天然气分布式供能系统在油田生产的应用
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摘要
新疆某油田油气处理站主要处理原油、天然气,具有常年稳定的电负荷、热负荷。提出采用传统供能系统(热电分供,电负荷由电网承担,热负荷由燃气蒸汽锅炉承担)或天然气分布式供能系统(热电联供,以电定热,电负荷由燃气轮机发电机组承担,热负荷由余热蒸汽锅炉、燃气蒸汽锅炉承担)为油气处理站供能。对传统供能系统、天然气分布式供能系统的主要设备进行选型,比较两种供能系统的造价、年运行成本。将分布式供能系统年运行成本节省率作为敏感性分析指标,将气电价格比作为敏感性因素,在电价一定的前提下计算分布式供能系统能够承担的天然气价格。受建设长距离输电线路的影响,传统供能系统的造价比天然气分布式供能系统增加了77. 57%。得益于廉价充足的气源以及能源的梯级利用,天然气分布式供能系统的年运行成本比传统供能系统下降了32. 55%。当电价为0. 40元/(kW·h)时,天然气分布式供能系统可承受的最高天然气价格为2. 075元/m~3,目前天然气价格为0. 99元/m~3,天然气分布式供能系统具有一定的抗风险能力。
The oil and gas processing station of an oilfield in Xinjiang mainly treats crude oil and natural gas,and has a stable annual electrical load and heat load. It is proposed that the traditional energy supply system( separate supply of heat and power,electric load borne by power grid,and heat load borne by gas steam boiler) or the natural gas distributed energy supply system( heat and power cogeneration,heat determined by power,electric load borne by gas turbine generator set,and heat load borne by waste heat steam boiler and gas steam boiler) is used to supply energy to the oil and gas processing station. The main equipment of the natural gas distributed energy supply system is selected,and the cost and annual operating cost of the two energy supply systems are compared.Taking the annual operating cost saving rate of the distributed energy supply system as the sensitivity analysis index,and the gas-electricity price ratio as the sensitivity factor,the natural gas price that the distributed energy supply system can withstand is calculated on the premise of certain electricity price. Affected by the construction of long-distance power transmission lines,the cost of the traditional energy supply system is 77. 57% higher than that of the natural gas distributed energy supply system. Thanks to cheap and abundant gas sources and cascade utilization of energy,the annual operating cost of the natural gas distributed energy supply systems is 32. 55% lower than that of the traditional energy supply system. When the electricity price is 0. 40 yuan/( k W · h),the maximum natural gas price that the natural gas distributed energy supply system can withstand is 2. 075 yuan/m~3,and the current natural gas price is 0. 99 yuan/m~3. The natural gas distributed energy supply system has a certain ability to resist risk.
The oil and gas processing station of an oilfield in Xinjiang mainly treats crude oil and natural gas,and has a stable annual electrical load and heat load. It is proposed that the traditional energy supply system( separate supply of heat and power,electric load borne by power grid,and heat load borne by gas steam boiler) or the natural gas distributed energy supply system( heat and power cogeneration,heat determined by power,electric load borne by gas turbine generator set,and heat load borne by waste heat steam boiler and gas steam boiler) is used to supply energy to the oil and gas processing station. The main equipment of the natural gas distributed energy supply system is selected,and the cost and annual operating cost of the two energy supply systems are compared.Taking the annual operating cost saving rate of the distributed energy supply system as the sensitivity analysis index,and the gas-electricity price ratio as the sensitivity factor,the natural gas price that the distributed energy supply system can withstand is calculated on the premise of certain electricity price. Affected by the construction of long-distance power transmission lines,the cost of the traditional energy supply system is 77. 57% higher than that of the natural gas distributed energy supply system. Thanks to cheap and abundant gas sources and cascade utilization of energy,the annual operating cost of the natural gas distributed energy supply systems is 32. 55% lower than that of the traditional energy supply system. When the electricity price is 0. 40 yuan/( k W · h),the maximum natural gas price that the natural gas distributed energy supply system can withstand is 2. 075 yuan/m~3,and the current natural gas price is 0. 99 yuan/m~3. The natural gas distributed energy supply system has a certain ability to resist risk.
引文
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[2]ABDOLLAHI G,SAYYAADI H.Application of the multi-objective optimization and risk analysis for the sizing of a residential small-scale CCHP system[J].Energy and Buildings,2013,60:330-344.
[3]MAGO P J,HUEFFED A K.Evaluation of a turbine driven CCHP system for large office buildings under different operating strategies[J].Energy and Buildings,2010,42(10):1628-1636.
[4]梁哲诚,陈颖,肖小清,等.广州市3栋商业建筑冷、热、电负荷特性分析[J].建筑科学,2012,28(8):13-20.
[5]LI Y J,LIANG W H,TAN R S.Optimal design of installation capacity and operation strategy for distributed energy system[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,125:756-766.
[6]杨干,翟晓强,郑春元,等.国内冷热电联供系统现状和发展趋势[J].化工学报,2015,66(增刊2):1-9.
[7]ARCURI P,FLORIO G,FRAGIACOMO P.A mixed integer programming model for optimal design of trigeneration in a hospital complex[J].Energy,2007,32(8):1430-1447.
[8]OKAMOTO S.Saving energy in a hospital utilizing CCHP technology[J].International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering,2011,2(2):45-55.
[9]ZHENG C Y,WU J Y,ZHAI X Q,et al.Impacts of feed-in tariff policies on design and performance of CCHPsystem in different climate zones[J].Applied Energy,2016,175:168-179.
[10]WANG Q,FANG F.Optimal configuration of CCHP system based on energy,economical and environmental considerations[C]//2nd International Conference on Intelligent Control and Information Processing(ICICIP2011).Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011:489-494.
[11]李悦.仲夏花园酒店分布式能源项目综合绩效评价(硕士学位论文)[D].北京:华北电力大学(北京),2016:35-38.
[12]娄志标,秦朝葵.旅馆建筑分布式能源系统的经济性分析[J].城市燃气,2014(3):12-18.
[13]罗艳玲,鄢烈祥,卢海,等.基于分布式能源的工业园区能源规划[J].化工进展,2013,32(2):308-312.
[14]林世平.工业园区小型分布式供能系统应用研究[J].沈阳工程学院学报(自然科学版),2011,7(2):103-106.
[15]王立庆.基于规划模型的油田天然气分布式能源站系统设计研究(硕士学位论文)[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2016:5-7.