.WU Yigang.Research on entrepreneurial gathering,network coupling and the externalities of entrepreneur agglomer-ation.Science&Technology Progress and Policy,2014,31(15):153-155.(in Chinese)
[48]赵兴庐,张建琦.以创业拼凑为过程的新创企业的新颖性形成机制研究.科技管理研究,2016(20):183-189.ZHAO Xinglu,ZHANG Jianqi.Entrepreneurial capital,bricolage and new venture innovation.Science and Technology Management Research,2016(20):183-189.(in Chinese)
[49]BAKER T,MINER A S,EESLEY D T.Improvising firms:bricolage,account giving and improvisational competencies in the founding process.Research Policy,2003,32(2):255-276.
[50]STENHOLM P,RENKO M.Passionate bricoleurs and new venture survival.Journal of Business Venturing,2016,31(5):595-611.
[51]LAVIE D,STETTNER U,TUSHMAN M L.Exploration and exploitation within and across organizations.The Academy of Management Annals,2010,4(1):109-155.
[52]杨隽萍,唐鲁滨,于晓宇.创业网络、创业学习与新创企业成长.管理评论,2013,25(1):24-33.YANG Junping,TANG Lubin,YU Xiaoyu.Entrepreneurial network,entrepreneurial learning and new venture's growth.Management Review,2013,25(1):24-33.(in Chinese)
[53]SONENSHEIN S.How organizations foster the creative use of resources.Academy of Management Journal,2014,57(3):814-848.
[54]SENYARD J,BAKER T,DAVIDSSON P.Entrepreneurial bricolage:towards systematic empirical testing∥Babson College Entreprenership Research Conference.Boston,Massachusetts,2009:1-15.
[55]ATUAHENE-GIMA K,MURRAY J Y.Exploratory and exploitative learning in new product development:a social capital perspective on new technology ventures in China.Journal of International Marketing,2007,15(2):1-29.
[56]CHANDLER G N,HANKS S H.Measuring the performance of emerging businesses:a validation study.Journal of Business Venturing,1993,8(5):391-408.
[57]祝振铎.创业导向、创业拼凑与新企业绩效:一个调节效应模型的实证研究.管理评论,2015,27(11):57-65.ZHU Zhenduo.Entrepreneurial orientation,entrepreneurial bricolage and new firm performance:empirical research of a moderating effect model.Management Review,2015,27(11):57-65.(in Chinese)
[58]BARON R M,KENNY D A.The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:conceptual,strategic,and statistical considerations.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1986,51(6):1173-1182.
[59]LI J J,ZHOU K Z,SHAO A T.Competitive position,managerial ties,and profitability of foreign firms in China:an interactive perspective.Journal of International Business Studies,2009,40(2):339-352.
[60]李军,杨学儒.社会网络视角的创业学习与机会识别关系研究.工业技术经济,2016(8):69-75.LI Jun,YANG Xueru.Research on the relationship between the entrepreneurial learning and opportunity:based on social network perspective.Journal of Industrial Technological E-conomics,2016(8):69-75.(in Chinese)
[61]张文伟,赵文红.行业内外联系、创业学习和创业绩效的关系研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2017,38(4):162-171.ZHANG Wenwei,ZHAO Wenhong.Study on the relationship between intra-and extra-industry ties,entrepreneurial learning,and entrepreneurial performance.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2017,38(4):162-171.(in Chinese)
[62]BIRLEY S,CROMIE S,MYERS A.Entrepreneurial networks:their emergence in ireland and overseas.International Small Business Journal:Researching Entrepreneurship,1991,9(4):56-74.
[63]CAO Q,GEDAJLOVIC E,ZHANG H P.Unpacking organizational ambidexterity:dimensions,contingencies,and synergistic effects.Organization Science,2009,20(4):781-796.
[2]刘人怀,王娅男.创业拼凑对创业学习的影响研究:基于创业导向的调节作用.科学学与科学技术管理,2017,38(10):135-146.LIU Renhuai,WANG Yanan.The effect of entrepreneurial bricolage on entrepreneurial learning:the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2017,38(10):135-146.(in Chinese)
[3]MCINTYRE D P,SRINIVASAN A.Networks,platforms,and strategy:emerging views and next steps.Strategic Management Journal,2017,38(1):141-160.
[4]ENGEL Y,KAANDORP M,ELFRING T.Toward a dynamic process model of entrepreneurial networking under uncertainty.Journal of Business Venturing,2017,32(1):35-51.
[5]蔡莉,单标安.创业网络对新企业绩效的影响:基于企业创建期、存活期及成长期的实证分析.中山大学学报(社会科学版),2010,50(4):189-197.CAI Li,SHAN Biaoan.Entrepreneurial network and new firm performance:an empirical research on startup atage,survial stage and growth stage.Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition),2010,50(4):189-197.(in Chinese)
[6]侯佳薇,柳卸林,陈健.海归创业网络、资源获取与企业绩效的关系研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2018,39(1):168-180.HOU Jiawei,LIU Xielin,CHEN Jian.A study of the relationship among returnees'entrepreneurial network,resources acquisition and performance.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2018,39(1):168-180.(in Chinese)
[7]SENYARD J,BAKER T,STEFFENS P,et al.Bricolage as a path to innovativeness for resource-constrained new firms.The Journal of Product Innovation Management,2014,31(2):211-230.
[8]马鸿佳,吴娟,郎春婷.新创企业即兴行为到惯例的形成机理:基于创业学习视角.外国经济与管理,2018,40(11):116-128.MA Hongjia,WU Juan,LANG Chunting.The formation mechanism of improvisation into routines of new ventures:based on the entrepreneurial learning perspective.Foreign E-conomics&Management,2018,40(11):116-128.(in Chinese)
[9]单标安,蔡莉,陈彪,等.中国情境下创业网络对创业学习的影响研究.科学学研究,2015,33(6):899-906,914.SHAN Biaoan,CAI Li,CHEN Biao,et al.The impact of entrepreneurial network on entrepreneurial learning in the Chinese context.Studies in Science of Science,2015,33(6):899-906,914.(in Chinese)
[10]王浩宇,葛宝山.知识资源整合、创业学习与创业导向的关系研究.情报科学,2017,35(6):14-17,24.WANG Haoyu,GE Baoshan.Research on the relationship of knowledge resource integration,entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial orientation.Information Science,2017,35(6):14-17,24.(in Chinese)
[11]HANSEN E L.Entrepreneurial networks and new organization growth.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,1995,19(4):7-19.
[12]RIDZWAN R,MUHAMMAD N M N,AB RAHMAN A A.Resources,social network competence and youth entrepreneur success:a proposed framework.International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,2016,6(12):469-480.
[13]TAN J,YANG J,VELIYATH R.Particularistic and system trust among small and medium enterprises:a comparative study in China's transition economy.Journal of Business Venturing,2009,24(6):544-557.
[14]吕鸿江,付正茂,王道金,等.网络一致性对双元创新能力的权变平衡.外国经济与管理,2017,39(7):65-79.LYU Hongjiang,FU Zhengmao,WANG Daojin,et al.The contingent balance between network consistency and ambidextrous innovation.Foreign Economics&Management,2017,39(7):65-79.(in Chinese)
[15]杨特,赵文红,周密.网络规模对创业资源获取的影响:创业者先前经验的调节作用.科技进步与对策,2018,35(2):1-9.YANG Te,ZHAO Wenhong,ZHOU Mi.Research on the influence of network size on new ventures'resource acquisition:the moderating effects of prior experience.Science&Technology Progress and Policy,2018,35(2):1-9.(in Chinese)
[16]陈熹,范雅楠,云乐鑫.创业网络、环境不确定性与创业企业成长关系研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2015,36(9):105-116.CHEN Xi,FAN Yanan,YUN Lexin.Empirical study on entrepreneurial network,environment uncertainty and venture growth.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2015,36(9):105-116.(in Chinese)
[17]WATSON J.Modeling the relationship between networking and firm performance.Journal of Business Venturing,2007,22(6):852-874.
[18]彭学兵,王乐,刘玥伶,等.创业网络、效果推理型创业资源整合与新创企业绩效关系研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2017,38(6):157-170.PENG Xuebing,WANG Le,LIU Yueling,et al.Research on relationship among entrepreneurial networks,effectual entrepreneurial resource integration and new venture performance.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2017,38(6):157-170.(in Chinese)
[19]BAKER T,NELSON R E.Creating something from nothing:resource construction through entrepreneurial bricolage.Administrative Science Quarterly,2005,50(3):329-366.
[20]GUO H,SU Z F,AHLSTROM D.Business model innovation:the effects of exploratory orientation,opportunity recognition,and entrepreneurial bricolage in an emerging economy.Asia Pacific Journal of Management,2016,33(2):533-549.
[21]赵兴庐,刘衡,张建琦.冗余如何转化为公司创业?资源拼凑和机会识别的双元式中介路径研究.外国经济与管理,2017,39(6):54-67.ZHAO Xinglu,LIU Heng,ZHANG Jianqi.How does organizational slack drive corporate entrepreneurship:the ambidextrous mediating pathways of resource bricolage and opportunity recognition.Foreign Economics&Management,2017,39(6):54-67.(in Chinese)
[22]吴亮,刘衡.资源拼凑与企业创新绩效研究:一个被调节的中介效应.中山大学学报(社会科学版),2017,57(4):193-208.WU Liang,LIU Heng.Resource bricolage and firm innovation performance:a moderated mediation model.Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition),2017,57(4):193-208.(in Chinese)
[23]DEAKINS D,FREEL M.Entrepreneurial learning and the growth process in SMEs.Learning Organization,1998,5(3):144-155.
[24]ERIKSSON P E,LEIRINGER R,SZENTES H.The role of co-creation in enhancing explorative and exploitative learning in project-based settings.Project Management Journal,2017,48(4):22-38.
[25]杨艳,胡蓓.社会网络、创业自我效能感与创业意图的关系研究.软科学,2011,25(6):59-63.YANG Yan,HU Bei.Research on relationship between social network,entrepreneur self-efficacy and entrepreneurship intention.Soft Science,2011,25(6):59-63.(in Chinese)
[26]SOETANTO D.Networks and entrepreneurial learning:coping with difficulties.International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour&Research,2017,23(3):547-565.
[27]黄艳,陶秋燕,孟猛猛.社会网络、资源拼凑与新创企业的创新绩效.技术经济,2017,36(10):31-37,106.HUANG Yan,TAO Qiuyan,MENG Mengmeng.Social network,resource bricolage and innovation performance of new venture.Technology Economics,2017,36(10):31-37,106.(in Chinese)
[28]陈格.组织双元学习与新创企业创业绩效关系研究:基于创业拼凑的视角.杭州:浙江工商大学,2017:59-60.CHEN Ge.Research on organizational ambidextrous learning and entrepreneurial performance of new ventures from the perspective of entrepreneurial bricolage.Hangzhou:Zhejiang Gongshang University,2017:59-60.(in Chinese)
[29]赵文红,王文琼.基于创业学习的资源构建对创业绩效的影响研究.科技进步与对策,2015,32(15):86-90.ZHAO Wenhong,WANG Wenqiong.Research on the influence of resource construction based on entrepreneurial learning on entrepreneurial performance.Science&Technology Progress and Policy,2015,32(15):86-90.(in Chinese)
[30]ZHAO L M,ARAM J D.Networking and growth of young technology-intensive ventures in China.Journal of Business Venturing,1995,10(5):349-370.
[31]DAWES P L.Choice set size in high technology business markets.Journal of Business to Business Marketing,1996,3(1):33-66.
[32]PARKER S C.The economics of formal business networks.Journal of Business Venturing,2008,23(6):627-640.
[33]张玉利,杨俊,任兵.社会资本、先前经验与创业机会:一个交互效应模型及其启示.管理世界,2008(7):91-102.ZHANG Yuli,YANG Jun,REN Bing.Social capital,past experiences and entrepreneurial opportunities:an interaction effect model and its enlightenment.Management World,2008(7):91-102.(in Chinese)
[34]何会涛,袁勇志.海外人才创业双重网络嵌入及其交互对创业绩效的影响研究.管理学报,2018,15(1):66-73.HE Huitao,YUAN Yongzhi.The influence of network embeddedness and interaction effects on the performance of overseas talent entrepreneurship.Chinese Journal of Management,2018,15(1):66-73.(in Chinese)
[35]KOKA B R,PRESCOTT J E.Strategic alliances as social capital:a multidimensional view.Strategic Management Journal,2002,23(9):795-816.
[36]OSTGAARD T A,BIRLEY S.New venture growth and personal networks.Journal of Business Research,1996,36(1):37-50.
[37]奚雷,彭灿,杨红.资源拼凑对双元创新协同性的影响:环境动态性的调节作用.技术经济,2017,36(4):1-5,62.XI Lei,PENG Can,YANG Hong.Effect of resource bricolage on synergy of dual innovation:moderating role of environmental dynamics.Technology Economics,2017,36(4):1-5,62.(in Chinese)
[38]UZZI B.Social structure and competition in interfirm networks:the paradox of embeddedness.Administrative Science Quarterly,1997,42(1):35-67.
[39]PYKA A.Informal networking and industrial life cycles.Technovation,2000,20(1):25-35.
[40]BECKMAN C M,HAUNSCHILD P R.Network learning:the effects of partners'heterogeneity of experience on corporate acquisitions.Administrative Science Quarterly,2002,47(1):92-124.
[41]BRDERL J,PREISENDRFER P.Network support and the success of newly founded business.Small Business Economics,1998,10(3):213-225.
[42]HANNAN M T,FREEMAN J.Structural inertia and organizational change.American Sociological Review,1984,49(2):149-164.
[43]朱秀梅,李明芳.创业网络特征对资源获取的动态影响:基于中国转型经济的证据.管理世界,2011(6):105-115.ZHU Xiumei,LI Mingfang.The dynamic impact of the entrepreneurial network on the resource acquisition:an evidence base on China's transitional economy.Management World,2011(6):105-115.(in Chinese)
[44]RICE R E,ROGERS E M.Reinvention in the innovation process.Science Communication,1980,1(4):499-514.
[45]左晶晶,谢晋宇.社会网络结构与创业绩效:基于270名科技型大学生创业者的问卷调查.研究与发展管理,2013,25(3):64-73.ZUO Jingjing,XIE Jinyu.Social network structure and entrepreneurial performance:based on questionnaire survey of 270S&T university student entrepreneurs.R&D Management,2013,25(3):64-73.(in Chinese)
[46]HIGGINS M C,KRAM K E.Reconceptualizing mentoring at work:a developmental network perspective.Academy of Management Review,2001,26(2):264-288.
[47]吴义刚.创业拼凑、网络耦合与企业家集聚外部性研究.科技进步与对策,2014,31(15):153-155.WU Yigang.Research on entrepreneurial gathering,network coupling and the externalities of entrepreneur agglomer-ation.Science&Technology Progress and Policy,2014,31(15):153-155.(in Chinese)
[48]赵兴庐,张建琦.以创业拼凑为过程的新创企业的新颖性形成机制研究.科技管理研究,2016(20):183-189.ZHAO Xinglu,ZHANG Jianqi.Entrepreneurial capital,bricolage and new venture innovation.Science and Technology Management Research,2016(20):183-189.(in Chinese)
[49]BAKER T,MINER A S,EESLEY D T.Improvising firms:bricolage,account giving and improvisational competencies in the founding process.Research Policy,2003,32(2):255-276.
[50]STENHOLM P,RENKO M.Passionate bricoleurs and new venture survival.Journal of Business Venturing,2016,31(5):595-611.
[51]LAVIE D,STETTNER U,TUSHMAN M L.Exploration and exploitation within and across organizations.The Academy of Management Annals,2010,4(1):109-155.
[52]杨隽萍,唐鲁滨,于晓宇.创业网络、创业学习与新创企业成长.管理评论,2013,25(1):24-33.YANG Junping,TANG Lubin,YU Xiaoyu.Entrepreneurial network,entrepreneurial learning and new venture's growth.Management Review,2013,25(1):24-33.(in Chinese)
[53]SONENSHEIN S.How organizations foster the creative use of resources.Academy of Management Journal,2014,57(3):814-848.
[54]SENYARD J,BAKER T,DAVIDSSON P.Entrepreneurial bricolage:towards systematic empirical testing∥Babson College Entreprenership Research Conference.Boston,Massachusetts,2009:1-15.
[55]ATUAHENE-GIMA K,MURRAY J Y.Exploratory and exploitative learning in new product development:a social capital perspective on new technology ventures in China.Journal of International Marketing,2007,15(2):1-29.
[56]CHANDLER G N,HANKS S H.Measuring the performance of emerging businesses:a validation study.Journal of Business Venturing,1993,8(5):391-408.
[57]祝振铎.创业导向、创业拼凑与新企业绩效:一个调节效应模型的实证研究.管理评论,2015,27(11):57-65.ZHU Zhenduo.Entrepreneurial orientation,entrepreneurial bricolage and new firm performance:empirical research of a moderating effect model.Management Review,2015,27(11):57-65.(in Chinese)
[58]BARON R M,KENNY D A.The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:conceptual,strategic,and statistical considerations.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1986,51(6):1173-1182.
[59]LI J J,ZHOU K Z,SHAO A T.Competitive position,managerial ties,and profitability of foreign firms in China:an interactive perspective.Journal of International Business Studies,2009,40(2):339-352.
[60]李军,杨学儒.社会网络视角的创业学习与机会识别关系研究.工业技术经济,2016(8):69-75.LI Jun,YANG Xueru.Research on the relationship between the entrepreneurial learning and opportunity:based on social network perspective.Journal of Industrial Technological E-conomics,2016(8):69-75.(in Chinese)
[61]张文伟,赵文红.行业内外联系、创业学习和创业绩效的关系研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2017,38(4):162-171.ZHANG Wenwei,ZHAO Wenhong.Study on the relationship between intra-and extra-industry ties,entrepreneurial learning,and entrepreneurial performance.Science of Science and Management of S.&T.,2017,38(4):162-171.(in Chinese)
[62]BIRLEY S,CROMIE S,MYERS A.Entrepreneurial networks:their emergence in ireland and overseas.International Small Business Journal:Researching Entrepreneurship,1991,9(4):56-74.
[63]CAO Q,GEDAJLOVIC E,ZHANG H P.Unpacking organizational ambidexterity:dimensions,contingencies,and synergistic effects.Organization Science,2009,20(4):781-796.